BASIC CONVERSION FACTORS

LENGTH 1
1 𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 𝑔𝑎𝑙
8
1 𝑚 = 3.28 𝑓𝑡
1 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑖𝑛 = 66 𝑓𝑡
MASS
1 𝑓𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑚 = 6 𝑓𝑡
1 𝑘𝑔 = 2.205 𝑙𝑏𝑚
1 𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑡 = 3 ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑠
1 𝑙𝑏 = 7000 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑠
1 𝑓𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 = 660 𝑓𝑡
1 𝑔𝑎𝑚𝑚𝑎 = 1 𝜇𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠
1 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒 = 5280 𝑓𝑡
1 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 1 𝑘𝑔
1 𝑛𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒 = 6080 𝑓𝑡
𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑘𝑔
1 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑚 = 3 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑠
1 𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒 = 20 𝑓𝑡
1 𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑇𝑜𝑛 (𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒) = 1000 𝑘𝑔 = 2205 𝑙𝑏
1 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛 = 9 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑠
1 𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑇𝑜𝑛 = 2000 𝑙𝑏 = 907 𝑘𝑔
1 𝑦𝑎𝑟𝑑 = 3 𝑓𝑡
1 𝐿𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑇𝑜𝑛 = 2240 𝑙𝑏 = 1016 𝑘𝑔
1 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒 = 1.609 𝑘𝑚
1 𝑘𝑖𝑝 = 1000 𝑙𝑏𝑚
1 𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 100 𝑘𝑔
AREA
1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 = 32.2 𝑙𝑏𝑚
1 𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 100 𝑚2
1 𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑒 = 14 𝑙𝑏𝑚
1 𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑒 = 1 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑥 1 𝑓𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔
1 𝑏𝑜𝑎𝑟𝑑 = 1 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ 𝑥 1 𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑡
FORCE
1 ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 10,000 𝑚2
𝑚
1 𝑁 = 1 𝑘𝑔 ∙
𝑠2
VOLUME 𝑐𝑚
1 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒 = 1 𝑔 ∙ 2 = 10−5 𝑁
𝑠
1 𝑏𝑏𝑙 = 42 𝑔𝑎𝑙
1 𝑘𝑔𝑓 = 9.81 𝑁
1 𝑑𝑟𝑢𝑚 = 55 𝑔𝑎𝑙
1 𝑙𝑏𝑓 = 4.449 𝑁
1 𝑏𝑜𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑡 = 1 𝑓𝑡 𝑥 1 𝑓𝑡 𝑥 1 𝑖𝑛
1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 = 32.2 𝑙𝑏𝑚
1 𝑓𝑡 3 = 7.481 𝑔𝑎𝑙
𝑓𝑡
1 𝑚3 = 1000 𝐿 1 𝑙𝑏𝑓 = 1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 ∙
𝑠2
1 𝑔𝑎𝑙 = 3.785 𝐿 𝑓𝑡
3 = 32.2 𝑙𝑏𝑚 ∙
1 𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑑𝑎 = 1 𝑚𝑚 𝑠2
1 = 32.2 𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑙
1 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑡 = 𝑔𝑎𝑙
4

Prepared by: Engr. ARASG

 𝑓𝑡 1 𝑏𝑎𝑟 = 100 𝑘𝑃𝑎
1 𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑙 = 1 𝑙𝑏𝑚 ∙
𝑠2

POWER
ENERGY
1 𝐻𝑃 (𝑀𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙) = 0.746 𝑘𝑊
1 𝐵𝑇𝑈 = 1.055 𝑘𝐽
𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓
= 33,000 ⁄
= 778 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓⁄
= 550 𝑠
1𝐽 = 1𝑁−𝑚 = 2545 𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ𝑟
1 𝑒𝑟𝑔 = 1 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒 − 𝑐𝑚
= 42.42 𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄𝑚𝑖𝑛
= 10−7 𝐽

