LOGICAL REASONING

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 CA FOUNDATION
LOGICAL REASONING
INDEX

NUMBER SERIES, CODING AND DECODING AND

01 ODD MAN OUT
1 - 33

2
02 DIRECTION TESTS 34-69
3

03 4 SEATING ARRANGEMENT 70-90

5
04 BLOOD RELATION 91-121
6

05 7 LOGARITHM TABLES 122-129

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NUMBER SERIES, CODING AND

1 DECODING AND ODD MAN OUT

• Series is a sequential order of numbers, letters or both arranged in some specific

rules.

• These Rules can be based on mathematical operations, place of letters in

alphabetical order etc.

Different types of Series

1. Number Series

2. Letter Series

3. Alpha-Numeric Series

4. Continuous pattern Series

NUMBER SERIES
Number series is a logical sequence of more than one elements made of
arithmetical digits.

Some Types of number series:

1. Same numbers addition or subtraction series.

2. Increasing order addition or subtraction series.

3. Same number multiplication or division series

4. Increasing order multiplication or division series

5. Same number multiplication and addition or subtraction series

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6. Same number multiplication and addition or subtraction in increasing order series

7. Increasing order multiplication and same number addition or subtraction series.

8. Increasing order multiplication and increasing order addition or subtraction series

9. Multiplication and division series.

10. Square series

11. Cube series

12. Square addition series

13. Prime number series

14. Digital operation of number series

15. Mixed combination series

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CLASS WORK SECTION

In the following series replace the question (?) with the suitable option.

1. 6,9,12, 15, 18,?

a) 21 b)20 c) 19 d) 22

2. 7, 12, 19, 28, 39,?

a) 52 b) 50 c) 51 d) 48

3. 36, 28, 24, 22,?

a) 18 b) 19 c) 21 d) 22

4. 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 25, 29.? (Nov-2018)

a) 30 b) 31 c) 32 d) 33

5. 7, 9, 13, 21, 37,?

a) 58 b) 63 c) 69 d) 72

6. 27, 32, 30, 35, 33, ?

a) 28 b) 31 c) 36 d) 38

7. 71, 59, 48, 38, 29, ?

a) 18 b) 21 c) 20 d) 12

8. 2, 5, 10, ?, 26
a) 19 b) 21 c) 17 d) 25

9. 1, 6, 15, ? , 45, 66, 91

a) 25 b) 26 c) 27 d) 28

10. 97, 86, 99, 88, 101, ?, ?

a) 88,99 b) 90, 103 c) 121, 108, d) 114, 103

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11. 107, 97, 82, 62, ?

a) 52 b) 42 c) 47 d) 37

12. 2, 6, 12, ? , 30
a) 18 b) 24 c) 20 d) 26

13. 24, 60, 120, 210, ?

a) 300 b) 336 c) 420 d) 525

14. 8, 16, 28, 44, ?

a) 60 b) 64 c) 62 d) 66

15. 1, 4, 9, 25, ?
a) 49 b) 60 c) 30 d) 36

16. 198, 194, 185, 169, ?

a) 92 b) 136 c) 144 d) 112

17. 1, 2, 5, 26,______
a) 620 b) 650 c) 677 d) 687

18. 7, 23, 47, 119, 167, ? (J-2019)

a) 211 b) 223 c) 287 d) 319

19. 0, 6, 24, 60, 120, 210, ?

a) 290 b) 240 c) 336 d) 504

20. 3, 15, 35, 63, ?, 143

a) 120 b) 110 c) 99 d) 91

21. 17, 36, 74, 150, ? , 606

a) 250 b) 303 c) 300 d) 302

22. 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 5, 8, ?
a) 9 b) 10 c) 7 d) 8

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23. 3, 128, 6, 64, 9, ?, 12, 16, 15, 8

a) 32 b) 12 c) 108 d) 72

24. 6, 13, 38, ?, 532, 2675

a) 129 b) 123 c) 172 d) 164

25. 45, 46, 70,141, ? , 1061.5

a) 353 b) 353.5 c) 352.5 d) 352

ODD MAN OUT

Find the odd out of the following

1. Fish, Starfish, Crocodile, Hen
a) Fish b) Hen c) Starfish d) Crocodile

2. 15, 21, 63,81, 69 (N-2018)

a) 15 b) 21 c) 63 d) 81

3. 4, 12, 44, 176, 890 (J-2019)

a) 4 b) 12 c) 44 d) 176

4. 3, 12, 36, 144, 431, 1728, 5184

a) 144 b) 431 c) 36 d) 5184
5. 56, 72, 90, 110, 132, 150
a) 72 b) 90 c) 110 d) 150

6. 9, 14,19,25, 32, 40
a) 14 b) 25 c) 32 d) 9

7. 20, 40, 200, 400, 2000, 4000, 8000

a) 200 b) 40 c) 8000 d) 4000

8. 4, 5, 12, 38, 160 805, 4836

a) 12, b) 160 c) 38 d) 805

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9. 7, 4, 5, 9, 20, 51, 160.5

a) 4 b) 51 c) 9 d) 20

10. 1788, 892, 444, 220, 112, 52, 24

a) 52 b) 112 c) 220 d) 444

LETTER SERIES, ALPHA NUMERIC AND CONTINUOUS PATTERN SERIES

Letter series is a sequence of letters taken from English alphabet and such sequence
follows a certain logical pattern

