Crafting a Literature Review on Uncertainty Reduction Theory can be a daunting task.

This theory,
which delves into the process of how individuals reduce uncertainty when meeting new people,
navigating relationships, or encountering unfamiliar situations, requires a comprehensive
understanding of various academic sources, research methodologies, and theoretical frameworks. To
effectively summarize, analyze, and synthesize existing literature on this topic demands meticulous
attention to detail, critical thinking skills, and the ability to convey complex ideas coherently.

One of the major challenges in writing a literature review is the sheer volume of scholarly articles,
books, and research papers available on Uncertainty Reduction Theory. Sorting through this vast
array of sources to identify relevant and credible information can be time-consuming and
overwhelming. Moreover, synthesizing diverse perspectives and findings from different studies while
maintaining a clear and logical structure presents its own set of challenges.

Additionally, ensuring that the literature review is not only descriptive but also analytical and
evaluative requires a deep understanding of the theoretical underpinnings of Uncertainty Reduction
Theory and its applications across various disciplines such as communication studies, psychology,
sociology, and beyond.

For those facing difficulties in crafting a literature review on Uncertainty Reduction Theory, seeking
professional assistance can be invaluable. ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔ offers expert academic writing
services tailored to meet your specific needs. Our team of experienced writers specializes in
conducting comprehensive literature reviews, providing insightful analysis, and delivering high-
quality content that adheres to academic standards and guidelines.

By entrusting your literature review to ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔, you can save time and effort while
ensuring that your paper meets the highest standards of academic excellence. Our writers are skilled
at synthesizing complex information, identifying key themes and trends, and presenting findings in a
clear and concise manner. Whether you need assistance with literature review writing, editing, or
proofreading, ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔ is your trusted partner for academic success.
It also describes three stages of relationship development and proposes axioms and theorems about
how uncertainty relates to communication behaviors and relational variables like liking and similarity.
Additionally, the subjective uncertainty reduction is often stimulated by the necessity to find some
logic and structure in the communicative strategy of the opponent, as it is stated in the research by
Kramer (2004). A “Need” is a biological or psychological requirement. These phases involve may
involve passive, active, and interpersonal communication, the key aim of which is to find out as
much details and facts, as possible. Therefore, in accordance with the research by Knobloch and
Solomon (1999) this can be defined with the test, the key task of which is creating a particular story
with the given words and phrases. Initially, there is some degree of uncertainty between participants
in these interaction situations. GIPSY Processing of GPS; central US Short tutorial Estimating the
background noise from GPS. However, ensuring that the teasing isn’t too personal or offensive is
essential. Attribution theory remains an important aspect of interpersonal relations which affirms that
whatever the cause may be, there always remain a strong need to comprehend and make clear what
is going on in our world. Introduction to Communication Theory Turner and West. Origin.
Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT) is also known as Initial Interaction Theory. Conversely, when
uncertainty is low, this leads to a lower level of reciprocity. The authors explore the theoretical
implications of these findings for our understanding of uncertainty reduction, warranting, and self-
disclosure processes in online contexts. However, if the outcomes of the communication level can not
be forecasted, the key emphasis should be made on the motivational factors of reducing the
uncertainty. Furthermore, the initial interaction of strangers can be broken down into individual
stages—the entry stage, the personal stage, and the exit stage. Uncertainty reduction is important for
us in communication in order for us to predict the kind of future relationship between us and the
other person and their responses to our ways of communication as well. There have been claims that
national systems are determined by environmental factors. UNCERTAINTY REDUCTION
THEORY Outline I. -People experience uncertainty in interpersonal settings and it generates
cognitive stress. By quelling any sense of uncertainty and mystery between them, one can safely
assume that confidence will grow as a result. Ultimately, strategic information gathering aims to
reduce our uncertainty about other people and help us form relationships with them. Social
penetration theory involves the development of deeper intimacy, between the communicating parties,
through a mutual self-disclosure (Goleman and Boyatzis, 2004). Charles Berger and Richard
Calabrese 1975 observed that when we interact with strangers we experience uncertainty because we
dont really know what to expect. Besides, it also helps them to develop a sense of trust and form
clearer expectations. Furthermore, online information's effect on job applicants has been widely
discussed, as many guide books now suggest that applicants minimize what could be preserved by
employers as negative presence in their online communities and strategically enhance any positive
presence. Business Communication Quarterly, 72(3), 338-341 Dainton, M. (2003). Equity and
Uncertainty in Relational Maintenance. Therefore, clear understanding of the communication cycles
is crucial for studying the behavioral and communication patterns, people resort to, in order to reduce
their uncertainty about each other. In this topic, we will tackle about how uncertainty works in our
life and how we manage it. Assuming that the uncertainty reduction increases the communication
effectiveness, it should be emphasized that uncertainty is often regarded as a stimulating factor for
reducing it. Upload Read for free FAQ and support Language (EN) Sign in Skip carousel Carousel
Previous Carousel Next What is Scribd. Therefore, instead of manipulating subjective uncertainty
Barker and Gower (2009) emphasize the importance of the personal reaction on the uncertainty, and
calculation of the discomfort level. As a result of this chance encounter, two relative strangers can
now forge an immediate bond of trust and form lasting relationships.
