Practical Research 2 – Grade 11

Quarter 3 – Module 14: Conceptual Framework

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Renee Rose C. Reyes
Editor: Cynthia J. Tamayo
Reviewers: Liza A. Alvarez, EPS – Research
Illustrator: Renee Rose C. Reyes, and Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Micaelle Lauren V. Tenorio
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Revera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Practical
Research 2 11
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module14
Conceptual Framework
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to Practical Research 2 Self-Learning Module on Conceptual

Framework!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to Practical Research 2 Self-Learning Module on Conceptual

Framework!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

In your practical research 1, you have learned how to choose the right articles,
references, or literatures for your study. You also have practiced how to properly
paraphrase the ideas you've chosen. In this lesson, we will use those skills and
generate a plan for your research.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. illustrate and explain the conceptual framework;
2. create a conceptual framework out of the statement of the problem; and
3. make a conceptual framework for your research paper.

PRETEST

Directions: Read the statements/questions comprehensively and choose the

best answer. Write your answers in your notebook.

1. What does IPO in conceptual framework stand for?

A. Input – Process – Output
B. Input – Procedure – Output
C. Inclusion – Procedure – Outsourcing
D. Inclusion – Processing – Outsourcing

2. Which of the following is not included in the purposes of conceptual

framework?
A. Describes the observations.
B. Mostly presented in a diagram and no explanation after.
C. Provide conditions in expounding the results of the study.
D. Clears out the ideas and connect the variables stated in the study.

For questions 3 and 4

General objective: This research aimed to identify the effects of work from home set
up to selected teachers in Pasig City.

3. What is the INPUT in the given general objective?

A. Effects of work from home set up
 B. Selected teachers in Pasig City
C. Work from home guidelines
D. All teachers in Pasig City

4. What is the OUTPUT in the given general objective?

A. Effects of work from home set up
B. Selected teachers in Pasig City
C. Work from home guidelines
D. All teachers in Pasig City

5. The conceptual framework serves as the blueprint of the study to guide the
researchers in doing the study. In this context, what does the underlined word
mean?
A. Plan of the researcher/s
B. Diary of the researcher/s
C. The output of the researcher/s
D. Hardcopy or printed copy in blue ink

RECAP

DIRECTION: Write YAY! If the CMOS parenthetical citation is correct and NAY! If
the citation is incorrect. Write your answers in your notebook.

_______1. According to Garcia (2000), “Mathematics has equal difficulty with other
subjects. It depends on the learner’s perspective.” (p.24).
_______2. In the study conducted by Cruz 2011, she emphasized that in order to have
your own business, you should be as determined and strong as a lion.
_______3. As emphasized in the press conference of Secretary Alfrenal, “The President
is in the area and stay there as long as he is needed. All planned flights,
meetings and conference will be cancelled”.
_______4. In the article written by Rettner (2016), Chimeras are not always man-
made, a fetus that absorbed a dead twin has two DNA and is considered as
a chimera.
_______5. Moreau 13, (2016): said that internet memes are any idea or concept
expressed in some form of content on the web: can be a picture, video, or
GIF. (p13)
 LESSON

Conceptual Framework
In this lesson, the conceptual framework will be discussed. The conceptual
framework serves as the outline that you can follow in doing your research. It is also
useful in analyzing a particular research or study. It is sometimes called the
‘blueprint’ of the research as it shows the overview of the research or the ‘plan’ in
doing the research. It is mostly presented through diagrams, charts, or maps, and
rarely through a narrative form. But in the case of including a diagram, you should
always present an explanation or narrative after. The narrative should summarize
the variables and explore how they may change your hypothesis, and this is
considered as an adaptable guide.

Nature and Purposes

A conceptual framework is used in research to outline possible courses of
action or to present a preferred approach to an idea or thought. In most cases, the
framework is presented in diagrams or graphs.