1. B, D, F, I, L, P, ?
a) U b) R c) S d) T

2. W, U, S, P, M, I, ?
a) E b) A c) H d) F

3. ACE, BDF, CEG, ?

a) DFE b) DEF c) DFH d) DEH

4. PMK, MPK, MKP, KMP, ?

a) PMK b) KMP c) MPK d) KPM

5. PBA, QDC, RFE, ?

a) SHG b) OAB c) TJI d) ULK
6. XWA, VTC, SPF, OKJ, ?
a) JDN b) JEO c) LPN d) JDP

7. OTE, PUF, QVG, RWH, ?

a) SYJ b) TXI c) SXJ d) SXI

8. BFG, HLM, NRS, ?

a) TWX b) RVW c) TYZ d) TXY

9. P3, M8, ?, G24, D35

a) K15 b) J13 c) I13 d) J15

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10. A1, C3, F6, J10, O15,?

a) U21 b) V21 c) T20 d) U20

11. Which of the following is odd one: (J-2019)

a) CEHL b) KMPT c) OQTX d) NPSV

12. ac_ga_eg_ce_
a) dbag b) ecag c) deag d) ebdg

13. ba_b_aab_a_b
a) abaa b) abba c) baab d) babb

14. _sr_tr_srs_r_srst_
a) ttssrr b) tsrtsr c) strtrs d) tstttr

15. ab_cabb_caa_bccab_cab_cc
a) abbcc b) baabc c) bcbbb d) bcaac

CODING AND DECODING

Coding-Decoding is process of transmitting an information from one place to other using
some suitable codes, so that it might reach to other person safely.

Different Types of coding and decoding:

1. Coding based on Rearrangement of Letters
2. Coding based on replacement of letters
3. Opposite letter coding
4. Coding of Letters by their Left and Right Letters
5. Number coding
6. Symbol coding based on Similarity
7. Coding by substitution or word replacement
8. Fictitious Language Coding
9. Coding by Comparison

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CLASS WORK SECTION

1. HONEY is coded as JQPGA, which word is code as VCTIGVU? (N-2018)

a) CARPETS b) TRAPETS c) TARGETS d) UMBRELU

2. In a certain language, MADRAS is coded as NBESBT, How is BOMBAY coded in that

language? (J-19)
a) CPNCBX b) CPNCBZ c) CPOCBZ d) CQOCBZ

3. In a certain code language, COMPUTRONE is written as PMOCTUENOR. How is

ADVANTAGES written in that same code?
a) ADVANSEGAS b) ADTANSEAG c) AVDANTAGES d) AVDATNSEGA

4. In a certain code language EARTH is written as JVTCG, then how will GLOBE be
written in that language?
a) GDQNI b) GDQIN c) GDNIQ d) GDIQN

5. In a certain language FAME is written as LGGY then how will LION be coded in that
language?
a) RHIO b) ROIH c) RHOI d) RIOH

6. In a code language APPLE is written as PQQRS, RIS is written as ABC and MANGO is
written as TPXYZ. How will ROSE written in that language?
a) ABCS b) ACBS c) AZSC d) AZCS

7. If in a certain code language SIMILAR is written as IZORNRH, how will NATURAL be

written in that language?
a) OZIFGZM b) OZIFGMZ c) OZIFZMG d) OZIFMZG

8. If in a certain code language GO is written as FHNP, then how will SUN be written in
that language?
a) RTTOMV b) RTTOVM c) RTTVOM d) RTTVMO

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9. If in a certain code RAMAN is coded as 18113114, then how will KAPILA be coded in
that language?
a) 111196112 b) 111169112 c) 111169121 d) 116119121

10. In a certain code RIPPLE is written as 613382 and LIFE is written as 8192. How is
PILLER written in that code? (M-2018)
a) 318826 b) 318286 c) 618826 d) 338816

11. If PLAY is coded as 8123 and RHYME is coded as 49367. What will be code of MALE?
(N-18)
a) 6217 b) 6198 c) 6395 d) 6285

12. If LOSE is coded as 1357 and GAIN coded as 2468, what do figure 82146 for?
(M-2018)
a) NGLAI b) NGLIA c) GNLIA d) GNLA

13. In a certain code language, DOME is written as 8943 and MEAL is written as 4321.
What group of letters can be formed for the code 38249?
a) EOADM b) MEDOA c) EMDAO d) EDAMO

14. In a certain language ‘DEW’ written as 1625529 ‘GET’ is written as 4925400, then
how will TWO be written in that language?
a) 400529522 b) 400529225 c) 400925225 d) 400225925

15. If A = 1 and LOT = 47 then MAT = ?

a) 40 b) 66 c) 34 d) 51

16. If P = 16 and PUT = 6720 then PICK?

a) 4137 b) 4590 c) 4032 d) 4752

17. In certain code language STAR is written as 5 $ * 2, TORE is written as $ 3 2 @ then

how will OATS be written in that language?
a) 3 * 5 $ b) 3 * $ 5 c) 3 $ * 5 d) 3 5 * $

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18. If GREEN is called BLACK, BLACK is called BLUE, BLUE is called RED, RED is called
WHITE and WHITE is called ORANGE, then what is the colour of BLOOD?
a) RED b) BLACK c) GREEN d) WHITE

19. If LION is called FISH, FISH is called PARROT, PARROT is called RAT, RAT is called CAT,
CAT is called TIGER, then which of the following is a bird?
a) FISH b) PARROT c) RAT d) TIGER

Directions (Q. no. 20 to 23)

In a certain code language 461 means ‘where are you’, 169 means ‘you are good’
and 8652 means ‘flowers are not bad’.

