γM ≔ 1.

NEd ≔ 300 kN HEd ≔ 7 kN L≔6 m dd ≔ 12 mm Climate class:2

b ≔ 405 mm w ≔ 215 mm γM ≔ 1.25 γM0 ≔ 1.3
fuk ≔ 600 MPa
kg
ρk ≔ 410 ―― ρmean ≔ 1.2 ⋅ ρk γM.c ≔ 1.3 t1 ≔ 49 mm t2 ≔ 97 mm
m3
fv.g.k ⋅ kmod
Emean ≔ 12600 MPa kmod ≔ 0.9 fv.g.k ≔ 3.2 MPa fv.g.Rd ≔ ―――― = 2.215 MPa
γM0
kmod ⋅ fc.0.k
fc.0.k ≔ 24 MPa fc.0.d ≔ ―――― = 17.28 MPa fm.k ≔ 28 MPa
γM
1) Rotational stiffnes
kmod ⋅ fm.k
fm.d ≔ ―――― = 20.16 MPa
((b)) - 20 ⋅ dd γM
ds ≔ ――――= 82.5 mm
2
⎛ 2⎞ ⎛ 2⎞
x ≔ ⎝14 ⋅ ⎛⎝6 ⋅ dd + ds⎞⎠ ⎠ + ⎝8 ⋅ ⎛⎝6 dd⎞⎠ ⎠ = ⎛⎝3.757 ⋅ 10 5 ⎞⎠ mm 2

⎛ 2⎞ ⎛ 2⎞ ⎛ 2⎞ ⎛ 2⎞
y ≔ ⎝10 ⋅ ⎛⎝18 ⋅ dd⎞⎠ ⎠ + ⎝4 ⋅ ⎛⎝6 ⋅ dd⎞⎠ ⎠ + ⎝4 ⋅ ⎛⎝12 ⋅ dd⎞⎠ ⎠ + ⎝6 ⋅ ⎛⎝24 ⋅ dd⎞⎠ ⎠ = ⎛⎝1.068 ⋅ 10 6 ⎞⎠ mm 2

Ssr ≔ x + y = ⎛⎝1.444 ⋅ 10 6 ⎞⎠ mm 2
1.5
⎛ m3 ⎞ 1
2 ⋅ 4 ⋅ ⎜ρmean ⋅ ―― ⎟ ⋅ dd ⋅ ―
⎝ kg ⎠ m kN kN
kser ≔ ―――――――――⋅ ―― = 15.183 ――
3 ⋅ 23 mm mm

kr ≔ kser ⋅ Ssr = ⎛⎝2.192 ⋅ 10 4 ⎞⎠ kN ⋅ m

2) Second order bending moment and center of dowel group

Emean
Ed ≔ ―― = 10.08 GPa
γM
w ⋅ b3
Iy ≔ ―― = ⎛⎝1.19 ⋅ 10 9 ⎞⎠ mm 4
12
Guess Values

β≔2
Constraints

Ed ⋅ Iy π ⎛π⎞
1 ＝ ――― ⋅ ―⋅ tan ⎜―⎟
kr ⋅ L β ⎝β⎠
Solver

β1 ≔ 1.05 ⋅ find ((β)) = 2.29

Non-Commercial Use Only

 Guess
Constraints
Ed ⋅ Iy π ⎛π⎞
1 ＝ ――― ⋅ ―⋅ tan ⎜―⎟
kr ⋅ L β ⎝β⎠

Solver
β1 ≔ 1.05 ⋅ find ((β)) = 2.29

β1 = 2.29

π 2 ⋅ Ed ⋅ Iy
Ncr ≔ ―――― = 626.938 kN
2
⎛⎝β1 ⋅ L⎞⎠

HEd ⋅ L 3 HEd ⋅ L 2
v1 ≔ ―――+ ―――= 53.507 mm Beam and coloumns
3 ⋅ Ed ⋅ Iy kr

1
v2 ≔ v1 ⋅ ―――= 102.605 mm
NEd
1 - ――
Ncr

MII ≔ HEd ⋅ L + v2 ⋅ NEd = 72.782 kN ⋅ m

3) Resultant force on dowels

HEd
FH.x.Ed ≔ ―― = 0.269 kN
26

NEd
FN.y.Ed ≔ ―― = 11.538 kN
26

The upper right dowel:

