COMMUNICATION MODELS

MODULE 1
Instructor : Salirick S. Andres
Course : GEC 005 Purposive Communication
2 Intended learning outcomes
Explain the nature of language.

Discuss the communication perspectives.

Analyze the different types of communication.

Evaluate the principles in communication.

Assess the impact of communication on globalization.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts
3 What is an ideal model of communication?
Mapping the Elements of Communication

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Models of Communication
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 According to Mortensen (2008),

the communication model is a
systematic representation of an
object or event in an idealized
and abstract form.
 To help us understand how the
process works and knowing the
flow of communication will make
the communication more
effective.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Aristotle’s Communication Model
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 The speaker is the center of

the communication process.
 This is also known as
the linear communication
model.
 The speaker delivers the
message to the audience.
 Aristotle emphasized that
there are three variables in
the communication
process: speaker,
speech, and audience.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Laswell’s Communication Model
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 Harold Dwight Laswell described

communication as being focused on
the following W’s:
 Who says What in Which channel
to Whom and with What effect.
 The whole process of
communication begins with the
communicator (who) sending out a
message (what) using a medium (in
which channel) for a receiver (to
whom) experiencing an effect (with
what effect) afterward.
GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts
 Shannon – Weaver’s Communication Model
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 The Shannon and Weaver

Model of Communication argues
that human communication can be
broken down into 6 key concepts:
➢ sender, encoder, channel,
noise, decoder, and receiver.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 David Berlo’s Communication Model
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 This model is most probably the

most well - known among the
communication models.
 Initially, this model was called
SMCR which stands for the
sender of the message sent
through a channel or medium to
a receiver.
 The major variables involved in
the communication process are
(1) source (2) message (3)
channel and (4) receiver.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

9 Elements of Communication
The communication process at work…

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Elements of Communication
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Source Message
 The source comes up with an  The message is the
idea and sends a message in information or subject matter
order to share information the source is intending to
with others. share.
 This is also known as the  The information may be an
Sender. opinion, feelings, instructions,
 The source could be one other requests, or suggestions
person or a group of people.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Elements of Communication
11

Channel Receiver
 The source may encode  The receiver is the person for
information in the form of words, whom the message is intended.
images, sounds, body language,  This person is charged with
and more. decoding the message in an
 There are many definitions and attempt to understand the
categories of communication intentions of the source.
channels to describe their role in
the communication process,
including verbal, non-verbal,
written, and digital

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Elements of Communication
12

Environment Context
 The environment is the physical  The context is the setting, scene,
and psychological space in which and psychological and
communication is happening psychosocial expectations of the
(Mclean, 2005). source and the receiver(s)
 It might also describe if the (McLean, 2005).
space is formal or informal. In  This is strongly linked to the
our example above, it is the expectations of those who are
coffee shop you and your friend sending the message and those
are visiting in. who are receiving the message

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Elements of Communication
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Feedback Interference
 This is the effect, the impact, the  There are many kinds of
result, and the outcome of interference (also called “noise”)
communication. that inhibit effective
 This element spells the success or communication.
failure of the communication  Interference may include poor
process. audio quality or too much sound,
poor image quality, too much or
too little light, attention, etc.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Classifications of Noise
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Noise

Mechanical Physical Physiological Psychological Syntactic Semantic Cultural Organizational

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Classifications of Noise
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 Mechanical noise has  Physical noise is the

something to do with external sound and
machines. other distractions
found in the physical
environment

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Classifications of Noise
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• Physiological noise  Psychological noise

refers to illness, refers to the abnormal
condition, and other mental and
bodily disorder that psychological state of
affects both sender and the communicators which
receiver adversely affects their
communicative
competency.
GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts
 Classifications of Noise
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• Syntactic noise refers • Semantic noise refers

to the errors in the to the misinterpretation
syntactic features of of the meanings being
the message being conveyed in the course
delivered of communication.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 Classifications of Noise
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• Cultural noise may come • Organizational noise

in the form of cultural pertains to the
biases and prejudices disruptive and highly
which clouds the judgmental notion of
judgments of the some organization
participants of members who look down
communication on other organizations
while elevating their
own.
GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts
 In summary
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✓ The models of communication are the attempts to lay down the

scientific study of human communication processes.
✓ Communication comes in various shapes and forms, but the
elements involved remain constant.
✓ We cannot eliminate noise, but we can maximize the elements
in order to practice communication at optimum levels.

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts

 See you next time!
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Check your Canvas regularly (Messages, Announcements, etc.)

Submit the tasks on time (Assignments, Discussions, Quizzes)

Message me if needed (Canvas Inbox)

Enjoy your online classes and stay safe always!

GEC 005 Purposive Communication | Salirick S. Andres | College of Arts