20. What is the code for ‘not’?

a) 6 b) 8 c) 2 d) 8 or 5 or 2

21. What is the code for ‘good’?

a) 4 b) 9 c) 6 d) 6 or 1

22. How will ‘where not are good flowers’ be written in coded language?
a) 68954 b) 46598 c) 45698 d) Data inadequate

23. How will ‘are you where’ be written in the code?

a) 614 b) 163 c) 618 d) 168

24. In a certain code 256 means ‘you are good’ 637 means ‘we are bad’ and 358 mens
‘good and bad’. Which of the following represents ‘and’ in that code? (M-2018)
a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 3

25. If in a certain code language ‘Sachin is great’ is written as ‘ga ma ra’. ‘is he poor’ is
written as ‘ta saga’, then find the code for ‘is’.
a) ta b) ma c) ga d) ra

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HOMEWORK SECTION

1. 6, 11, 21, 36, 56 ?

(a) 42 (b) 51 (c) 81 (d) 91

2. 10 , 100, 200, 310 ?

(a) 400 (b) 410 (c) 420 (d) 430

3. 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 25 ?

(a) 33 (b) 27 (c) 29 (d) 49

4. 6, 12, 21, 33 ?
(a) 33 (b) 38 (c) 40 (d) 48

5. 2, 5, 9, 14, ? , 27
(a) 20 (b) 16 (c) 18 (d) 24

6. 6, 11, 21, ? , 56, 81

(a) 42 (b) 36 (c) 91 (d) 51

7. 10, 18, 28, 40, 54, ?, 88

(a) 70 (b) 86 (c) 87 (d) 98

8. 120, 99, ?, 63, 48, 35

(a) 80 (b) 36 (c) 45 (d) 40

9. 22, 24, 28, 36, ? , 84

(a) 44 (b) 52 (c) 38 (d) 54

10. 4832, 5840, 6848, 7856 ?

(a) 8864 (b) 8815 (c) 8846 (d) 8887

11. 10, 100, 200, 310, 430 ?

(a) 560 (b) 540 (c) 550 (d) 590

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12. 28, 33, 31, 36, 34 ?

(a) 38 (b) 39 (c) 40 (d) 42

13. 120, 80, 40, 45, ?, 5

(a) 15 (b) 20 (c) 25 (d) 30

14. 2, 15, 41, 80, 132 ?

(a) 184 (b) 144 (c) 186 (d) 197

15. 6, 17, 39, ?, 116

(a) 72 b) 75 (c) 85 (d) 80

16. 1, 4, 10, 22, ?, 94

(a) 46 (b) 48 (c) 49 (d) 47

17. 4, 9, 25, 49, ? , 169, 289, 361

(a) 120 (b) 121 (c) 122 (d) 164

18. 4, 12, 36, ? , 324

(a) 107 (b) 109 (c) 108 (d) 110

19. 1, 1, 4, 8 , 9, ? , 16, 64
(a) 27 (b) 28 (c) 32 (d) 40

20. 5760, 960, 192, ? 16, 8

(a) 47 (b) 48 (c) 52 (d) 50

21. 1, 2, 6, 7, 21, 22, 66, ? , 201

(a) 69 (b) 68 (c) 67 (d) 69

22. 48, 24, 96 , ? 192

(a) 48 (b) 47 (c) 44 (d) 54

23. 165, 195, 255, 285, ?, 435

(a) 345 (b) 390 (c) 335 (d) 395

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24. 2, 3, 3, 5, 10, 13, 39, ?, 172, 177

(a) 42 (b) 44 (c) 43 (d) 40

25. 7, 26, 63, 124, 215, ?, 511

(a) 342 (b) 343 (c) 441 (d) 421

26. 3, 7, 15, 31, ? 127

(a) 62 (b) 63 (c) 64 (d) 65

27. 8, 28, 116, 584, ?

(a) 1752 (b) 3502 (c) 3504 (d) 3508

28. 6, 13, 28, 59, ?

(a) 122 (b) 114 (c) 113 (d) 112

29. 2, 7, 27, 107, 427, ?

(a) 1707 (b) 4027 (c) 4207 (d) 1207

30. 5, 2, 7, 9, 16, 25, 41?

