Cathodic Protection Tester

Level 1
Theory Exam

Exam Preparation Guide

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 1

 Table of Contents

Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 2

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 3

Target Audience............................................................................................................................................ 3

Requirements ............................................................................................................................................... 4

Next Level of Certification: ....................................................................................................................... 4

CP 1 – Knowledge and Skill Areas Tested ..................................................................................................... 5

Types of Questions.......................................................................................................................................11

Description of Questions .........................................................................................................................11

Sample Questions ....................................................................................................................................11

Answer Key ................................................................................................................................................. 12

Preparation ................................................................................................................................................. 12

Standards.............................................................................................................................................. 12

Calculators ............................................................................................................................................ 13

Reference Sheet.......................................................................................................................................15

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 2

 Introduction
The Cathodic Protection Tester (CP 1) Theory exam is designed to assess whether a candidate
has the requisite knowledge and skills that a minimally qualified Cathodic Protection Tester
must possess. The exam consists of 81 multiple-choice questions that are based on the entry-
level Cathodic Protection Body of Knowledge (BOK), which is common in the CP industry.

Test Name AMPP CP 1 – Cathodic Protection Tester – Theory Exam

Test Code NACE-CP1-001
Time 2 ½ hours*
Number of Questions 81
Format Computer Based Testing (CBT)
*Exam time includes 4 minutes for the non-disclosure agreement and 6 minutes for the system tutorial.
Note:
• A pass/fail grade is provided at the end of the exam.

• The course manual is NOT provided during the exam.

• Reference material is provided as a PDF for questions that require an equation, conversion chart,
or other reference.

Target Audience
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ŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƚŝŽŶŽĨŶĞǁWƐLJƐƚĞŵƐŽƌĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐƵŶĚĞƌƚŚĞĚŝƌĞĐƚŝŽŶŽĨĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞĚW
ƉĞƌƐŽŶŶĞů͘

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 3

 Requirements
Cathodic Protection Tester (CP 1)
n tŽƌŬdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞнϮŽƌĞdžĂŵƐ

Work Experience Requirements

ϲŵŽŶƚŚƐŽĨWͲƌĞůĂƚĞĚǁŽƌŬĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞ

Core Exam Requirements

The following 2 core exams are required: 

ĂƚŚŽĚŝĐWƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŽŶdĞƐƚĞƌ;WϭͿWƌĂĐƚŝĐĂůdžĂŵ;ŚĂŶĚƐͲŽŶͿ
ĂƚŚŽĚŝĐWƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŽŶdĞƐƚĞƌ;WϭͿdŚĞŽƌLJdžĂŵ;ŵƵůƚŝƉůĞĐŚŽŝĐĞ͕ĐůŽƐĞĚͲŬ͕
ǁŝƚŚƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞƐͿ

Upon successful completion of requirements, the candidate will be awarded a Cathodic

Protection Tester (CP 1) Certification.

Note:

• Completion of the course does not entitle the candidate to the certification.

• The Cathodic Protection Tester (CP 1) Practical Exam is given at the conclusion of the
Cathodic Protection Tester (CP 1) course.

Next Level of Certification:

Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2)

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 4

CP 1 – Knowledge and Skill Areas Tested
NOTE: At the end of the CBT exam, the candidate will receive a bar chart of strengths and weaknesses that
correspond to these domains.
1. Fundamentals of Corrosion (30–40%)
1.1 Electrical Fundamentals

1.1.1 Understand various electric terms, such as voltage, AC/DC, current, power, and
resistance

1.1.2 Understand the rela onship expressed by Ohm's Law

1.1.3 Understand the rela onship expressed by Kirchhoff's Laws

1.1.4 Understand basic DC circuits, including series, parallel, and series‐parallel circuits

1.2 Electrochemical Basics

1.2.1 Understand basic terms of chemistry and electrochemistry used in corrosion theory,
such as ions, acidity, alkalinity, oxida on, and reduc on