Our Teams are working hard and pushing the boundaries of possibilities to widen the horizon and
provide high quality blogger article to all hardworking bloggers! Therefore, instead of manipulating
subjective uncertainty Barker and Gower (2009) emphasize the importance of the personal reaction
on the uncertainty, and calculation of the discomfort level. Scholars can use them for free to gain
inspiration and new creative ideas for their writing assignments. Online learning courses can create
new interaction situations for participants who have not previously worked with each other. On how
human communication is used to gain knowledge and create understanding. Charles Berger notes
that the beginnings of personal relationships are fraught with uncertainties. Considering the fact that
their uncertainty can be observed through behavioral and cognitive factors, it should be emphasized,
that the general premise of the theory is linked with the necessity to adapt behavior and
communication in order to find the most suitable behavioral pattern. It, in turn, leads to more
effective communication, which benefits both parties. Initially, there is some degree of uncertainty
between participants in these interaction situations. If you follow each other in social media and read
each other's posts, you will know more about each other and your uncertainty decreases. The review
process on Helpful Professor involves having a PhD level expert fact check, edit, and contribute to
articles. Theoretical Discussion The bases of the uncertainty reduction theory are linked with the
concept that people will try to get to know as much as possible about each other by using various
communication channels. It is something we cannot avoid, and this is what makes the world fun.
Therefore, there is a clear evidence, emphasized by Dainton (2003): hence it should be stated that the
uncertainty is mainly associated with the context of the conversation, as well as the surrounding
circumstances. Charles Berger objective Uncertainty reduction theory focuses. Uncertainty. Pascal.
“It is not certain that everything is uncertain”. Agenda. Uncertainty !. A perplexing thought?. “If we
can’t be certain about future consequences of alternatives, how can we be confident we choose
best?”. Considering the sociological aspect of the uncertainty reduction, the research by Kramer
(2004) should be considered. Attribution theory remains an important aspect of interpersonal
relations which affirms that whatever the cause may be, there always remain a strong need to
comprehend and make clear what is going on in our world. Therefore, people have enough
information concerning each other, and they decide whether they have sympathy towards another
person, or not. However, if the outcomes of the communication level can not be forecasted, the key
emphasis should be made on the motivational factors of reducing the uncertainty. He is the former
editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education and holds a PhD in Education
from ACU. People can get to know each other better and gain a deeper understanding by discussing
topics of interest. Research Synthesis In accordance with the research by Barker and Gower (2009),
the subjective uncertainty is often regarded as a function of the communicative context, while the
individual features of the communicative strategy depend on the individual experience. But these
two tested axioms are only a partially useful formulation for understanding such intercultural
communication. There are multiple ways of reducing uncertainty, and multiple effects of the presence
of uncertainty in relationships. Therefore, in accordance with the research by Knobloch and Solomon
(1999) this can be defined with the test, the key task of which is creating a particular story with the
given words and phrases. However, considering the basic theorems of the theory, it should be
emphasized that the actual importance of the uncertainty can be explained by the communicational
pattern of staying careful and attentive with the strangers unless their motives and intentions are
clear. How will they respond to my actions?” (Costa, 2015). Furthermore, online information's effect
on job applicants has been widely discussed, as many guide books now suggest that applicants
minimize what could be preserved by employers as negative presence in their online communities
and strategically enhance any positive presence. It is true that studying this theory would be helpful
for understanding the human relations through interpersonal communication.