Figure 1. Purposes of Conceptual Framework

Here are the purposes of having a conceptual framework:

1. It serves as a blueprint/skeleton/plan of your research since everything you

want to do in your research (who could be your subjects, what to ask, what
 analysis to use, etc.) should be in here. This will guide you throughout your
research.

2. You can also include in your conceptual framework (especially in the narrative
part) your observations: this refers to the events, situations you have seen
while collecting information or sources. Make sure to describe your
observations relative to your topic or title.

3. The conceptual framework will help the readers in understanding your study
especially your reasons in doing it and the basis since you are expected to put
in some of the sources to support your plan and your whole study.

4. The main purpose of this framework is to connect the ideas and the
relationship of the variables to be used in your study. With the use of the
arrows and lines, you can show the connection and explain the idea behind
those.

5. While gathering related literature and study, you can see different information
that might lead you in the development of theory that is helpful and practical.
Although this is not commonly happening to every paper, there are times that
the researcher was able to develop a theory when comparing and contrasting
the ideas and variables.

6. Since the framework is your plan for the whole research, you can
provide possible results and explanations of each here. As mentioned,
the framework includes your plan from start to finish, which means
that you can also include the possible results. It can be only one results
or more expected results and definitely, each expected results has an
explanation why you, as a researcher, think that it could be the result.

Procedure in writing your conceptual framework

1. What would I want my topic to be? Remember that it should be within your
field of specialization (your track/strand).

2. Where to find articles to support my research? You should look for valid and
reliable sources in doing a literature review (start with Google Scholar).

3. Why is my study important? While selecting and collating your literature

review, you should also look for variables that are important in your research.
You should connect them to your topic.
 4. How to do my research? This is where you should create your plan. Make a
conceptual framework based on the literature you’ve gathered.

Example of a Conceptual Framework

Refer to the example of a conceptual framework below. It uses the common

format in presenting the paradigm which is the IPO (input-process-output). However,
you can also showcase your creativity in presenting your research’s blueprint.

Don’t forget that after the diagram, you should always follow it up with an
explanation of what is written or included in the diagram. This will help readers in
understanding your plan.

Figure 2. IPO format of Conceptual Framework

What should be included in INPUT?

- The needed information for your research.

- The information that mostly comes from external factors or
subjects/respondents
- Everything that you need for your research (i.e. information,
materials, paper works)
What is included in the PROCESS?

- The action you will perform to get the information written in the
input
- What will you do to the information or data you gathered?
What is written in OUTPUT?

- The expected result after processing the input

Aside from the IPO format, there are other ways on how you can create your
conceptual framework diagram.
Remember:

Arrow is used to show cause and effect relationship

Solid line is used to show connection or correlation

This rule above does not apply to IPO process as it uses arrows to show the
process from input to process to output. The proper usage of arrow/solid line should
be observed when not using the IPO format since the diagram that will be created
might show a more complicated process.

Conceptual Framework (Gatchalian, et. al, 2019, figure 6)

 ACTIVITIES

Activity 1

DIRECTIONS: With the discussion above, and using your own words, define and
elaborate the conceptual framework. Write your answer in your notebook.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2

DIRECTIONS: With help from a family member or a friend (through a group chat),
create a conceptual framework (IPO format) out of the given statement of the problem.
Write your answer in your notebook.

First Part
Research Question: What is the relationship between students’ awareness of the 7S
of Good housekeeping to their study habits.
Statement of the Problem:
The research aims to identify grade 12 ICT students’ level of awareness of 7s of good
Housekeeping and its effects on their study habits (Laggui, et.al, 2019)

Specifically, the study wants to answer the following questions:

1) What is the level of awareness of students about the 7s of Good Housekeeping?
2) What are the common study habits do students possess?
3) How do students’ practice 7s of Good Housekeeping in their study habits?
4) What is the relationship between 7s of Good Housekeeping and study habits?