1.2.2 Understand the composi on of a basic electrochemical cell and the electrochemical
reac ons that allow preferen al corrosion to occur at the anode

1.2.3 Understand how corrosion cells are formed on metal objects that are underground or
otherwise immersed in an electrolyte

1.2.4 Understand how to make effec ve use of environmental control to reduce corrosivity on
exposed metal

1.2.5 Understand the causes of naturally occurring corrosion

1.2.6 Understand the rela onship expressed by Faraday's Law

1.2.7 Recognize factors that affect the corrosion rate

1.3 Basic CP Theory

1.3.1 Understand the concept of cathodic protec on and the two primary methods of
applying it to metal objects underground or otherwise immersed in an electrolyte

1.3.2 Understand the structures that can be cathodically protected

1.3.3 Understand the purpose of DC power source in the impressed current system

1.3.4 Understand the need for insula on or isola on between facili es

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 5

 1.4 CP Component

1.4.1 List the components of galvanic and impressed current systems

1.4.2 Understand the purpose of rou nely encountered cathodic protec on components

1.4.3 List rou nely encountered cathodic protec on components

1.5 Influencing Factors

1.5.1 Understand the influence of the environment, such as moisture content, on corrosion

1.5.2 Understand how the environment influences conduc vity and chemical ac vity

1.5.3 Understand how the selec on of materials impacts corrosion

1.5.4 Understand the effect of different types of coa ng materials and their quality

1.5.5 Understand the concept of shielding and how it can affect metallic objects that are
cathodically protected

1.5.6 Understand different types of stray current and how they can impact corrosion

1.5.7 Understand the most common methods used to control stray current

1.5.8 Monitor the presence of stray current

1.5.9 Recognize external and third‐party components that could influence CP systems

2. Equipment and Equipment Management (5–15%)

2.1.1 Understand verifica on and basic opera ons of voltmeters, ohmmeters, mul meters,
and associated hardware

2.1.2 Understand how to use an ammeter, a clamp‐on ammeter, and a current shunt

2.1.3 Understand the basic principles of reference electrodes

2.1.4 Explain the purpose of the portable and sta onary reference electrodes

2.1.5 Select appropriate reference cell for work condi ons (e.g., copper‐sulfate, silver‐
chloride)

2.1.6 Understand the construc on and opera on of reference cells and maintain them in a
manner that will provide compara ve readings

2.1.7 Understand the types of the test sta ons

2.1.8 Determine the appropriate tools and equipment for the project

2.1.9 Understand the importance of equipment prepara on, storage, consumables, and
equipment spares

2.1.10 Understand the importance of documenta on, communica on, and procedures
regarding equipment and troubleshoo ng.

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 6

3. Installa on and Field Measurement (40–50%)

3.1 Poten al Measurements

3.1.1 Understand the importance of adequate connec on by removal of corrosion or coa ng

with tools (file, etc.), and demonstrate the process

3.1.2 Conduct structure‐to‐electrolyte poten al surveys

3.1.3 Record readings from periodic surveys according to company methods

3.1.4 Conduct offshore drop cell measurement

3.1.5 Understand the sources of error in poten al measurement

3.1.6 Understand measurement indica ons and possible source loca ons to iden fy stray
current

3.1.7 Recognize poten al measurements for indica ons of interference and protec on
levels/criteria

3.1.8 Determine the effect of a current source at remote loca ons using current interrupters

3.1.9 Understand how to use coupons to check the effec veness of cathodic protec on

3.1.10 Install interrupters in rec fiers or bonds for the purpose of taking on/off readings

3.2 Current Measurements

3.2.1 Understand fundamental current measurement methods used in cathodic protec on

surveys

3.2.2 Understand how current measurement can be applied in cathodic protec on surveys

3.2.3 Measure the mV drop with a meter, and calculate the magnitude and direc on of
current flowing through various size shunts