To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds
to upgrade your browser. He co-edited the first edition of the Handbook of Communication Science
with Steven H. Chaffee. Charley Berger and Richard Calabrese created the Uncertainty Reduction
Theory in 1975 in an attempt to describe the communication process when people meet for the first
time. People can get to know each other better and gain a deeper understanding by discussing topics
of interest. Thus, uncertainty may influence online discourse and learning. It can also help them to
gain insight into the other person’s values and beliefs. As a rule, the communication process, as well
as the selection of the communication strategy, is stipulated by the commonly accepted norms. In
general, people stay within the frames of the formal communicational paradigm. Therefore, in
accordance with the research by Knobloch and Solomon (1999) this can be defined with the test, the
key task of which is creating a particular story with the given words and phrases. According to the
uncertainty reduction theory, low uncertainty increases the amount of discourse and decreases
information seeking. The study findings confirm that the frequency of use of uncertainty reduction
strategies is predicted by three sets of online dating concerns—personal security, misrepresentation,
and recognition—as well as self-efficacy in online dating. Therefore, clear understanding of the
communication cycles is crucial for studying the behavioral and communication patterns, people
resort to, in order to reduce their uncertainty about each other. Kuna, PsyD Mcm 380 Persuasive
CommunicationProcessing Persuasive Communi.docx Mcm 380 Persuasive
CommunicationProcessing Persuasive Communi.docx ARIV4 Chapter 8: Theories of Media
Cognition and Information Processing (final vers. Conclusion The uncertainty reduction theory is
intended to explain the communication process between two communicators, or within a group of
people in the circumstances of the information lack. Early Tech Adoption: Foolish or Pragmatic? -
17th ISACA South Florida WOW Con. Problems: partial observability (road state, other drivers'
plans, noisy sensors) uncertainty in action outcomes (flat tire, etc.). Therefore, the observation may
be performed in the circumstances of a “classroom”, when a person studies and observes the other
communicator from the superior position, or in the circumstances of free communication, while all
the communicators are equal. The interacting individuals start probing each other for the particular
attitudes, values, and personal features of character. Additionally, some psychologists (Dainton,
2003) emphasize that some behavioral patterns can affect the way the uncertainty is experienced.
This attribution theory gives the need for people to explain their feelings and desires which prompts
interaction in various social settings. Related researches are aimed at studying the communication
strategies and habits of the individuals. If you follow each other in social media and read each
other's posts, you will know more about each other and your uncertainty decreases. Introduction to
Communication Theory Turner and West. Origin. Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT) is also
known as Initial Interaction Theory. The Uncertainty Reduction Theory created by Charles R.
UNCERTAINTY REDUCTION THEORY Outline I. -People experience uncertainty in interpersonal
settings and it generates cognitive stress. We are trying to provide you the new way to look and use
the Tips. However, the observation circumstances may be created upon mutual agreement (either
active or passive). Early interactions are particularly uncertain due to a lack of experience with the
other person. This article has been rated as C-Class on the project's. Charles Berger and Richard
Calabrese 1975 observed that when we interact with strangers we experience uncertainty because we
dont really know what to expect. Brumfield, E. (2008). Using Online Tutorials to Reduce
Uncertainty in Information Seeking Behavior.
Uncertainty Reduction Theory was introduced in 1975 in a paper entitled Some Exploration in Initial
Interaction and Beyond. Social penetration theory involves the development of deeper intimacy,
between the communicating parties, through a mutual self-disclosure (Goleman and Boyatzis, 2004).
Finding Narratives at the Nexus: Telling Stories About Our Work Can Help Us D. Theoretical
Discussion The bases of the uncertainty reduction theory are linked with the concept that people will
try to get to know as much as possible about each other by using various communication channels.
