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Data Gathering, Data Dissemination and Data Fusion

The pdf includes complete information for the topics of Data Gathering, Data Dissemination and Data Gathering.

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Yash Badhwar
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154 views

Data Gathering, Data Dissemination and Data Fusion

The pdf includes complete information for the topics of Data Gathering, Data Dissemination and Data Gathering.

Uploaded by

Yash Badhwar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Submitted By-

Group No:32

DATA GATHERING AND DATA FUSION Yash Badhwar


Vishesh Yadav
Vrishab Kumar Singh
Rishabh Singh Shekhawat
DATA GATHERING
The objective of data gathering in the sensor network is to transmit the
sensed data from each sensor node to a base station.
Different types of processes in data gathering:
1. Direct Transmission
2. PEGASIS (Power Efficient Gathering for sensor information system)
3. Binary Scheme
4. Chain-Based Binary Scheme
DIRECT TRANSMISSION

All the sensor nodes transmit their data directly to the base station. But there
are prominent disadvantages to this process.
•It is expensive in terms of energy consumed. More the energy consumed, the
more the cost increases,
•Media delay is also large. Transmitting information to the base station from a
node that is located far away from it would take time.
•Performs poorly as it transmits data directly to the base station.
POWER-EFFICIENT GATHERING FOR
SENSOR INFORMATION SYSTEM (PEGASIS)
It is an enhancement over Low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH)
protocol. It is based on the assumption that all the sensor nodes know the location
of every other node.

Goals Of PEGASIS:
•Minimize node transmission distance.
•The lower overhead of broadcasting.
•Minimize the number of messages that need to be sent to the base station.
•Equal distribution of energy consumption across all nodes.

Data Gathering With PEGASIS:


•A greedy algorithm is used.
•A chain of sensor nodes is constructed starting from the farthest node in the base
station.
POWER-EFFICIENT GATHERING FOR
SENSOR INFORMATION SYSTEM (PEGASIS)
BINARY SCHEME
•Chain-based scheme in which nodes are classified into different levels.
• Not applicable for non-CDMA sensor nodes.
•At each level, the number of nodes is reduced from the previous level.
•Below is an explanation of how the binary scheme works.
BINARY SCHEME
CHAIN-BASED THREE-LEVEL SCHEME
Applicable for non-CDMA sensor nodes.
Chain is constructed and it is divided into a number of groups to space
out simultaneous transmission.
APPLICATION OF DATA GATHERING IN
SENSOR NETWORK
1. Environmental checking
2. Industrial mechanization
3. Smart homes and urban areas
4. Health checking
5. Disaster reaction
DATA FUSION
The data fusion process tries to obtain critical data through sensors so
as to provide it to the sink energy efficiently while keeping the data
latency minimal.

Data Fusion Protocols:


1. Flat Networks
2. Hierarchical Networks
FLAT NETWORKS
1. Used to perform data fusion and sensor networks
2. Assumes a flat network structure where all nodes have equal roles
and responsibilities in the network.
3. No specific node is designated as the centre coordinator.
4. Uses a distributed approach to data fusion where each knot in the
network participates in the fusion process.
HIERARCHICAL NETWORKS
1. Data is fused by the means
of a special node which
reduced the number of data
packets sent to the sink.
2. Improve the overall energy
efficiency performance.
3. Consists of centralised, in-
network, tree based and
cluster based.
CENTRALISED APPROACH
1. All sensors send their sensed data in the form of data packets to a
central node or base station through the briefest route available
2. Role of header node is to aggregate the data received via the
other nodes after which the resulting data is transmitted in the
form of a single packet.
IN-NETWORK APPROACH
1. Thorough approach to gather and process data at intermediate
nodes.
2. Route information via multi-hop networks
3. Reduce amount of power consumed throughout the process.
4. Two forms of in-network aggregation are:
1. Size reduction aggregation: Data packets from sensor nodes are combined and
compressed to reduce the size of packets to be sent to the sink node.
2. With no size reduction: Merging is done without compression
TREE BASED APPROACH
1. Data aggregation trees are created whereby all data
transmissions require the construction of minimal spanning trees.
2. All notes within the network have a parent child relationship.
3. Data is directed in a bottom-up approach.
4. Data flows starting by the leaf nodes toward the sink node.
CLUSTER BASED APPROACH
1. Split networks into a number of clusters.
2. Every cluster consists of a set of sensor nodes, one of which is
selected to be the cluster head.
3. Clustered head performs the role of data aggregation.
4. Bandwidth, here, is brought to a minimum due to the reduced
number of directly transmitted packets
5. Decrease in the amount of energy consumed.

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