MII ⋅ 24 ⋅ dd
FM.x.Ed.1 ≔ ――――= 14.52 kN
Ssr

MII ⋅ 6 ⋅ dd
FM.y.Ed.1 ≔ ―――― = 3.63 kN
Ssr

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
FEd.1 ≔ ⎛⎝FM.x.Ed.1 + FH.x.Ed⎞⎠ + ⎛⎝FM.y.Ed.1 + FN.y.Ed⎞⎠ = 21.185 kN

⎛ ⎛⎝FM.y.Ed.1 + FN.y.Ed⎞⎠ ⎞
α1 ≔ ((90 ⋅ deg )) - atan ⎜――――――― ⎟ = 44.275 deg Take 90 - atan because the grain is
⎜⎝ ⎛⎝FM.x.Ed.1 + FH.x.Ed⎞⎠ ⎟⎠ perp to the dowels
The dowel on the right of the one
in the upper right corner one row
under:
MII ⋅ 18 ⋅ dd
FM.x.Ed.2 ≔ ――――= 10.89 kN
Ssr
MII ⋅ ⎛⎝6 ⋅ dd + ds⎞⎠
FM.y.Ed.2 ≔ ―――――― = 7.79 kN
Ssr
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
FEd.2 ≔ ⎛⎝FM.x.Ed.2 + FH.x.Ed⎞⎠ + ⎛⎝FM.y.Ed.2 + FN.y.Ed⎞⎠ = 22.318 kN

⎛ ⎛⎝FM.y.Ed.2 + FN.y.Ed⎞⎠ ⎞
α2 ≔ ((90 ⋅ deg )) - atan ⎜――――――― ⎟ = 30.001 deg Take 90 - atan because the grain is
⎜⎝ ⎛⎝FM.x.Ed.2 + FH.x.Ed⎞⎠ ⎟⎠ perp to the dowels

Non-Commercial Use Only

 4) Dowel resistance:

⎛ fuk ⎞ ⎛ dd ⎞ 2.6
My.Rk ≔ 0.3 ⋅ ⎜――⎟ ⋅ ⎜―― ⎟ ⋅ N ⋅ mm = 115.118 kN ⋅ mm P.49 Design of Timber 2
⎝ MPa ⎠ ⎝ mm ⎠

⎛ 0.01 ⋅ dd ⎞ ⎛ m3 ⎞
fh.0.k ≔ 0.082 ⋅ ⎜1 - ――― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜ρk ⋅ ―― ⎟ ⋅ MPa = 29.586 MPa P.49 Design of Timber 2
⎝ mm ⎠ ⎝ kg ⎠

0.015 ⋅ dd
k90 ≔ 1.35 + ―――― = 1.53 P.49 Design of Timber 2
mm

fh.0.k
fh.α1.k ≔ ――――――――― = 23.512 MPa
2 2
k90 ⋅ ⎛⎝sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠⎞⎠ + cos ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠

fh.0.k
fh.α2.k ≔ ――――――――= 26.124 MPa
2 2
k90 ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α2⎞⎠ + cos ⎛⎝α2⎞⎠

⎡ fh.α1.k ⋅ t1 ⋅ dd ⎤
⎢ ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎞ ⎥ ⎡ 13.825 ⎤
⎢ 4 ⋅ My.Rk ⎥
FV.Rk.1.1 ≔ ⎢ fh.α1.k ⋅ t1 ⋅ dd ⎜ 2 + ――――― - 1⎟ ⎥ = ⎢ 8.807 ⎥ kN P.42 Design of Timber 2
⎜⎝ fh.α1.k ⋅ dd ⋅ t1 2 ⎟⎠ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎣ 13.108 ⎦
⎢ 2.3 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
My.Rk ⋅ fh.α1.k ⋅ dd ⎥
⎣ ⎦