People can get to know each other better and gain a deeper understanding by discussing topics of
interest. The theory uses axioms and theorems in order to discuss the movement that takes place in
the process of reducing uncertainty in initial interactions. Students should always cross-check any
information on this site with their course teacher. The primary goal of people in initial interactions is
to increase their ability to make PREDICTIONS about one another. Our Teams are working hard and
pushing the boundaries of possibilities to widen the horizon and provide high quality blogger article
to all hardworking bloggers! Once the situation is set up we sometime observe a passive strategy or
talk with the person an interactive strategy. The theory is concerned with how people communicate
and how knowledge is shared and understood. The popularity of the technology has risen rapidly,
and now, more than half of American residences have a home computer. It is a smart way to follow
the structure of our textbook to introduce this theory, which is thorough and clear. Therefore, instead
of manipulating subjective uncertainty Barker and Gower (2009) emphasize the importance of the
personal reaction on the uncertainty, and calculation of the discomfort level. As Salwen and Stacks
(1996) state, the uncertainty levels keep changing, while communicators unconsciously increase the
uncertainty levels for the other team members. The personal stage involves interaction initiation
when the basic information concerning the stranger’s beliefs and attitudes is found out. It is true that
studying this theory would be helpful for understanding the human relations through interpersonal
communication. However, the observation circumstances may be created upon mutual agreement
(either active or passive). Behaviour Science and Sustainability in Communications for Schoolab
Talent an. Another factor that affects uncertainty is linked with the involvement of a person into the
information exchange process. Moreover, the test may involve the test of authoritarianism that is
intended to find out whether a person is used to take the leading position in the communication
process. Retrieved October 10, 2005 from Richard Joseph Calabrese. One of the central features of
the course is the emphasis placed on learning physics through the interplay of theory and experiment
— so that candidates understand where ideas come from, how they make sense and how they may
be used. On the other hand, Uncertainty Reduction Theory explains that relationships are built
through effective communication, between the parties involved (Blundel and Blundel, 2011). But
this is very subjective, do whatever you think is proper. Running Head: Uncertainty Reduction
Theory Analysis Uncertainty Reduction Theory Analysis; History and critique See Full PDF
Download PDF See Full PDF Download PDF Related Papers Understanding Uncertainty Reduction
Theory Yusuf Yuksel Download Free PDF View PDF Do I Know You. Besides, it also helps them to
develop a sense of trust and form clearer expectations. Are there any universal qualities that attract
viewers to characters? -How can uncertainty reduction and uses and gratification theory help explain
these character to viewer relations. When non-verbal affiliative expressiveness rises, uncertainty
levels in a primary interaction situation will plummet. Problems: partial observability (road state,
other drivers' plans, noisy sensors) uncertainty in action outcomes (flat tire, etc.).
How we think about an advisor tech stack How we think about an advisor tech stack Uncertainty
Reduction Theory G2 COMM2378 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Passive strategy 7. 8. 9. 10. Nonverbal warmth
11. We use cookies to create the best experience for you. But individuals can use communication to
reduce this uncertainty. By monitoring nonverbal cues, people can understand the other person’s
emotions and reactions (see also: high context communication ). Viktoriya is passionate about
researching the latest trends in economics and business. For example, classification systems, such as
stereotyping, create certainty out of uncertain situations. Hence, the uncertainty levels within the
communication networks (teams, workgroups, etc.) depend on the intensiveness of the information
exchange process. Therefore, people have enough information concerning each other, and they
decide whether they have sympathy towards another person, or not. However, if the outcomes of the
communication level can not be forecasted, the key emphasis should be made on the motivational
factors of reducing the uncertainty. The effect on the macroinvertebrate assemblage confirmed that
the concentrations. They wanted to explain how communication is used to reduce uncertainties
between strangers engaging in their first conversation together. Are there any universal qualities that
attract viewers to characters? -How can uncertainty reduction and uses and gratification theory help
explain these character to viewer relations. How do we cope with uncertainty with strangers or
acquaintances, vs. Additionally, people tend to find out the opponent’s opinion, as well as formulate
their own one about the other communicator. Making eye contact during conversations can create a
feeling of trust and understanding between people. Communication Studies, 50(4), 261. Kramer, M.