(a) 65 (b) 66 (c) 67 (d) 68

31. In a certain language, MADRAS is coded NBESBT, how DELHI is coded in that code?
(a) EMMJI (b) EFMIJ (c) EMFIJ (d) JIFEM

32. If RAMAN is written as 12325 and DINESH as 675489 how HAMAM is written?
(a) 92323 (b) 92233 (c) 93233 (d) 93292

33. If RED is coded as 6720 then GREEN would be coded as

(a) 9207716 (b) 167129 (c) 1677209 (d) 1672091

34. If A = 1, FAT = 27, FAITH = ?

(a) 44 (b) 45 (c) 46 (d) 36

35. If BROTHER is coded as 2456784, SISTER is coded as 919684, what is the code for
BORBEES?
(a) 2542889 (b) 2542898 (c) 2454889 (d) 2524889

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36. If DELHI is coded 73541 and CALCUTTA as 82589662, How can CALICUT be coded?
(a) 5279431 (b) 5978213 (c) 8251896 (d) 8543962

37. If CLOCK is coded 34235 and TIME is 8679, what will be code of MOTEL?
(a) 72894 (b) 77684 (c) 72964 (d) 27894

38. If PALE is coded as 2134 and EARTH is coded as 41590, how is PERAL coded?
(a) 29530 (b) 24153 (c) 25430 (d) 254313

39. If LOSE is coded as 1357 and GAIN is coded as 2468, what do figure 82146 stands
for?
(a) NGLAI (b) NGLIA (c) GNLIA (d) GNLIA

40. If MEKLF is coded as 91782 and LLLJK as 88867, how can IHJED is coded?
(a) 97854 (b) 64512 (c) 54610 (d) 75632

41. If in a certain code language NAME is written as 4258 then what is coded as
MEAN ?
(a) 2458 (b) 5842 (c) 8524 (d) 5824

42. If GOLD is written as IQNF, how WIND can be written in that code?
(a) YKPF (b) VHCM (c) XJOE (d) DNIW

43. If ROSE is written as TQUG, how BISCUIT can be written in that code?
(a) DKUEWKV (b) CJTDVJU
(c) DKVEWKV (d) DKUEWKY

LETTER: C Z N V R S W F D CODE
DIGIT: 8 6 4 7 2 9 3 5 1 (Q. no. 44 to 46)
In each of the following questions find out the correctly coded alternative from amongst
the given four alternatives (a), (b), (c), (d).

44. ZDRCVF
(a) 612875 (b) 619875 (c) 612845 (d) 612835

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45. WNCSZV
(a) 348267 (b) 318267 (c) 348957 (d) 348967

46. RDNFVS
(a) 21679 (b) 216549 (c) 214579 (d) 218579

47. If DELHI is coded as CCIDD, how would you encode BOMBAY?

(a) AJMTVT (b) AMJXVS (c) MJXVSU (d) WXYZAX

48. In a certain code, RIPPLE is written as 613382 and LIFE is written as 8192. How is
PILLER written in that code?
(a) 318826 (b) 318286 (c) 618826 (d) 338816

49. If PALAM could be given the code number 43, what code number can be given to
SANTACRUZ?
(a) 123 (b) 85 (c) 120 (d) 125

Directions: The number in each question below is to be codified in the following

code:
Digit 7 2 1 5 3 9 8 6 4
Letter W L M S I N D J B

50. 184632
(a) MDJBSI (b) MDJBIL (c) MDJBWL (d) MDBJIL

51. In a certain code ‘256’ means ‘you are good’, ‘637’ means ‘we are bad’ and ‘358’
means ‘good and bad’. Which of the following represents ‘and’ in that code?
(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 8 (d) 3

Directions: Find odd man out of the following (52 - 61):

52. 3, 5, 7, 15, 17, 19

(a) 15 (b) 17 (c) 19 (d) 7

53. 10, 14, 16, 18, 23, 24, 26

(a) 26 (b) 23 (c) 24 (d) 18

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54. 1, 4, 9, 16, 24, 25, 36

(a) 9 (b) 24 (c) 25 (d) 36

55. 41, 43, 47, 53, 61, 71, 73, 75

(a) 75 (b) 73 (c) 71 (d) 53

56. 16, 25, 36, 73, 144, 196, 225

(a) 36 (b) 73 (c) 196 (d) 225

57. 1, 4, 9, 16, 19, 36, 49

(a) 19 (b) 9 (c) 49 (d) 16

58. 1, 5, 14, 30, 49, 55, 91

(a) 49 (b) 30 (c) 55 (d) 91

59. 835, 734, 642, 751, 853, 981, 532

(a) 751 (b) 853 (c) 981 (d) 532

60. 4, 5, 7, 10, 14, 18, 25, 32

(a) 7 (b) 14 (c) 18 (d) 33

61. 52, 51, 48, 43, 34, 27, 16

(a) 27 (b) 34 (c) 43 (d) 48

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HOMEWORK SOLUTIONS

1.

56 + 25 =81

2.

3.

4.

5.

3 4 5 6 7

6.

5 10 15 20 25

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7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

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14.

13 26 39 52 65

15.

16.

17.

Square of Prime Numbers

18.

19.

20.

5760/960 = 6 960/192=5 192/4 = 48

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21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

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28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

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33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

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39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

44.

45.

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46.

47.

48.

49. P A L A M = 16 + 1 + 12 + 1 + 13

= 43

S A N T A C R U Z = 19 + 1 + 14 + 20 + 1 + 3 + 18 + 21 + 26

= 123
Option A

50.

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51.

52.

53.

54.

55. Except 75 remaining all are prime number

56.

57.

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58.

59.

60.

61.