3.2.4 Measure the magnitude and direc on of currents through bonds

3.2.5 Conduct and verify rec fier readings with internal and external meters

3.3 Electrolyte Measurements

3.3.1 Understand different types of resistance measurement methods

3.3.2 Conduct a soil resis vity test using the four‐pin Wenner test method

3.3.3 Conduct soil resis vity measurements by using a soil box

3.3.4 Conduct single‐point soil resis vity readings with a "Collins Rod"

3.3.5 Calculate electrolyte resis vity

3.3.6 Understand how to collect electrolyte samples

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 3.3.7 Understand the various ways of measuring electrolyte pH

3.3.8 Use an an mony half‐cell in comparison to a copper/copper sulfate half‐cell for

determining the pH of soils

3.4 Con nuity Tes ng

3.4.1 Understand how to use conduc ve and induc ve methods to locate structures

3.4.2 Recognize the importance of AC mi ga on, and over‐voltage protec on

3.4.3 Determine the loca on of buried metallic structures and a achments

3.4.4 Verify the effec veness of the isola on device using structure‐to‐electrolyte readings

3.4.5 Verify the effec veness of the isola on device using an electronic isolator instrument

3.5 Installa on Methods

3.5.1 Understand basic a achments to a structure by using an exothermic welding kit and/or
pin brazing

3.5.2 Understand how to install test leads for test sta ons

3.5.3 Understand how to install test sta on and ensure proper opera on, electrically,
structurally, and mechanically

3.5.4 Understand how to install jumper bonds and test leads across an isola on device

3.5.5 Understand how to install test leads for an mV drop configura on in order to measure
the current flow in a pipeline

3.5.6 Understand how to install test leads for bonds and foreign line crossings

3.5.7 Understand how to install rec fiers and other power sources

3.5.8 Understand how to install galvanic anodes, document the installa on, and test to ensure
proper opera on

3.5.9 Understand how to install permanent reference cells and check them periodically to
ensure they are in good working order

3.5.10 Understand how to perform repairs and/or splices to bond leads, header cables, and test
leads

3.6 Basic Troubleshoo ng

3.6.1 Verify galvanic anode opera on using current measurement methods

3.6.2 Verify galvanic anode opera on using the open circuit poten al of the anode

3.6.3 Verify impressed current anode opera on using individual current measurement
methods

3.6.4 Understand how to locate shorts on structures

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 3.6.5 Understand how to test for a metallic short using the structure‐to‐electrolyte poten al

3.6.6 Understand how to locate a short by tracing current flow

3.6.7 Verify diode opera on

4. Industry Prac ces/Requirements (1–10%)

4.1.1 Understand and recognize recommended CP criteria

4.1.2 Understand the legal implica on of accurate and ethical recordkeeping

4.1.3 Understand the technical importance of accurate and precision recordkeeping

4.1.4 Understand the purpose of maintaining records required by regula ng bodies for the life
of the facility involved

4.1.5 Record personal logbook, diary, and notes

4.1.6 Understand the importance of various monitoring requirements and data components
that need to be recorded regularly

4.1.7 Interpret alignment sheets, facility maps, and other system maps to iden fy accurate
tes ng loca ons

4.1.8 Record site informa on (such as date, me, weather, sketch of site, photos, loca on
informa on) and condi ons (such as ground moisture, vegeta on, hazards)

4.1.9 Document name, model, and serial numbers of exact instruments used for readings

4.1.10 Record non‐standard test sta ons, and any other abnormal condi ons/factors that could
affect CP systems

5. Safety (1–10%)

5.1.1 Know where to find company's/client's safety procedures

5.1.2 Understand the role of the safety officer

5.1.3 Know how to iden fy hazards that can be encountered in cathodic protec on tes ng
and inspec on

5.1.4 Know what precau ons need to be taken for safety while conduc ng CP measurements

5.1.5 Recognize the importance of stop‐work and apply protec ve measures against severe
weather and environmental hazards

