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2023 EM1 hw1

This document provides an assignment on electromagnetism and vector calculus topics. It includes 12 problems covering vector algebra, vector decomposition, surface gradients, line integrals, vector differentiation rules, divergence and curl theorems, vector integration techniques, and curvilinear coordinate systems. Students are asked to solve problems involving properties of the Levi-Civita symbol and Kronecker delta, surface normal vectors, gradient calculations, vector line integrals, and transformations between Cartesian and curvilinear coordinates.

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15 views3 pages

2023 EM1 hw1

This document provides an assignment on electromagnetism and vector calculus topics. It includes 12 problems covering vector algebra, vector decomposition, surface gradients, line integrals, vector differentiation rules, divergence and curl theorems, vector integration techniques, and curvilinear coordinate systems. Students are asked to solve problems involving properties of the Levi-Civita symbol and Kronecker delta, surface normal vectors, gradient calculations, vector line integrals, and transformations between Cartesian and curvilinear coordinates.

Uploaded by

810003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electromagnetism (I)

Instructor: Jhih-Sheng Wu
Topics: Vector Algebra, Vector Calculus

Due Date: Sep 28 Thu 2023, 23:59


Assignment 1
Do Problems 1 to 6. All the problems may appear in the exam.

Problem 1 10 points algebra


Use the properties of the Levi-Civita symbol and Kronecker delta

δij = δji
ijk = jki = kij = −ikj = −kji = −jik
ijk imn = δjm δkn − δjn δkm

to do the followings in R3 .

(a) δii =? (e) δii δjj =?


(f) ijk ijm δkm =?
(b) δij δji =?
(g) ijk imn δjn δkm =?
(c) ikj ijk =?
(h) Show that
(d) ijj kki =? (A × B) · (C × D) = (A · C) (B · D) − (A · D) (B · C) .

Problem 2 10 points vector decomposition

(a) A and B are any two vectors. Show that

(B · A)A + (A × B) × A
B=
A2
and explain the geometric meaning of this expression.

(b) Calculate cos α, where α is the angle between A = (−2, 2, 5) and B = (6, −3, 8).

(c) Calculate sin α, where α is the angle between A = (−2, 2, 5) and B = (6, −3, 8).

Problem 3 20 points surface, gradient

(a) A surface is described by

f (x, y, z) = b,

where f (x, y, z) is a smooth function, and b is a constant. Show that ∇f (x, y, z) is normal
to the tangential plane at an arbitrary r = (x, y, z) on the surface.

(b) A surface is described by x2 + 2y 2 + 4z 2 = 7. Find the two points on the surface where the
normal vectors at these points are parallel to (1, 1, 1).

1
Problem 4 20 points gradient, line integral, fundamental theorem of gradient
The height of a mountain is given by
h30
h(x, y) = ,
x2 + y 2 + h20
where h0 = 1000 m.
(a) Calculate the slope |∇h(x, y)|. At which points are the slopes largest?
(b) Two groups of people climb the mountain with different strategies. Both groups start from
the position a = (1000 m, 0) and aim at the top b = (0, 0) The first group walks along Path
P1 (x-axis). Examine that along Path P1
Z b
∇h(x, y) · dl = h(0, 0) − h(1000, 0).
a
dl
What is the maximum slope along Path P1 ? The slope along a path is defined as ∇h(x, y) · dl
.
φ
(c) The other group goes along Path P2 , described by the equation s = l0 2π and l0 = 1000 m,
p
2 2
where s = x + y and φ = arctan(y/x) are the polar coordinates. What is the maximum
slope along Path P2 ? Examine that along Path P2
Z b
∇h(x, y) · dl = h(0, 0) − h(1000, 0).
a

Problem 5 20 points vector differentiation


Show that
(a)
∇ · (f A) = f ∇ · (A) + A · (∇f ).
(b)
∇ · (∇ × V) = 0.
(c)
∇ × (∇V ) = 0.
(d)
∇ × (∇ × V) = ∇(∇ · V) − ∇2 V.

Problem 6 20 points fundamental theorem for divergences


Test the divergence theorem. Let F(x, y, z) = (xy 2 , 0, 0).
(a) A sphere centered at (0, 0, 0) has the radius R = 1. Calculate
Z
∇ · F(x, y, z)dv
V
and Z
F(x, y, z) · da,
S
where V is the volume of the sphere and S is th surface of the sphere. Are the two results
equal?
(b) A cube centered at (0, 0, 0) has the edge length l = 1. Calculate
Z
∇ · F(x, y, z)dv
V
and Z
F(x, y, z) · da.
S
Are the two results equal?
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Problem 7 fundamental theorem for curls
Test the Stoke’s theorem. Let F(x, y, z) = (−y, x, −z 2 ).
(a) A disk centered at (0, 0, 0) in the x-y plane has the radius R = 1. Test that
Z I
∇ × F(x, y, z) · da = F(x, y, z) · dl
S P

(b) A hemisphere is described by x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 and z > 0. It has the same boundary as


Part (a), so that the line integral of the field F(x, y, z) along the boundary P is the same.
Show that the surface integral of ∇ × F(x, y, z) over the hemisphere is the same as that of
Part (a).

Problem 8 skills for vector integration, integration by parts


Show that
(a)
Z Z I
f (∇ × A) · da = [A × (∇f )] · da + f A · dl
S S P

(b)
Z Z I
B · (∇ × A)dv = A · (∇ × B)dv + (A × B) · da
V V S

Problem 9 curvilinear coordinates


Show that
(a) Express r, θ, φ in terms of x, y, z.
(b) Express s, φ, z in terms of x, y, z.
(c) Express r̂, θ̂, φ̂ in terms of ŝ, φ̂, ẑ.

Problem 10 fundamental theorem for curls


Griffiths Problem 1.57

Problem 11 curvilinear coordinates, differentiation

A particle of mass m moves along the helix P: s = R, φ = ωt, and z = vz t, where R, ω,


dv d2 r
and v are constants, and t is the time. Recall that F = ma = m = m 2.
dt dt
(a) Find the velocity as a function of t.
(b) Find the force on the particle as a function of t.
If you want to work out the problems with the cylindrical coordinates, note that the derivatives
of the unit vectors ŝ, φ̂, ẑ may not vanish.

Problem 12 curvilinear coordinates, integration

Find the volumes and surface areas of the following regions defined by
(a) r < R, 0 < θ < π/4, and 0 < φ < π. Sketch the shape.
 2

(b) 0 < s < R, z = h0 1 − Rs 2 , and 0 < φ < 2π. Sketch the shape.

Extras Griffiths 1.22, 1.32, 1.44,1.45, 1.50, 1.54


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