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SELF ASSESSMENT

1. 10, 7, 12, 9, 14, 11, _______

a) 16 b) 15 c) 18 d) 17

2. 0, 1, -1, 0, -2, -1, _____

a) 3 b) -3 c) -2 d) -1

3. 1, 6, 16, 36, _____

a) 74 b) 76 c)66 d) None of these

4. 3, 4, 7, 16, 43, ____

a) 120 b) 124 c) 126 d) 130

5. 1000, 100, 200, 20, 40, _____

a) 4 b) 400 c) 20 d) None of these

6. 2, 7, 17, 37, _____

a) 66 b) 75 c) 77 d) 80

7. BCB, DED, FGF, HIH, _____

a) HJH b) JKJ c) KJK d) HKH

8. D2E, H4J, L6O, P8T, _____

a) T10Y b) U5V c) L7O d) X10Y

9. In a certain code MONKEY is written as XDJMNL. How TIGER can be coded as?
a) QDFHS b) QDFSH c) QDHFS d) DQFSH

10. If DELHI coded as 73541 and CALCUTTA as 82589662, then CALICUT be coded?
a) 8251986 b) 2851896 c) 8251896 d) None of these

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11. In a system 15789 is coded as EGKPT and 2346 is coded as ALUR. How 23549 can
be coded?
a) ALGUT b) ALTUG c) LATUG d) LAUTG

12. In a certain code

“Pit dar na” means “You are good”
“Dar tok pa” means “good and bad”
“Tim na tok” means “they are bad”
Then “they stands for
a) Tim b) dar c) tok d) None of these

13. In a coding
“256” means “you are good”
“637” means “we are bad”
“358” means “good and bad”
Then and coded as
a) 6 b) 8 c) 7 d) 5

14. If LOSE is coded as 1357 and GAIN coded as 2468, what do figure 82146 coded for?
a) NGLAI b) NGLIA c) GNLIA d) GNLA

15. AB, BA, ABC, CBA, ABCD, ______

a) DCBA b) DCAB c) ABDC d) BACD

16. Odd man out 15, 21, 63, 81, 69

a) 15 b) 21 c) 63 d) 81

17. 1, 2, 6, 15, 31, 56, 91

a) 6 b) 31 c) 56 d) 91

18. 22, 33, 66, 77, 121, 279, 594

a) 22 b) 66 c) 121 d) 279

19. 2, 3, 7, 9, 11
a) 2 b) 7 c) 9 d) 11

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20. 3, 6, 18, 39, 108, 216

a) 18 b) 216 c) 39 d) 108

ANSWER

1. A 2. B
3. B 4. B
5. A 6. C
7. B 8. A
9. A 10. C
11. A 12. A
13. B 14. A
15. A 16. D
17. D 18. D
19. C 20. C

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EXPLANATORY SOLUTION

1.

Option A

2.

Option B

3.

Option B

4.

Option B

5.

Option A

6.

Option C

7.

Option B

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8.

Option A

9.

Option A

10.

Option C

11.

Option A

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12.

Option A

13.

Option B

14.

Option A

15.
Reverse Reverse Reverse

Option A

16.

81 is the perfect square

Option D

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17.

Option D

18.

Option D

19.

Option C

20.

Option C

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2 DIRECTION TESTS

Direction is a measurement of position of one thing with respect to another

thing or a reference point.

Types :

1. Finding direction only

2. Find the distance only

3. Finding both the distance and direction.

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

CLASS WORK SECTION

1. A girl is going towards West, then she turned left, then turned 90 degree in clockwise
direction. In which direction is she going now?
a) East b) West c) North d) None of these

2. If south west becomes North, then what will North-East be?

a) North b) South-East c) South d) East

3. At sunrise, Amit and Deepak are having conversation standing in front of each other.
The shadow of Deepak is formed towards the right hand of Amit. What direction is
Deepak facing?
a) North-East b) South c) East d) North

4. One evening before sun set, two friends Raman and Arjun were talking to each other
face to face. If Raman’s shadow was exactly to his left side, which direction was
Arjun facing?
a) West b) East c) North d) South

5. The time on the watch is 9.15 and the hour hand points towards West. The direction
of the minute hand is towards.
a) North b) South c) East d) West

6. A clock is so place that at 12 noon its minute hand points towards North East. In
which direction does its hour hand point at 1.30 pm.
a) North b) South c) East d) West

7. Samar wants to go college which is situated in a direction opposite to that of a

mall. He starts from his house, which is in the east and comes at four-way place.
His left side road goes to the mall and straight in front is the railway station. In
which direction is the college located?
a) North b) North-East c) South d) East

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

8. Ram walks 10m South from his house, turns left and walks 25m, again turns left
and walks 40m, then turns right and walks 5m to reach the school. In which direction
is the school from his house?
a) North b) South-West c) North-East d) East

9. Rashmi goes towards East from a point P then turns left. She walks some distance
and turns to her right. Which direction is she facing now?
a) North b) East c) West d) South

10. A man goes 5 km east, then he turns right and goes 4km, then he turns left and
goes 5 km. Which direction is he facing now?
a) North b) East c) West d) South

11. Laxman went 15kms to North then he turned west and covered 10 kms. Then he
turned South and covered 5 kms, finally turning to East he covered 10 kms. In which
direction he is now moving? (M-2018)
a) East b) West c) North d) South

12. A man is facing East, then he turns left and goes to 10 meter then turns right and
goes 5 meter then goes 5meter to the south and from their 5meter to West. In which
direction is he from his original place? (M-2018)
a) East b) West c) North d) South

