TO MAKE FLIP FLOP LED FLASHER CIRCUIT USING

TRANSISTOR BC547
MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
M. RAHUL KUMAR
(URK19EC2008)

Under the Guidance of

SUGANTHI EVANGELINE
M.E.,ph.D

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

KARUNYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
(Deemed to be university)

Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore - 641 114. INDIA March 2022

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 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the mini project report entitled, “To make Flip flop
LED flasher circuit using transistor BC547” is a bonafide record of
work of the candidate who carried out the project work under my
supervision during the academic year 2021-2022

M.RAHUL KUMAR(URK19EC2008)

Ms.Suganthi Dr. D. Nirmal

evangline Head of the department
SUPERVISOR

Submitted for the Half Semester Viva Voce examination held on ……………………….

……………………….
(Internal Examiner)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I would like to thank Almighty God for all the blessings He has
bestowed upon us to work thus far and finish this project. I are grateful to our most respected
founder (late) Dr. D.G.S. Dhinakaran, C.A.I.I.B, Ph.D., and honorable chancellor Dr. Paul
Dhinakaran, M.B.A, Ph.D., for their grace and blessing.

I express our gratitude to the Vice Chancellor Dr. P. Mannar Jawahar, Ph.D., Pro
Vice Chancellor Dr. Ridling Margarat Waller, Ph.D., Pro Vice Chancellor Dr. E. J. James
and the Registrar Dr. R. Elijah Blessing, Ph.D., Karunya University, for their enduring
leadership.

I extend my thanks to our Dean, School of Engineering and Technology, Dr. Prince
Arul Raj, Ph.D., Karunya University, for his excellent encouragements in course of this
work.

I am very thankful to Dr. D. Nirmal Professor & Head i/c, Department of Electronics
and Communication Engineering for providing his constant readiness in providing help and
encouragement at all stages in my project.

My sincere and special thanks to my guide, Suganthi Evangeline,M.E.,phD, for her

immense help and guidance. I would like to extend a thankful heart for her constant support
through the entire project.

I would take this opportunity to thank our Augestine Fletcher ,M.E.,phD, who had
been always there for us. I would like to convey gratitude to my Parents whose prayers and
blessings were always there with me. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my Friends
and Others who directly or indirectly helped in successful completion of this work.

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 ABSTRACT

we are demonstrating the circuit operation of the flip flop LED flasher.
A fascinating schematic of this flashing circuit is shown above. The circuit
requires few low-cost components which are easily accessible in the market.
The circuit is a flip flop flashing circuit which starts flashing LEDs
individually when power is applied. This LED flasher circuit can be worked
with a voltage of 3.7 volts, you can likewise change the voltage of the circuit
as per your requirement. Just you need to change the estimations of the
current limiting resistors. The flashing rate of the circuit can be expanded or
diminished by changing the estimations of R1 and R2 which are 10k. C1
which is 220µF, and C2 which is also 220µF. The circuit is utilizing two
broadly useful transistors which are named as BC547 NPN transistors.

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 CONTENTS

Chapter Page No

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................... 3

ABSTRACT.............................................................................. 4

LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................. 7

LIST OF TABLES …………………………………………… 8

1. INTRODUCTION

FLIP FLOP LED FLASHER CIRCUIT............................ 8

OBJECTIVE ........................................................................ 8

LITERATURE SURVEY .................................................. 8

2.COMPONENTS REQUIRED .................................................... 10

3.WORKING …….......................................................................... 13

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4.APPLICATIONS…………………………………………………14

5.RESULTS……………………………………………………..……15

6.CONCLUSION……………………..………………………………16

REFERENCES …………………..…………..……………………16

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Description Page No.

2.1 Components 10

3.1 Circuit Diagram 11

3.2 When led 1 is on 12

3.3 When led 2 is on 12

6.1 Output 1 15

6.2 Output 2 15

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 LIST OF TABLES

S.no Components value Quantity

1 Transistor BC547 2

2 Resistor 10K 2

3 Capacitor 220µF 2

4 Led - 2

5 Battery 3.7V 1

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 CHAPTER-1

1. INTRODUCTION :

To make Flip flop LED flasher circuit using transistorBC547.

