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Questions and Answers for Visual Testing (VT)

2. What are the primary applications of VT in NDT? - VT is used for the inspection of welds, castings, forgings, and various
industrial components.

3. What is the role of a visual inspector in VT? - To visually assess the object's surface for defects, discontinuities, or
irregularities.

4. What is the difference between direct and remote visual inspection in VT? - Direct inspection is done in close
proximity, while remote inspection uses cameras and equipment to examine objects from a distance.

5. What is the primary objective of a visual inspection? - To identify surface defects, discontinuities, and structural
anomalies.

6. What is the significance of surface preparation in VT? - Properly prepared surfaces make it easier to detect defects and
irregularities.

7. What are common visual inspection tools used in VT? - Flashlights, magnifying glasses, borescopes, and endoscopes.

8. What is the purpose of a visual inspection report in VT? - To document the findings of the inspection and any defects
found.

9. What are the types of surface defects that can be detected using VT? - Cracks, porosity, inclusions, corrosion, and weld
discontinuities.

10. What is the importance of proper lighting in VT? - Adequate lighting ensures that defects and anomalies are clearly
visible.

11. How is the cleanliness of a surface determined in VT? - By assessing the absence of contaminants, such as grease, oil,
or paint.

12. What is the role of a borescope in VT? - To inspect the internal surfaces of objects with limited access.

13. What are the key characteristics of a good visual inspector in VT? - Attention to detail, patience, and a thorough
understanding of inspection procedures.

14. What is the purpose of a UV light source in VT? - To enhance the visibility of certain types of defects, such as
fluorescent penetrant indications.

15. What is the difference between visual examination and visual inspection in VT? - Visual examination is a broader
term that includes visual inspection as one of its methods.

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16. What is the role of a template or grid in visual inspection? - To help assess the size and location of defects on the
surface.

17. What is the difference between surface condition and surface cleanliness in VT? - Surface condition refers to the
physical state of the material, while surface cleanliness pertains to the absence of contaminants.

18. How can a visual inspector assess the depth of a surface crack in VT? - By using techniques like shadow projection or
magnification.

19. What is the purpose of a remote-controlled camera system in VT? - To inspect objects in hazardous or hard-to-reach
areas.

20. What is the importance of documentation in VT? - Proper documentation provides a historical record of inspections
and helps in making informed decisions.

21. What is the role of an inspection checklist in VT? - To ensure that all necessary steps and criteria are followed during
an inspection.

22. What is a weld profile gauge, and how is it used in VT? - It is used to measure and assess the geometry and
dimensions of welds.

23. What is a pinhole detector, and where is it commonly used in VT? - A pinhole detector is used to identify small holes
or breaches in coatings, such as tank linings.

24. What is the significance of edge retention in VT? - It helps to maintain the protective coating along the edges of a
substrate.

25. What is the purpose of a scribe or dye penetrant in VT? - To mark defects or cracks for further evaluation or repair.

26. What is a holiday in coatings, and how is it detected in VT? - A holiday is a gap or discontinuity in a protective coating,
often detected using holiday detectors.

27. What is the role of a pit gauge in VT? - To measure the depth and size of pits or surface corrosion.

28. What is a visual acuity test in VT, and why is it important? - It assesses the visual sharpness and acuity of inspectors
to ensure their ability to detect small defects.

29. How does an inspector assess the quality of a weld in VT? - By examining the weld bead, penetration, and the
absence of defects like cracks and porosity.

30. What is the purpose of a high-intensity flashlight in VT? - To enhance visibility in low-light or confined spaces.

31. What is a pull-off adhesion tester, and where is it commonly used in VT? - It measures the adhesion strength of
coatings to a substrate, often used in corrosion protection.

32. What are typical defects in welds that visual inspectors look for in VT? - Cracks, undercut, overlap, porosity, and
incomplete fusion.

33. What is the significance of contrast paint in VT? - It is used to enhance the visibility of surface defects and
irregularities.

34. How is surface roughness measured in VT? - Using instruments like profilometers or roughness comparison
specimens.

35. What is the purpose of a visual inspection qualification in VT? - To demonstrate an inspector's competence and
understanding of inspection procedures.

36. What is a calibrated reference standard in VT, and why is it used? - It is a known defect or anomaly used to calibrate
equipment and verify inspector proficiency.

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37. What is the role of a video recording system in VT? - To capture and document the inspection process for future
reference and analysis.

38. What is the procedure for assessing the cleanliness of a surface in VT? - Cleanliness is often assessed visually by
ensuring the absence of contaminants or residue.

39. What are the key safety considerations for visual inspectors in VT? - Using appropriate personal protective
equipment (PPE) and following safety procedures.

40. How can an inspector verify the quality of a protective coating on a surface? - By checking for uniformity, adhesion,
and the absence of holidays or defects.

41. What is the purpose of a surface replica in VT? - It is used to create a mold of the surface, allowing for detailed
inspection and analysis.

42. What is the role of an inspection mirror in VT? - To inspect objects or components in confined spaces or areas with
limited access.

43. What is the significance of a grit blasting profile in VT? - It ensures that a proper surface profile is created for effective
coating adhesion.

44. What is the difference between a wet film thickness gauge and a dry film thickness gauge in VT? - A wet film
thickness gauge measures coating thickness while the coating is wet, and a dry film thickness gauge measures it after
drying.

45. What are the advantages of using a remote-controlled vehicle for visual inspection in VT? - It can access hard-to-
reach areas, improving safety and efficiency.

46. What is the purpose of a bolt thread gage in VT? - To assess the condition and dimensions of threaded components.

47. What is the role of an adhesion test tape in VT? - It is used to assess the adhesion of coatings by applying and
removing it from the surface.

48. How is corrosion assessed in visual inspection? - By examining the extent of pitting, scaling, and surface degradation.

49. What is the significance of a compass or inclinometer in VT? - To determine the alignment and angles of components
or structures.

50. What is the procedure for visual inspectors to report and document their findings in VT? - Findings are typically
recorded in a report that includes photographs, descriptions of defects, location, and recommended actions.

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