13. Raman starts from his house and goes towards 15m North, then he turns to his
right and walks 30 m before taking right turn and moving again upto 30 m to reach
temple. In which direction is the temple with respect to Raman’s house?
a) North-West b) South c) South-East d) West

14. X walks southwards and turns right then left and then right. In which direction is he
moving now? (M-18)
a) South b) North c) West d) South – west

15. You go north, turn right, then right then go to the left. In which direction are you
now?
a) South b) East c) West d) North

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

16. Surbhi is facing east, she turns 100degree in the clockwise direction and then 145
degree in the anti-clockwise direction. Which direction is she facing now?
a) West b) North-East c) North d) South-West

17. The time in a clock is quarter past twelve. If the hour hand points to the East, which
is the direction opposite to the minute hand?
a) South-West b) South c) West d) North

18. A train runs 120km in West direction, then 30km in South direction and then 80 km
in East direction before reaching the station. In which direction is the station from
the train’s starting point?
a) South-West b) North-West c) South-East d) South

19. If X stands on his head with his face towards South, to which direction will his left
hand point?
a) East b) West c) South d) North

20. A and B start walking in opposite direction. A covers 3 km and B covers 4 km then
A turns right and walks 4 km while B turns left and walks 3 km. How far is A from
the starting point?
a) 10km b) 8 km c) 5 km d) 4 km

21. Shreya started from point P and walked 2m towards West. She, then took a right
turn and walked 3m before taking a left turn and walking 5m. She finally took a left
turn, walked 3m and stopped at appoint Q. How far is point Q from point P?
a) 2m b) 6m c) 7m d) 8m

22. Vinod Starts from his house and travels 4km in East direction, after that he turns
towards left and moves 4km. Finally, he turns towards left and moves 4km. At what
distance and in which direction he finally stands from his starting point?
a) North, 4km b) North-East 4km
c) South 12km d) West 4km

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

23. Two buses start from the opposite points of a main road, 150km apart. The first bus
runs for 25km and takes a right turn and then runs for 15km. It then turns left and
runs for another 25km and takes the direction back to reach the main road. In the
meantime, due to the minor break down the other bus has run only 35km along the
main road. What would be the distance between the two buses at this point?
a) 65km b) 80km c) 75km d) 85km

24. A man started to walk East. After moving a certain distance, he turns to his right.
After moving some distance, he turns to his right again. After moving a little he
turns now to his left, currently he is going in _______ direction.
a) West b) East c) North d) South

25. Raghu is at point A. He walks 3km to the North and then turns to his left. He walks,
4km in this direction. He turns left again and walks 6 km. If he wishes to reach point
A again, in which direction should he be walking and what distance will he have to
cover?
a) South-East, 5km b) South-East, 4 km
c) North-East, 5 km d) North-East, 4 km.

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

HOMEWORK SECTION

1. Mohan starts from point A and walks 1 km towards south, turns left and walks
1km. Then he turns left again and walks 1 km. Now he is facing.
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South-west

2. Suresh starts from a point, walks 2 miles towards south, turns right and walks 11/2
miles, turns left and walks ½ miles and then he turns back. What is the direction he
is facing now?
(a) East (b) West (c) South (d) North

3. A man starts from a point, walks 4 miles towards north and turns left and walks
6 miles, turns right and walks for 3 miles and again turns right and walks 4 miles
and takes rest for 30 minutes. He gets up and walks straight 2 miles in the same
direction and turns right and walks one mile. What is the direction he is facing?
(a) North (b) South (c) South-east (d) West

4. Arun started from point A and walked 10 km East to point B, then turned to North
and walked 3 km to point C and then turned West and walked 12 kms to point D,
then again turned South and walked 3 kms to point E. In which direction is he from
his starting point?
(a) East (b) South (c) West (d) North

5. A starts from a point and walks 5 kms north, then turns left and walks 3 kms. Then
again turns left and walks 5 km. Point out the direction in which he is going now.
(a) North (b) South (c) East (d) West

6. A rat run 20 towards East and turns to right runs 10 and turns to right runs 9 and
again turns to left runs 5 and then turns to left runs 12 and finally turns to left and
rusn 6. Now what direction is the rat facing?
(a) East (b) North (c) West (d) South

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

7. A driver left his village and drove North for 20 km, after which he stopped for
breakfast. Then he turned left and drove another 30 km, when he stopped for lunch.
After some rest, he again turned left and drove 20 kms before stopping for evening
tea. Once more he turned left and drove 30 kms to reach the town where he had
supper. After evening tea in which direction did he drive?
(a) West (b) East (c) North (d) South

8. A man is facing East, then he turns left and goes 10 m, then turns right and goes 5
m then goes 5 m to the South and from there 5 m to West. In which direction is be
from his original place?
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South

9. From her home Prerna wishes to go to school. From home she goes towards North
and then turns left and then turns right, and finally she turns left and reaches
school. In which direction her school is situated with respect to her home?
(a) North-East (b) North-West (c) South-East (d) South-West

10. A child walks 25 feet towards North, turns right and walks 40 feet, turns right again
and walks 45 feet. He then turns left and walks 20 feet. He turns left again walks
20 feet. Finally, he turns to his left to walks another 20 feet. In which direction is the
child from his starting point?
(a) North (b) South (c) West (d) East