5.1.6 Understand the importance of communica ng personal medical condi ons (e.g.,
pacemaker)

5.1.7 U lize appropriate PPE and site‐specific safety equipment

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 9

 5.1.8 Understand the importance of tasks per site‐specific safety training (e.g., coal plants,
H2S environments, gas produc on facili es, explosive environments, radioac ve
environments, confined spaces/trenches, heights/fall protec on)

5.1.9 Acquire the permit and authoriza on to work

5.1.10 Iden fy hazardous materials

5.1.11 Follow SDS recommenda ons for handling disposals

5.1.12 Understand how lockout/tagout (LOTO) is used to ensure safety

5.1.13 Recognize workplace hazards encountered while working on electrical equipment

5.1.14 Interpret pipe/soil for indica ons of high AC voltage which may lead to corrosion or
safety issues

5.1.15 Apply all safety guidelines when traveling in a vehicle (e.g., wearing a seat belt in a car,
wearing a seat belt and ear protec on in a helicopter)

5.1.16 Understand the purpose of proper cer fica on/training for all equipment (e.g.,
ATV/UTV/winch, loading/unloading)

5.1.17 Recognize special equipment for protec on from wildlife (e.g., signal device, pepper
spray), hazardous plants, and insects, and take appropriate preventa ve measures

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 10

 Types of Questions
Description of Questions
This closed-book exam consists of multiple-choice questions where some questions may have
multiple answers that require more than one answer choice, as well as matching items. The
questions are based on the knowledge and skills required in the CP industry for a Cathodic
Protection Tester. While the training course is an excellent method of preparation, it is not
the only reference used in the development of the questions. Additional references can be
found in the Reference section.

Sample Questions
The sample questions are included to illustrate the formats and types of questions that will be
on the exam. Your performance on the sample questions should not be viewed as a predictor of
your performance on the actual test.

1. Which of the following results from polarization of a metal?

A. Corrosion
B. Reduced corrosion rate
C. Increased corrosion rate
D. Increased amount of current

2. Which of the following are advantages of impressed current systems?

A. No external power is required.
B. Voltage and current outputs are flexible.
C. They are less susceptible to damage from lightning.
D. No routine inspections are required.

3. Which of the following data are used to determine when adequate cathodic
protection is achieved?

A. Rectifier output voltage

B. Resistance of impresses current anode groundbeds
C. Current output of galvanic anodes
D. Structure-to-electrolyte potentials

4. The primary source of information about chemical hazards can be obtained from which of the
following?

A. Product data sheet

B. Code of federal regulations
C. Material Safety Data Sheet
D. Equipment schematics

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 11

 Answer Key
1. B
2. B
3. D
4. C

Preparation
Training—None Required
AMPP Cathodic Protection Tester – CP 1 Course (Available)

Recommended Study Material

Books
Peabody, A. W. (2001). Peabody's Control of Pipeline Corrosion (No. Ed. 2). NACE.

AMPP Cathodic Protection Tester—CP 1 course material

Standards

Latest editions should be used for all standards. Certain content from these standards is
incorporated in the Cathodic Protection Tester (CP 1) course materials and some of them are
included in the course manual.

• NACE SP 0169 (2013). “Control of External Corrosion on Underground of Submerged Metallic

Piping Systems.”

• NACE SP 0176 (2007) SG. “Corrosion Control of Submerged Areas of Permanently Installed Steel
Offshore Structures Associated with Petroleum Production.”

• NACE SP 0177 (2014). “Mitigation of Alternating Current and Lightning Effects on Metallic
Structures and Corrosion Control Systems.”

• NACE SP 0200 (2014). “Steel-Cased Pipeline Practices.”