Second Part
From the IPO format of your conceptual framework, create another format of your
conceptual framework. Be creative! Help from a friend or a family member will do.
Good luck!
Activity 3

DIRECTIONS: Based on our discussion in this module, create your own conceptual
framework for your research paper. Write your answer/work in your notebook.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

WRAP – UP

DIRECTIONS: Complete the sentences below referring to what you have learned in
this module. Write your answers in your notebook.

I now know something about ___________________________________________________

First, __________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Second, _______________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Further, _______________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Finally, ________________________________________________________________________

Now you know what I know something about ___________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

Pasig City, just like the other cities in the country, has a scholarship program
for students called Pasig City Scholarship Program (formerly known as BCE
Scholarship). Eligible students from elementary to college can be one of the
beneficiaries of the said program. With the amount of allowance, they receive each
month, most of the beneficiaries depend on this to pay for their tuition and school
requirements and some to help their families.

In times of crisis and pandemic like CoViD-19, families with student-

beneficiary rely on what their child will get from the program. But it was a struggle
for the local government to distribute the allowances. And behind these struggles, a
lot of minds are thinking of the ways; plans on what to do. And successfully, they
were able to give the allowances to all the beneficiaries.

Here’s what they did:

Pasig City Scholars

Allowance Distribution
(Pasig City Information
Office, 2020, figure 7)

Questions:

1. What do you think about the strategy of the local government of Pasig in
distributing the allowances of the scholars?
2. In the scenario given, can you give one importance of having a plan?
3. Recall a scenario in your life where you created a plan for something. Share to
me what happened.

POSTTEST
DIRECTIONS: Read the statements/questions comprehensively and choose the best
answer. Write your answer in your notebook.

1. In the IPO diagram of the research paradigm, where should you include the
analysis of the data gathered?
A. Input
B. Process
C. Output
D. None of the above
 2. In creating a conceptual framework, you should ask these questions,
EXCEPT:
A. What topic should I choose?
B. What will I do with my study?
C. Where can I find similar literature?
D. Who will be my partner in gathering the data?

For questions 3& 4:

General objective: This research aimed to identify the stress level of selected
students during the first quarter of the distance learning school year 2020-2021.

3. What is the OUTPUT in the given general objective?

A. Distance learning
B. Selected students
C. Stress level of students
D. First quarter of the school year 2020-2021

4. What is the INPUT in the given general objective?

A. Distance learning
B. Selected students
C. The stress level of students
D. First quarter of school year 2020-2021

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The conceptual framework is an option in doing research.
B. The conceptual framework shows the results of the research.
C. The conceptual framework includes the theories of past relevant
studies.
D. The conceptual framework serves as a plan in conducting the
research.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5. NAY!
4. YAY! A 5.
5. A
A 4.
3. NAY! 4. B
C 3.
2. YAY! 3. C
B 2.
2. D
1. YAY! A 1.
1. B
RECAP POSTTEST PRETEST

REFERENCES
Ballera, Charlene B., Jonalyn D. Gungon, Mary Jane A. Dalisay and Renee Rose C.
Reyes Practical research 2: learning module for senior high school.
Unpublished, 2019.

Baraceros, Esther L. “Conceptual Framework.” Content. In Practical Research 2, 1st

ed., 65-71. Manila: Rex Printing Company Inc. 2019.

Gatchalian, Bryzon, Patrick R. Datul, Aldrin O. Gentiles, Lester G. Valdez, Sweet M.

Estolas, and Kyle D. Lim. Advantages and Disadvantages of Having Computer
Shops Near School and Its Impact to Students’ Performance. Unpublished
Research Paper, Rizal High School-Senior High School, 2019.

Laggui, Alexis J., Aldrin T. Bonet, John Nickholas L. Santana, and Jeiko Francine
M. Robale. RHS-SHS ICT-CSS Students’ Level of Awareness of 7s of Good
Housekeeping and Its Effect To Their Study Habits. Unpublished Research
Papers, Rizal High School-Senior High School, 2019.

Pasig City Public Information Office. Pasig City Scholars Allowance Distribution.
Photograph. 2019. Pasig PIO. https://m.facebook.com/PasigPIO/