Scribd
Upload
36 views

Unit 1 Problems

This document provides conversion factors for length, mass, volume, pressure, energy and prefixes for powers of 10. It also includes examples and exercises on conversions between metric and other units, significant figures, and calculating density. Examples show conversions between units like miles to meters and calculations with densities. Exercises practice additional conversions, operations with significant figures, and density problems.

Uploaded by

Frederick Nakos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
36 views

Unit 1 Problems

This document provides conversion factors for length, mass, volume, pressure, energy and prefixes for powers of 10. It also includes examples and exercises on conversions between metric and other units, significant figures, and calculating density. Examples show conversions between units like miles to meters and calculations with densities. Exercises practice additional conversions, operations with significant figures, and density problems.

Uploaded by

Frederick Nakos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Unit 1

Secondary 5 Chemistry, 202-001-RE


Conversions, Significant figures, Density

Conversion Factors:

LENGTH 1 cm = 1.0 x 108 Å MASS 1g = 0.03527 oz.


1 cm = 0.3937 in. 1 kg = 35.27 oz.
1m = 39.3701 in. 1 kg = 2.205 lb.
1m = 3.281 ft. 1 kg = 9.84 X 10-4 ton
1m = 1.0936 yd 1 kg = 1.00 X 10-3 tonne
1 km = 3280.840 ft. 1 ton = 2240 lb.
1 km = 0.6214 mi.
1 mi = 1760 yd. PRESSURE 1 atm = 760 mm Hg
1 atm = 101.33 kPa
VOLUME 1 cm3 = 1 mL 1 atm = 760 torr.
1L = 1000 cm3 1 atm = 14.69 lb in-2
1L = 61.025 in3
1L = 0.03532 ft3 ENERGY 1J = 1 kg m2 s-2
1L = 1.760 pt. 1J = 1 kPa L
1L = 0.8799 qt. 1 cal = 4.184 J
1L = 0.220 Cdn. gal. 1 ev = 1.60 x 10-19 J
1 fl. oz. = 28.41 cm3
1 qt. = 2 pt.
1 gal. = 8 pt.

PREFIXES FOR POWERS OF 10


Power of ten Prefix Abbreviation
10-24 yocto- y
10-21 zepto- z
10-18 atto- a
10-15 femto- f
10-12 pico- p
10-9 nano- n
10-6 micro-
10-3 milli- m
10-2 centi- c
103 kilo- k
106 mega- M
109 giga- G
1012 tera- T
1015 peta- P
1018 exa- E
1021 zetta- Z
1024 yotta- Y

Examples: 1 femtometer = 1 fm = 10-15 m 1 millivolt = 1 mV = 10-3 V


1 picosecond = 1 ps = 10-12 s 1 kilopascal = 1 kPa = 103 Pa
1 nanocoulomb = 1 nC = 10-9 C 1 megawatt = 1 MW = 106 W
1 gigahertz = 1 GHz = 109 Hz
Unit 1
Secondary 5 Chemistry, 202-001-RE
Conversions, Significant figures, Density
Unit 1
Secondary 5 Chemistry, 202-001-RE
Conversions, Significant figures, Density

Solved Examples:

The width, length, and height of a small box are 15.5,


27.3, and , respectively. Calculate the volume of the box, using the correct
number of significant figures in your answer.

The average speed of a nitrogen molecule in air at 25 °C is 515m/s. Convert this


speed to miles per hour.

1.36×109 km3 of water. Calculate the


volume in liters.

Calculate the density of mercury if 1.00×102 g occupies a volume of 7.36cm3.

What is the mass in grams of a cube of gold, density=19.32 g/cm3, if the length of
the cube is 2.00 cm?
Unit 1
Secondary 5 Chemistry, 202-001-RE
Conversions, Significant figures, Density

Exercises:
1. Which of the following numbers are most accurate and explain why?
5, 5.0, 5.00

2. Express the following in scientific notation:


a. 15 000 000 000 m b. 0.0000002308 ms

3. Express the following as ordinary numbers:


a. 6.02 X 1023 atoms b. 9.11 X 10-31 kg

4. Indicate the number of significant figures in each of the following measured quantities:
2
a. b. , c.

5. Round each of the following numbers to four significant figures and express the result in
standard exponential notation:
a. 102.53070, b. 656.980, c. 0.008543210

6. The diameter of Earth at the equator is 7926.381mi. Round this number to three significant
figures and express it in standard exponential notation.

7. The circumference of Earth through the poles is 40,008km. Round this number to four
significant figures and express it in standard exponential notation.

8. Carry out the following operations and express the answers with the appropriate number of
significant figures.
a. 14.3505 + 2.65

b.

c. (3.29×104)(0.2501)

d. 0.0588/0.677

9. Carry out the following operations and express the answer with the appropriate number of
significant figures.
a.

b. [(285.3×105) (1.200×103)] × 2.8954

c. (0.0045×20,000.0) + (2813×12)

d. 863 × [1255 3.45×108)]


Unit 1
Secondary 5 Chemistry, 202-001-RE
Conversions, Significant figures, Density

10. Perform the following conversions:


a. 5.005.00 days to s,
b. 0.0550mi to m,
c. $1.89/gal to dollars per liter,
d. 0.510in./mstokm/hr,
e. 22.50gal/mintoL/s,
f. 0.02500 ft3 to cm3.

11. The speed of light in a vacuum is 2.998×108 m/s. Calculate its speed in miles per hour.

12. The Sears Tower in Chicago is 1454ft tall. Calculate its height in meters.

13. The Vehicle Assembly Building at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida has a volume
of 3,666,500 m3. Convert this volume to liters and express the result in standard exponential
notation.

14. An individual suffering from a high cholesterol level in her blood has 242mg of cholesterol
per 100mL of blood. If the total blood volume of the individual is 5.2L, how many grams of

15. What is the density of silicon if 56.0 g occupies 21.72 mL?

16. Suppose your car holds 16.0 gal of gasoline and the price of gasoline is 0.789 $/L. How
much would it cost to fill up the tank?

17. Vinegar has a density of 1.0056 g/cm3. What is the mass of 5.0 L of vinegar?

18. A sample of tetrachloroethylene, a liquid used in dry cleaning that is being phased out
because of its potential to cause cancer, has a mass of 40.55g and a volume
of 25.0mL at .25°C. What is its density at this temperature? Will tetrachloroethylene float on
water?

19. An experiment requires 15.0g of cyclohexane, whose density at 25°C is 0.7781 g/mL. What
volume of cyclohexane should be used?

20. A spherical ball of lead has a diameter of 5.0cm. What is the mass of the sphere if lead has
a density of 11.34 g/cm3? (The volume of a sphere is (4/3) r3, where r is the radius.)

21. A 32.65 g sample of a solid is placed in a flask. Toluene, in which the solid is insoluble, is
added to the flask so that the total volume of solid and liquid together is 50.00mL The solid
and toluene together weigh 58.58g. The density of toluene at the temperature of the experiment
is 0.864 g/mL What is the density of the solid?

You might also like