Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel and Copper in Acidic
Media Using Some Lebanese Plant Extracts
by
Leen Wajdi El Khatib
Thesis
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Master in Chemistry
Department of Chemistry
Faculty of Science
2020
Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel and Copper in Acidic
Media Using Some Lebanese Plant Extracts
by
Leen Wajdi El Khatib
Thesis
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Master in Chemistry
Department of Chemistry
Faculty of Science
Supervised by
Dr. Hanan Talal Rahal
Assistant Professor of Physical Chemistry
2020
Abstract
Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel and Copper in acidic Media
Using Some Lebanese Plant Extracts
Corrosion is a major industrial problem that attracts corrosion scientists and material
technologists because it causes great economic and material loss. Acids are widely employed
in various industrial procedures such as acid cleaning, pickling, descaling, and petrochemical
processes to remove oxides and undesirable substances from metal surfaces. Corrosion
prevention or reduction can be done using inhibitors. Plant extracts contain heteroatoms and π-
bonds that permit their adsorption on the metal surface hence slowing down the corrosion rate
and acting as corrosion inhibitors.
The aim of this work is to study the effect of the leaves extracts of some Lebanese plants
including Fragaria ananassa and Cucurbita pepo L on the corrosion of mild steel and copper
in 0.5 M HCl solution. The inhibition action of these plants leaves extracts was studied using
electrochemical studies including open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. Also, the effect of
temperature was studied and the activation parameters were calculated. Moreover, the
adsorption process of these extracts was studied by fitting the corrosion inhibition results to
the different adsorption isotherms. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and
Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (UV) were used to determine the major chemical composition of
these plants leaves extracts.
The results showed that the inhibition efficiency increases with the increase in the plants leaves
extracts’ concentration, but it decreases with the increase in temperature. Thermodynamic
parameters indicated that Fragaria ananassa and Cucurbita pepo L inhibited the corrosion of
both mild steel and copper through physical adsorption mechanism.
iv
Table of Contents
Acknowledgement .......................................................................................................................
Abstract .....................................................................................................................................iv
List of Tables .......................................................................................................................... vii
List of Figures ...........................................................................................................................ix
List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. xiii
Chapter 1 .................................................................................................................................... 1
Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Literature: ......................................................................................................................... 7
Chapter 2 .................................................................................................................................. 35
Experimental Techniques ........................................................................................................ 35
2.1. Electrochemical techniques for monitoring corrosion rates .......................................... 35
2.1.1. Solution Preparation ............................................................................................... 35
2.1.2. Electrochemical Studies ......................................................................................... 36
A. Electrodes ................................................................................................................. 37
B. Techniques ............................................................................................................... 39
Chapter 3 .................................................................................................................................. 41
Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................ 41
Part 1 .................................................................................................................................... 41
3.1. Effect of Fragaria ananassa and Cucurbita pepo L plants leaves extracts on the
corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl ........................................................... 41
3.1.1. Open Circuit Potential-Time (OCP) Measurements ............................................... 41
3.1.2. Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurements ........................................................ 42
3.1.3. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ............................................................. 46
3.1.4. Adsorption Isotherms ............................................................................................. 55
3.1.5. Activation Parameters............................................................................................. 61
v
3.1.5.i. Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurements................................................... 61
3.1.5.ii. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ...................................................... 64
3.1.6. Mechanism of Inhibition ........................................................................................ 69
Part 2 .................................................................................................................................... 73
3.2. Effect of Fragaria ananassa and Cucurbita pepo L plants leaves extracts on the
corrosion inhibition of copper in 0.5 M HCl ............................................................... 73
3.2.1 Open Circuit Potential-Time (OCP) Measurements ................................................ 73
3.2.2. Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurements ........................................................ 74
3.2.3. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ............................................................. 78
3.2.4. Adsorption Isotherms ............................................................................................. 83
3.2.5. Activation Parameters............................................................................................. 87
3.2.5.i. Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurements................................................... 87
3.2.6. Mechanism of Inhibition ........................................................................................ 91
Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 93
References ................................................................................................................................ 94
Accepted Article .................................................................................................................... 115
Summary ................................................................................................................................ 116
vi
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