FV.Rk.1 ≔ 2 ⋅ FV.Rk.1.1 ((1)) + 2 ⋅ FV.Rk.1.1 ((2)) = 43.829 kN

FV.Rk.1 ⋅ kmod
FV.Rd.1 ≔ ――――― = 30.343 kN
γM0

FEd.1
Usage ratio: ――― = 0.7
FV.Rd.1

⎡ fh.α2.k ⋅ t1 ⋅ dd ⎤
⎢ ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎞ ⎥ ⎡ 15.361 ⎤
⎢ 4 ⋅ My.Rk ⎥
FV.Rk.2.2 ≔ ⎢ fh.α2.k ⋅ t1 ⋅ dd ⎜ 2 + ――――― - 1 ⎥ = ⎢ 9.464 ⎥ kN
⎟
⎜⎝ fh.α2.k ⋅ dd ⋅ t1 2 ⎟⎠ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎣ 13.817 ⎦
⎢ 2.3 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
My.Rk ⋅ fh.α2.k ⋅ dd ⎥
⎣ ⎦

FV.Rk.2 ≔ 2 ⋅ FV.Rk.2.2 ((1)) + 2 ⋅ FV.Rk.2.2 ((2)) = 46.561 kN

FV.Rk.2 ⋅ kmod
FV.Rd.2 ≔ ――――― = 32.235 kN
γM0

FEd.2
Usage ratio: ――― = 0.692
FV.Rd.2

Non-Commercial Use Only

 5) Splitting paralle-to-grain:

The group of dowels that needs to be checked is

a group of 7 dowels on the right or the left side

n≔7 a1 ≔ 6 ⋅ dd P.47 Design of Timber 2

⎛ a1 ⎞
4 ‾‾‾‾‾‾
nef ≔ min ⎜n , n 0.9 ⋅ ――― ⎟ = 4.749
⎜⎝ 13 ⋅ dd ⎟⎠

nef
FV.Rd.1 ⋅ ―― = 20.588 kN
n

MII ⋅ 6 ⋅ dd
Fy.Ed ≔ ―――― + FN.y.Ed = 15.169 kN
Ssr

Fy.Ed
Usage ratio: ――――= 0.737 No risk of splitting
nef
FV.Rd.1 ⋅ ――
n

6) Check of shear stress:

⎡ MII ⋅ 24 ⋅ dd ⎤
⎢ 3 ⋅ ――――⎥
⎢ Ssr ⎥
⎢ MII ⋅ 18 ⋅ dd ⎥ ⎡
⎢ 5 ⋅ ――――⎥ 43.561 ⎤
⎢ Ssr ⎥ ⎢ 54.452 ⎥
VEd.M ≔ =⎢ ⎥ kN
⎢ MII ⋅ 12 ⋅ dd ⎥ ⎢ 14.52 ⎥
⎢ 2 ⋅ ――――⎥
Ssr ⎣ 7.26 ⎦
⎢ ⎥
⎢ MII ⋅ 6 ⋅ dd ⎥
⎢ 2 ⋅ ―――― ⎥
⎢⎣ Ssr ⎥⎦

⎛ ⎞
VEd.tot ≔ ⎜ ∑ VEd.M⎟ + 14 ⋅ FH.x.Ed = 123.563 kN
⎝ ⎠

1.5 ⋅ VEd.tot
τ ≔ ―――― = 2.129 MPa
b⋅w

τ
Usage ratio: ――― = 0.9608
fv.g.Rd

Non-Commercial Use Only

 7) Cross-section resistance:
b = 0.405 m
wef ≔ w - 20 mm = 0.195 m

wef ⋅ b 3
Iy ≔ ――― = ⎛⎝1.079 ⋅ 10 9 ⎞⎠ mm 4
12

NEd
σc ≔ ――― = 3.799 MPa
b ⋅ wef

MII ⎛ b ⎞
σM ≔ ―― ⋅ ⎜― ⎟ = 13.653 MPa
Iy ⎝ 2 ⎠

⎛ σc ⎞ 2 ⎛ σM ⎞
⎜―― ⎟ + ⎜―― ⎟ = 0.726 Eq.28- Lecture 8
⎜⎝ fc.0.d ⎟⎠ ⎝⎜ fm.d ⎟⎠

8) distance checks

a1 ≔ 5 ⋅ dd = 60 mm We have 6d. OK
a2 ≔ 3 ⋅ dd = 36 mm ds = 82.5 mm and we have also 6d. OK
a3.t ≔ max ⎝⎛7 ⋅ dd , 80 mm ⎞⎠ = 0.084 m in our case is 7d. OK
a4.t ≔ 4 ⋅ dd in our case is 4d. OK

Non-Commercial Use Only