In this section, we are demonstrating the circuit operation of the flip flop
LED flasher. A fascinating schematic of this flashing circuit is shown above.
The circuit requires few low-cost components which are easily accessible in the
market. The circuit is a flip flop flashing circuit which starts flashing LEDs
individually when power is applied. This LED flasher circuit can be worked
with a voltage of 3.7 volts. Just you need to change the estimations of the
current limiting resistors. The flashing rate of the circuit can be expanded or
diminished by changing the estimations of R1 and R2 which are 10k. C1 which
is 220µF, and C2 which is also 220µF. The circuit is utilizing two broadly
useful transistors which are named as BC547 NPN transistors.

1.1 OBJECTIVE :

This circuit is actually an astable multi-vibrator which starts blinking leds

one by one when power is applied. This circuit can be operated with any 6-12v
voltage source. You can also operate the circuit by changing the values of the
current limiting resistors R1 and R4 to 390 ohms.

1.2 LITERATURE SURVEY:

I like this a dual-LED flasher circuit. Someone calls a blinking LED

circuit. They have two LEDs flash alternately.There are many ways to flash
LEDs on and off using transistors. We may call it that Free Running
Multivibrator.It works like Flip Flop that triggers itself repeatedly.

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 CHAPTER-2

2. COMPONENTS REQUIRED:

• Resistors (10K – 2 & 470 ohm - 2)

• Capacitor 100 µf – 2
• Breadboard 830 pt. – 1
• Transistor BC547 - 2
• Single stand wire 2mt – 1
• Led 5 mm – 2
• 9v Battery - 1
• Battery snapper – 1

Fig 2.1 Components

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 CHAPTER-3

3. HARDWARE SIMULATION :

Fig 3.1 Circuit Diagram

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Fig 3.2 When led 1 is on

Fig 3.3 When led 2 is on

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 CHAPTER-4

4. WORKING :

• Attach both transistor Q1 and Q2 to the breadboard

• Connect 10K Resistor R3 to the Base terminal of the Transistor Q1 and
the other leg of resistor to the different column for further connection.
• Connect Another 10K Resistor R4 to the transistor Q2 similarly.
• Connect both the rest terminals of 10K resistor with hook up wire.
• Connect negative leg of the 100uf capacitor C1 to the base terminal of
transistor Q1.
• Similarly connect the another 100uf capacitor to transistor Q2.
• Connect 470-ohm Resistor R1 to the transistor Q1and the other terminal
to the different column.
• Connect 470-ohm resistor R2 to the transistor Q2 similarly.
• Connect positive Terminal of Led 1 to the Rest terminal of 10k Resistor
R3 which is directly connected to the transistor Q1.
• Connect the Led 2 Similarly.
• Connect Emitter pin of Transistor Q1 to the Collector pin of Transistor
Q2.
• Connect collector pin of transistor Q1 to the positive terminal of 100uf
capacitor C2.
• Connect Emitter pin of Transistor Q2 to the positive leg of 100 uf
Capacitor C1.
• Now connect the positive terminal of battery to the positive terminal of
led 2 and the negative terminal to collector pin of transistor Q1.

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 CHAPTER-5

5.APPLICATIONS:

Applications of BC547 transistor include the following.

• This BC547 transistor is used general-purpose, widely used and it is used

as an alternative as well as a substitute to different kinds of transistors.
Thus, it can use in different electronic circuits

• The utmost transition frequency of BC547 is 300MHz so that it will

perform well within RF circuits.

• Amplification of current

• Audio Amplifiers

• Switching Loads < 100mA

• Transistor Darlington Pairs

• Drivers like an LED driver, Relay Driver, etc.

• Amplifiers like Audio, signal, etc..

• Darlington pair

• Quick switching

• PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)

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These transistors are used to build various electrical and electronic circuits
which include the following.

• Alarm circuits

• LED flasher circuit

• Water level indicator

• Sensor-based circuits

• Audio Preamp circuits

• RF Circuits

• Touch-sensitive switch circuit

• Heat sensor circuit

• Moisture sensitive alarm

• Latch circuit

• Street light circuit

• Relay driver based on one channel

• Indication of volume level

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 CHAPTER-6

6.RESULTS :

Fig 6.1 Output 1

Fig 6.2 Output 2

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 CHAPTER-7

7.CONCLUSION :

All in all, LED Flasher Circuit with LDR is a great project for beginners.
And the circuit is easy to construct. And with all basic all components anyone
can make the circuit in the home. So that’s why the circuit is very helpful for
Hobbyists.You can also read another article about Simple Inverter Circuit this is
also very easy to construct.

8.REFERENCE :

1. Wikipedia

2. https://rees52.com

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