11. Raju facing North and moves 20 km, then he turned to his right and moves 20 km
and then he moves 10 km in North-East, then he turned to his right and moves 20
km and then he turned to his right and moves 20 km and again he turned to his left
and moves 20 km. Now in which direction Raju is facing?
(a) South-East (b) North-East (c) South-West (d) North-West

12. K is a place which is located 2 km away in the north-west direction from the capital
P. R is another place that is located 2 km away in the south-west direction from K.
M is another place and that is located 2 km away in the north-west direction from
R. T is yet another place that is located 2 km away in the south-west direction from
M. In which direction is T located in relation to P?
(a) South-west (b) North-west (c) West (d) North

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

13. Babu is Rahim’s neighbour and his house is 200 meters away in the north-west
direction. Joseph is Rahim’s neighbour and his house is located 200 meter away
in the south-west direction. Gopal is Joseph’s neighbour and he stays 200 meters
away in the south-east direction. Roy is Gopal’s neighbour and his house is located
200 meters away in the north-east direction. Then where is the position of Roys’
house in relation to Babu’s?
(a) South-east (b) south-west (c) North (d) North-east

14. A tourist drives 10 km towards west and turns to left and takes a drive of another 4
km. He then drives towards east another 4 km and then turns to his right and drives
5 km. Afterwards he turns to his left and travels 6 km. In which direction is he from
the starting point?
(a) North (b) East (c) West (d) South

15. A man started walking West. He turned right, then right again and finally turned
left. Towards which direction was he walking now?
(a) North (b) South (c) West (d) East

16. One evening, Raja started to walk toward the Sun. After walking a while, he turned
to his right and again to his right. After walking a while, he again turned right. In
which direction is he facing?
(a) South (b) East (c) West (d) North

17. Five boys A, B, C, D, E, are sitting in a park in a circle. A is facing South-West,

D is facing South-East, B and E are right opposite A and D respectively and C is
equidistant between D and B. Which direction is C facing?
(a) West (b) South (c) North (d) East

18. If a man on a moped starts from a point and rides 4 km South then turns left and
rides 2 km and turn again to the right. Which direction is he moving ?
(a) North (b) West (c) East (d) South

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

19. A man starts from a point, walk 8 km towards North, turns right and walks 12 km,
turns left and walks 7 km turns and walks 20 km towards South, turns right and
walks 12 km. In which direction is he from the starting point?
(a) North (b) South (c) West (d) East

20. Daily in the morning the shadow of Gol Gumbaz falls on Bara Kaman and in the
evening the shadow of Bara Kaman falls on Gol Gumbaz exactly. So in which direction
is Gol Gumbaz to Bara Kaman?
(a) Easter side (b) Western side (c) Northern side (d) Southern side

21. Ashok went 8 km South and turned West and walked 3 km again he turned North
and walked 5 kms. He took a final turn to East and walked 3 kms . In which direction
was Ashok from the starting point?
(a) East (b) North (c) West (d) South

22. If X stands on his head with his face towards south, to which direction will his left
hand point ?
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South

23. I drove East for 5 miles then drove North 3 miles, then turned to my left and drove
for 2 miles and again turned to my left. Which direction am I going now?
(a) South (b) North (c) West (d) North-west

24. If A stands on his head with his face towards north. In which direction will his left
hand point?
(a) North-East (b) North (c) East (d) North-West

25. A car travelling from south covers a distance of 8 km, then turns right and runs
another 9 kms and again turns to the right and was stopped. Which direction does
it face now?
(a) South (b) North (c) West (d) East

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

26. A taxi driver commenced his journey from a point and drove 10 km toward north
and turned to his left and drove another 5 km. After waiting to meet a friend here,
he turned to his right and continued to drive another 10 km. He has covered a
distance of 25 km so far, but in which direction would he be now?
(a) South (b) North (c) East (d) South-east

27. A walks 3 kms northward and then he turns left and goes 2 km. He again turns left
and goes 3 km. He turns right and walks straight. In which direction is he walking
now?
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South

28. A walks southwards, then turns right, then left and then right. In which direction is
he from the starting point?
(a) Southwest (b) East (c) West (d) North

29. A man starts from a point, walks 15 metres towards East, turns left and walks 10
metres, turns right again and walks. Towards which direction is he now waking?
(a) North (b) East (c) West (d) South

30. A boy starts walking towards West, he turns right and again he turns right and then
turns left at last. Towards which direction is he walking now?
(a) West (b) North (c) South (d) East

31. I stand with my right hand extended side-ways towards South. Towards which
direction will my back be ?
(a) North (b) West (c) East (d) South

32. If a person moves 4 km towards west, then turns right and moves 3 km and then
turns right and moves 6 km, which is the directions in which he is now moving?
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South

33. If Mohan sees the rising sun behind the temple and the setting sun behind the
railway station from his house, what is the direction of the temple from the railway
station?
(a) South (b) North (c) East (d) West

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

34. Laxman went 15 km to North then he turned West and covered 10 kms. Then he
turned south and covered 5 kms. Finally turning to East he covered 10 kms. In which
direction he is from his house?
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South

35. A man starts from a point, walks 4 miles North, turns to his right and walks 2 miles,
again turns to his right and walks 2 miles, again turns to his right and walks 2
miles. In which direction would he be now from his starting point?
(a) North (b) South (c) East (d) West