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 12

 Calculators

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 13

Note: If you find this onscreen calculator difficult to use, raise your hand and ask the Test Administrator to provide
you with a hand-held calculator. If available, you will be provided with a scientific or non-scientific calculator.
Candidates are not permitted to bring their own calculator into the testing room.

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 14

NOTE: All references, including equations, were taken from original sources and may differ from those used in course manuals
and presentations.

EQUATIONS WENNER SOIL RESISTIVITY

RESISTIVITY (POUILLET’S LAW)

ρ = 2𝜋𝜋 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 Where
𝜌𝜌 = OR 𝑅𝑅 =
𝐿𝐿 𝐿𝐿 ρ = soil resistivity in ohm-cm*
𝐴𝐴 = distance between probes in cm*
Where 𝑅𝑅 = soil resistance in ohms {instrument reading}
𝜌𝜌 = resistivity in ohm-cm*
R = resistance in ohms *pin spacing can be in any unit, as long as it is consistent with
A = cross-sectional area in cm2* resistivity
L = length in cm*
*length and area can be in any unit, as long as they are OR
consistent

AREA OF A CIRCLE ρ = 191.5 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

A = πr2 Where
ρ = soil resistivity in ohm-cm
Where 𝐴𝐴 = distance between probes in feet
π = approximately 3.14 𝑅𝑅 = soil resistance in ohms {instrument reading}
r = radius of circle
A = area

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 15

OHM’S LAW SERIES CIRCUIT PARALLEL CIRCUIT
V V
V = IR I= R= VT = V1 + V2 + V3 VT = V1 = V2 = V3
R I

IT = I1 = I2 = I3 IT = I1 + I2 + I3

RT = R1 + R2 + R3 RT = _ _ __ 1 ____
1 1 1
+ +
R1 R2 R3

FARADAY’S LAW
POWER
Wt = KIT
P = EI
P = I2 R Where
Wt = weight loss in kg*
Where K = electrochemical equivalent in kg / A-yr
P = power in watts I = current in amps
R = resistance in ohms T = time in years
E = voltage in volts
I = current in amps *weight can be in any unit, as long as they are consistent

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 16

 SHUNT TYPES AND VALUES
CONSUMPTION RATE (K) FOR VARIOUS METALS
Shunt Rating Shunt Shunt
Metal kg / A-yr lb / A-yr Amps mV ohms A / mV
Carbon 1.3 2.86 Holloway Type
Aluminum 3.0 6.5 RS 5 50 0.01 0.1
Magnesium 4.0 8.8 SS 25 25 0.001 1
Iron / Steel 9.1 20.1 SO 50 50 0.001 1
High Silicon / Chromium Iron 0.5 1.0 SW or CP 1 50 0.05 0.02
Nickel 9.6 21.2 SW or CP 2 50 0.025 0.04
Copper (Monovalent) 20.8 45.8 SW or CP 3 50 0.017 0.06
Zinc 10.7 23.6 SW or CP 4 50 0.0125 0.08
Tin 19.4 42.8 SW or CP 5 50 0.01 0.1
Lead 33.9 74.7 SW or CP 10 50 0.005 0.2
SW 15 50 0.0033 0.3
SW 20 50 0.0025 0.4
RELATIVE VALUES OF TYPICAL REFERENCE ELECTRODES SW 25 50 0.002 0.5
TO COPPER–COPPER SULFATE REFERENCE ELECTRODE SW 30 50 0.0017 0.6
SW 50 50 0.001 1
Electrode (Half-Cell) Potential (Volt) SW 60 50 0.0008 1.2
Copper–Copper Sulfate (Saturated) (CSE) 0.000 SW 75 50 0.00067 1.5
Silver–Silver Chloride (3.5%) (SSC) -0.060
SW 100 50 0.0005 2
Saturated Calomel (SCE) -0.072
J.B. Type
Hydrogen (SHE) -0.316
Agra-Mesa 5 50 0.01 0.1
Pure Zinc (ZN) -1.100
Cott or MCM
Based on seawater resistivity of 20 ohm-cm
Red 2 200 0.1 0.01
Yellow 8 80 0.01 0.1
Orange 25 25 0.001 1

