Types of Conditionals

1. Conditional Sentence Type 0/ Zero Conditional

Conditional type zero is used to talk about general truths, scientific facts or things which always happen under certain
conditions.
Use:
The zero conditional is used to talk about things which are always true, scientific facts, general truths:

Examples:
If you cross an international date line, the time changes.
Condition (Dependent clause) + Main clause

Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air.

Main clause + Condition (Dependent clause)

When you eat too much, you get indigestion.

Condition + Main clause
NOTE:
You can also use "when" instead of "if".

2. Conditional Sentence Type 1/ First Conditional

Often called the "real" conditional because it is used for real or possible situations. These situations take place if a
certain condition is met. It is possible and very likely that the condition will be fulfilled
Use: Conditional Sentences Type 1 refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is
fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions
seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.

Examples:
If I have enough time, I will watch the football match. * I may have time to watch the match but I am not sure about it.

I will come to the party if I finish my work ahead of time. * I may come to the party but only if I finish work.

3. Conditional Sentence Type 2/ Second Conditional

Often called the "unreal" conditional because it is used for unreal impossible or improbable situations. This conditional
provides an imaginary result for a given situation. It is very unlikely that the condition will be fulfilled.

In conditional type 2, we usually use were" instead of "was" in the if clause " even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it.
"were" here is a subjunctive form.

NOTE "was" is also a possible form.

Example:
If I were a millionaire, I would buy a castle.
I would cook all sorts of food If I were a chef.

Use:
Conditional Sentences Type 2 refer to an action in the present that could happen if the present situation were different.
We don't really expect the situation to change because it is very unlikely.

Example:
If I were to have a lot of money, I would travel around the world.
If I were the president I would make all classrooms modern and air conditioned.

4. Conditional Sentence Type 3/ Third Conditional

It is impossible that the condition will be met because it refers to the past.
if + Past Perfect, + would + have + Past Participle
Past perfect = had+past participle = had shown

Use:
Conditional Sentences Type 3 refer to situations in the past. They express hypothetical results to past given situations.

Example:
If he had been careful, he wouldn't have had that terrible accident.
*Sometimes in the past, he was careless. He drove so fast. So he had a terrible accident

Things to remember
1. The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.

Examples:

"Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air."

Main clause + If clause

" I will send her an invitation if I find her address."

" I would travel around the world if I had a million dollars."
"He wouldn't have had that terrible accident if he had been careful."

2. Main clause and/or if clause might be negative.

Example:
If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.

Negative (do not)

If he had been careful, he wouldn't have had an accident.

Negative (would not have)

Activity: If…
A. Directions: Read and analyze the text.
Weekend Plans

Christine and Margaret are friends. They are both busy because they work and study, but every Wednesday they meet
for coffee.

"What are you going to do this weekend?" asks Margaret.

"Well, I have a big project to finish for my design class. But if I can finish it by Friday, I'll do something fun as a treat,"
says Christine.

"That sounds great!" replies Margaret. "I think the ballet is coming to town. If it isn't too expensive, I'm going to buy
tickets. Would you like to come?"

"Well, I don't really like ballet very much. If you want to go to the ballet in the evening, let's do something in the
morning," says Christine.

"All right. If you have the energy, let's go swimming!" suggests Margaret.

"That sounds great! If I don't call you on Friday, send me an email at work," agrees Christine. "And if I don't answer, call
me again. And if I don't pick up… oh, let's just make plans now! I'm too busy to plan later!"

B. Direction: List down all the conditionals found in the text

1. ______________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________

Activity: Go! Go! Go!

Complete the following sentences using the correct form of the verb provided in each sentence. Choose the correct
answer from the given choices.

A. Zero Conditional. Complete the following sentences with the verb in the brackets. Use Type 0 or Zero Conditional

If + Simple Present, + Simple Present Example:

If they are caught stealing, the guard (teach/teaches) them a lesson for their misbehavior.

1. If I am late for class, my teacher (gets/got) furious.

2. If Elsa (lose/loses) her map, she gets lost in her trip.
3. If you (study/studies) hard, you get good grades in school.
4. He always smiles when he (is/am) happy.
5. When you (make/makes) lots of noise, the librarian gets angry.

B. First Conditional. Complete the following sentences with the verb in the brackets. Use the Type 1 or First Conditional.
If + Simple Present, + Simple Future

1. If my uncle comes to visit, he (will give, will be given) us a present.

2. If If you don’t speak louder, no one (will hear/will be heard) you.
3. If it doesn’t rain, we (will go/will be) to the beach.
4. If you don’t try, you (will succeed/will not succeed)
5. My brother (will drive/will be driven) us to the cinema if we ask him.

C. Second Conditional. Complete the following sentences with the verb in the brackets. Use the Type 2 or Second
Conditional.

if + Simple Past, + would + base verb

1. If I had enough money, I (would buy/would bought) a big house.

2. She was happier if she (would meet/would met) more friends.
3. If I was a movie star, I (would marry/would married) someone famous.
4. If we bought a new car, we (would never be/will never be) late again.
5. If she studied more, she (would pass/would passed) the exam.

D. Third Conditional. Choose the correct verb tense in each of the following sentences. Write the letter of the correct
answer on the space provided. Use Type 3 or Third Conditional.
if + Past Perfect, + would + have + Past Participle

1. If Stephen had gone to the party, I ______ too.

a. would have gone
b. had gone
c. went
2. If you _____ me the money, I wouldn’t have bought the ticket.
a. hadn’t lent
b. didn’t lend
c. don’t lend
3. I wouldn’t have stayed at the hotel if you _____it to me.
a. hadn’t recommended
b. don’t recommend
c. didn’t recommend
4. She would have been hurt in the car accident if she _____ her seat belt.
 a. hadn’t worn
b. wouldn’t worn
c. didn’t wear
5. If you _____me, I would have helped you.
a. had asked
b. asked
c. ask

Activity: What is your type?

Directions: Identify the type of conditional sentence based on the verbs used. Write the letter of the Type of Conditional
Only.

A. Type 0
B. Type 1
C. Type 2
D. Type 3

1. If I had done what is right and just, I wouldn’t have lost her trust in me.
2. Her parents wouldn’t have believed her if she had told them the truth.
3. We would stay at the rooftop if the weather were better.
4. She would have moved to another apartment if she had found a better one.
5. I would have shared him my idea if he had asked.
6. If one loves his work, he feels good and content.
7. If you work hard, you will get promotion.
8. Dina would really be happy if her friends came to her party.
9. If we were less selfish, we would easily find self-satisfaction and happiness.
10 If you had not lived so far away, we would visit you more often.
11. Plans for the opening of the business fail if we don’t work together.
12. You will save electricity if you unplug all your appliances when not in use.
13. If you clean your room, then you will play Mobile Legends.
14. He would only cook expensive food if he invited his friends.
15. If only it were up to the decision of the opposition, they would free all their
accomplices from jail.