W. (2004). Managing Uncertainty in Organizational Communication. The theory outlines assumptions
about uncertainty and interpersonal communication, as well as two types of uncertainty - cognitive
and behavioral. Additionally, the subjective uncertainty reduction is often stimulated by the necessity
to find some logic and structure in the communicative strategy of the opponent, as it is stated in the
research by Kramer (2004). Uncertainty is high in initial interactions because individuals are not
aware of the beliefs and attitude of the other party. People appreciate being recognized and
complimented, which helps reduce uncertainty. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet
faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Therefore, the
uncertainty reduction theory can be helpful in identifying prejudices, authoritarian inclinations, and
communicative adaptability principles. This is also featured by the use of the behavioral norms,
commonly accepted within the society, while the character of the information exchanged (either
verbal or nonverbal) is often of the demographic or transactional nature. Interview conducted by Em
Griffin author of A First Look at Communication Theory. It is true that studying this theory would be
helpful for understanding the human relations through interpersonal communication. The theory is
concerned with how people communicate and how knowledge is shared and understood. Gestures
such as smiling, nodding, or putting your hand on someone’s shoulder can help reduce uncertainty
and create a feeling of comfort. Kuna, PsyD Mcm 380 Persuasive CommunicationProcessing
Persuasive Communi.docx Mcm 380 Persuasive CommunicationProcessing Persuasive
Communi.docx ARIV4 Chapter 8: Theories of Media Cognition and Information Processing (final
vers. As a rule, uncertainty reduction is not a conscious process; therefore, an individual can follow
the wrong communication path, and leave the uncertainty on the same level. Social penetration
theory involves the development of deeper intimacy, between the communicating parties, through a
mutual self-disclosure (Goleman and Boyatzis, 2004).
Kellerman and Reynolds 1990 pointed out that sometimes there are high level of uncertainty in
interaction that no one wants to reduce. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and
more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. The review process on Helpful
Professor involves having a PhD level expert fact check, edit, and contribute to articles. According to
the uncertainty reduction theory, low uncertainty increases the amount of discourse and decreases
information seeking. Uncertainty. To appreciate that all physical readings contain may contain errors
and hence there is uncertainty To be able to conduct basic uncertainty calculations To be able to use
key terms such as accurate, precise and reliable correctly. Finding Narratives at the Nexus: Telling
Stories About Our Work Can Help Us D. His twelve years of bondage proved how Black Americans
were. This stage is featured with the decisions whether the further relations will be developed.
Uncertainty reduction theory URT was originally created to explain the communication process that
occurs when two strangers interact. For example, asking someone about their favorite hobby or
where they grew up is a great way to reduce tensions. Attempts to explain behaviour after the
encounter itself. Goldsmith, D. (2001). A Normative Approach to the Study of Uncertainty and
Communication. Charles Berger notes that the beginnings of personal relationships are fraught with
uncertainties. Cite this Article in your Essay (APA Style) Drew, C. (February 22, 2023). An active
strategist would result to means of reducing uncertainties without any personal direct contact.
Furthermore, the initial interaction of strangers can be broken down into individual stages—the entry
stage, the personal stage, and the exit stage. Besides, it also helps them to develop a sense of trust
and form clearer expectations. Ad Enjoy low prices on earths biggest selection of books electronics
home apparel more. Report this Document Download now Save Save Uncertainty Reduction Theory
For Later 0 ratings 0% found this document useful (0 votes) 262 views 24 pages Uncertainty
Reduction Theory Uploaded by Beardy42 AI-enhanced description Uncertainty is perceived to be
uncomfortable and dissonant, prompting individuals to do what is necessary in order to return to
consonance. This simple act of exchanging names and basic information helps to create a level of
familiarity and comfort between them. This article has been rated as C-Class on the project's. He co-
edited the first edition of the Handbook of Communication Science with Steven H. Chaffee.
Uncertainty reduction is important for us in communication in order for us to predict the kind of
future relationship between us and the other person and their responses to our ways of
communication as well. Therefore, in accordance with the research by Knobloch and Solomon (1999)
this can be defined with the test, the key task of which is creating a particular story with the given
words and phrases. What Does it mean?. Making sense of who the other person is Used to gain
knowledge and create understanding Questioning Finding similarities and differences. Problems:
partial observability (road state, other drivers' plans, noisy sensors) uncertainty in action outcomes
(flat tire, etc.). After completing his undergraduate studies, he attended Michigan State University
where he received his M.A. and Ph.D. in Communication. Students should always cross-check any
information on this site with their course teacher. Conclusion The uncertainty reduction theory is
intended to explain the communication process between two communicators, or within a group of
people in the circumstances of the information lack. What are their values, beliefs, and opinions?”
(Costa, 2015).