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 17

RECTIFIER CIRCUIT

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 18

PRACTICAL GALVANIC SERIES 4-WIRE LINE CURRENT TEST CALIBRATION

Material Potential (V)* Itest

K=
High Potential Magnesium -1.75 ΔVtest
Magnesium Alloy -1.60
Zinc -1.10 Where
Aluminum Alloy -1.05 K = calibration factor in amps / mV
Clean Carbon Steel -0.50 to -0.80 Itest = test current applied to pipe section in amps
Rusted Carbon Steel -0.20 to -0.50 ΔVtest = Vtest,current applied – Vtest, no current applied in mV
Cast / Ductile Iron -0.50
Lead -0.50
Steel in Concrete -0.20
Copper -0.20
High Silicon Iron -0.20
Carbon, Graphite +0.30 CURRENT IN PIPE
*Potentials with respect to saturated Cu–CuSO4 electrode
I = KV
Where
I = pipeline current in amps
K = calibration factor in amps / mV
V = voltage drop in pipeline section in mV

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 19

ELECTROCHEMICAL CIRCUITS

Metallic Path

-
e

Cations - ions
Anode + ions Cathode
Anions

Electrolytic Path

Conventional Current

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 20

 CONVERSIONS
EMF electromotive force – any voltage unit
E or e any voltage unit
V volts
mV millivolts
µV microvolts
I any amperage unit
mA milliamperes or milliamps
µA microamperes or microamps
R or Ω Resistance

1,000,000 volts = 1 megavolt

1,000 volts = 1 kilovolt
1.0 volt = 1000 millivolts
0.100 volt = 100 millivolts
0.010 volt = 10 millivolts
0.001 volt = 1 millivolt
0.000001 volt = 1 microvolt

1,000,000 amperes = 1 mega-ampere

1,000 amperes = 1 kiloampere
1.0 ampere = 1000 milliamperes
0.100 ampere = 100 milliamperes
0.010 ampere = 10 milliamperes
0.001 ampere = 1 milliampere
0.000001 ampere = 1 microampere

1,000,000 ohms = 1 mega-ohm

1,000 ohms = 1 kilo-ohm
1.0 ohms = 1000 milliohms
0.100 ohm = 100 milliohms
0.010 ohm = 10 milliohms
0.001 ohm = 1 milliohm
0.000001 ohm = 1 micro-ohm

1 meter = 100 cm
1 meter = 1000 mm
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 foot = 30.48 cm

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 21

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 22
 REFERENCES & STANDARDS USED TO DEVELOP THE REFERENCE MATERIAL

Peabody's Control of Pipeline Corrosion (No. Ed 2). Peabody, A.W. (2001). NACE.

NACE Corrosion Engineers Reference Handbook, Baboian, 3rd Edition (2002).

Electrical Engineering Principles and Applications—5th Edition. Hambley, A. (2005). Prentice-Hall Publishing.

Core Engineering Concepts for Students and Professionals—1st Edition. Lindeburg, M. (2010). Professional
Publications, Inc.

“American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System,”
ASTM SI 10. (2002). ASTM.

Universal Rectifiers Website. www.universalrectifiers.com

NACE SP 0169 (2013). “Control of External Corrosion on Underground of Submerged Metallic Piping Systems.”
NACE SP 0176 (2007) SG. “Corrosion Control of Submerged Areas of Permanently Installed Steel Offshore
Structures Associated with Petroleum Production.”
NACE SP 0177 (2014). “Mitigation of Alternating Current and Lightning Effects on Metallic Structures and
Corrosion Control Systems.”
NACE SP 0200 (2014). “Steel-Cased Pipeline Practices."

CP 1 Exam Preparation Guide—December 2023 | 23