1 𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝐻𝑃 = 0.736 𝑘𝑊
1 𝐶𝑎𝑙 = 4.187 𝐽
𝑚
−19 1 𝑃𝑆 (𝑝𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒) = 75 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∙
1 𝑒𝑉 = 1 .602 𝑥 10 𝐽 𝑠
1 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 105 𝐵𝑇𝑈 = 0.736 𝑘𝑊
1 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑 = 1015 𝐵𝑇𝑈
9 𝐽
1 𝐶𝐻𝑈 = 𝐵𝑇𝑈 1 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡 (𝑊) = 1
5 𝑠
= 1 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒
PRESSURE
1 𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 101.325 𝑘𝑃𝑎 TEMPERATURE
= 14.7 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑪𝒆𝒍𝒔𝒊𝒖𝒔, 𝑪
= 760 𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔 𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 0
= 760 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟 𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 100
= 29.92 𝑖𝑛𝐻𝑔
= 0 𝑘𝑃𝑎𝑔 𝑭𝒂𝒉𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒕, 𝑭

𝑘𝑔 𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 32
= 1.032
𝑐𝑚2 𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 212
= 10.33 𝑚𝐻2 𝑂
= 33.88 𝑓𝑡𝐻2 𝑂 𝑹𝒆𝒂𝒖𝒎𝒖𝒓, 𝑹𝒆
= 1.01325 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 0
𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 80

Prepared by: Engr. ARASG

𝑹𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒓, 𝑹𝒐 𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄 𝑯𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝑹𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐, 𝒌
𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 7.5 𝑘𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.4
𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 60
𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄 𝑮𝒂𝒔 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕, 𝑹
𝑵𝒆𝒘𝒕𝒐𝒏, 𝑵 𝑘𝐽
𝑅𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 0.287
𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝐾
𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 0
𝑙𝑏𝑓 − 𝑓𝑡
𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 33 = 53.34
𝑙𝑏𝑚 ∙ 𝑅

𝑫𝒆𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒍𝒆, 𝑫
̅
𝑼𝒏𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔𝒂𝒍 𝑮𝒂𝒔 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕, 𝑹
𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 150
𝑘𝐽
𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡: 0 𝑅̅ = 8.3143
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 ∙ 𝐾
𝑙𝑏𝑓 − 𝑓𝑡
= 1545
CONSTANTS 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 ∙ 𝑅
𝐿 − 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄 𝑯𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑨𝒊𝒓 = 0.0821
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 ∙ 𝐾
𝑘𝐽
𝐶𝑝 = 1.0062
𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝐾
𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓, 𝝆𝒘
𝐵𝑇𝑈
= 0.24 𝑘𝑔
𝑙𝑏 ∙ 𝑅 𝜌𝑤 = 1000
𝑚3
𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝐽 =1
𝐶𝑣 = 0.7186 𝐿
𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝐾
𝑙𝑏𝑚
𝐵𝑇𝑈 = 62.4
= 0.171 𝑓𝑡 3
𝑙𝑏 ∙ 𝑅
𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑡 4°𝐶

𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄 𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓, 𝜸𝒘

𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝑨𝒊𝒓, 𝝆𝒂𝒊𝒓
𝑘𝑁 𝑁
𝛾𝑤 = 9.810 3 = 9810 3 𝑘𝑔
𝑚 𝑚 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.2
𝑙𝑏𝑓 𝑚3
= 62.4 𝑙𝑏𝑚
𝑓𝑡 3 = 0.075
𝑓𝑡 3

𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄 𝑮𝒓𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚, 𝑺𝑮
𝑆𝐺𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 1.00
Prepared by: Engr. ARASG
𝑺𝑻𝑷 (𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝑻𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆)
𝑇 = 21°𝐶
𝑃 = 101.325 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄 𝑯𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓

𝑘𝐽
𝐶𝑝𝑤 = 4.187
𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝐾
𝐵𝑇𝑈
= 1.0
𝑙𝑏𝑚 ∙ 𝑅

𝐶𝑣𝑤 = 𝐶𝑝𝑤

𝑳𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑯𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑭𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏

𝑘𝐽 𝐵𝑇𝑈
𝐿𝑓 = 335 = 144
𝑘𝑔 𝑙𝑏𝑚

𝑳𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑯𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑽𝒂𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

𝑘𝐽 𝐵𝑇𝑈
𝐿𝑣 = 2257 = 970.3
𝑘𝑔 𝑙𝑏𝑚

Prepared by: Engr. ARASG