36. I started walking down a road in the morning facing the Sun. After walking for some
time I turned to my left. Then I turned to my right. In which direction was I going
then ?
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South

37. Lakshmi walked 2 furlongs north from her house and took a turn to left and
continued to walk another one kilometre and finally she turned left and reached
the school. Which direction is she facing now?
(a) West (b) North (c) South (d) North

38. You are going straight, first eastwards, then turn to the right, then right again, then
left. In which direction would you be going now?
(a) East (b) West (c) South (d) East

39. If Ahmed travels towards North from his house, then to left, then to South covering
equal distances in each direction to reach Sohan’s house, in which direction is
Ahmed’s house now?
(a) East (b) South (c) North (d) West

40. You go North, turn right, then right again and then go to the left. In which direction
are you now?
(a) South (b) East (c) West (d) North

41. Roopa starts from a point and walks 15 metre towards west, turns left and walks
12 metre, turns right again and walks. What is the direction she is now facing?
(a) South (b) West (c) East (d) North

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

42. A man starts his journey facing the sun early morning. He then turns right and
walks 2 km. He then walks 3 km after turning right again. Which is the direction he
is facing now?
(a) North-East (b) North (c) West (d) South

43. Roy walks 2 km to East, then turns North-West and walks 3 km. Then he turns
South and walks 5 km. Then again he turns West and walks 2 km. Finally he turns
North and walks 6 km. In which direction, is he from the starting point?
(a) South-West (b) South-East (c) North-West (d) North-East

44. Seeta starts from a point, walks 2 km towards north, turns towards her right and
walks 2 km, turns right again and walks. What is the direction she is facing now?
(a) East (b) West (c) South (d) North

45. Shyam was facing East. He walked 5 km forward and then after turning to his right
walked 3 km. Again he turned to his right and walked 4 km. After this he turned
back. Which direction was he facing at that time?
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South

46. Raju is standing facing north. He goes 30 metres ahead and turns left and goes for
15 metres. Now he turns right and goes for 50 metres and finally turns to his right
and walks. In which direction is he heading?
(a) North (b) East (c) South (d) West

47. Sanmitra starts from his house and walks 3 km towards north. Then he turns right
and walks 2 km and then turns right and walks 5 km, then turns right and walks 2
km and then again turns right and walks 2 km. Which direction is he facing now?
(a) North (b) South (c) West (d) East

48. Raju is Ramu’s neighbour and he stays 100 metres away towards southeast. Venu is
Raju’s neighbour and he stays 100 metres away towards southwest. Khader is Venu’s
neighbour and he stays 100 metres away towards, north-west. Then where is the
position of Khader’s home in relation to Ramu’s?
(a) South-East (b) South-West (c) North-West (d) East

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

49. Ramesh walked 3 km, towards West and turned to his left and walked 2 km. He,
then turned to his right and walked 3 km. Finally, he turned to his right again and
walked another 2 km. In which direction is Ramesh from his starting point now?
(a) East (b) West (c) North (d) South

50. Deepa starts walking towards north and after a while she turns to her right. After
walking some distance, she turns to her left and walks a distance of 1 km. She then
turns to her left again. In which direction she moving now?
(a) North (b) West (c) East (d) South

51. Raman starts walking in the morning facing the Sun. After sometime, he turned to
the left later again he turned to his left. At what direction is Raman moving now?
(a) East (b) West (c) South (d) North

52. A starts walking towards North turns left, again turns left, turns right, again turns
right once again turns left. In which direction is A walking now?
(a) East (b) South (c) West (d) South-East

53. X walks southwards and then turns right, then left and then right,. In which direction
is he moving now?
(a) South (b) North (c) West (d) South-West

54. A man started to walk East. After moving a distance, he turned to his right. After
moving a distance, he turned to his right again. After moving a little he turned in
the end to his left. In which direction was he going now.?
(a) North (b) South (c) East (d) West

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

HOMEWORK SOLUTION

Q.1

Option C

Q.2

Option D

Q.3

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.4

Option C

Q.5

Option B

Q.6

Option B

Q.7

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.8

Option C

Q.9

Option B

Q.10

Option D

Q.11

Option A

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.12

Option C

Q.13

Option A

Q.14

Option D

Q.15

Option A

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.16

Option A

Q.17

Option D

Q.18

Option D

Q.19

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.20

Option A

Q.21

Option D

Q.22

Option B

Q.23

Option A

Q.24

Option C

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.25

Option A

Q.26

Option B

Q.27

Option B

Q.28

Option A

Correction answer should be
(South West)

Q.29

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.30

Option B

Q.31

Option B

Q.32

Option A

Q.33

Option C

Q.34

Option C

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.35

Option A

Q.36

Option A

Q.37

Option C

Q.38

Option C

Q.39

Sohan

Option A

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.40

Option B

Q.41

Option B

Q.42

Option C

Q.43

Option C

Q.44

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Option C
Q.45

Option A

Q.46

Option B

Q.47

Option A

Q.48

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.49

Option B

Q.50

Option B

Q.51

Option B

Q.52

Option C

Q.53

Option C

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.54

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

SELF ASSESSMENT

1. Aditya walked 20 m towards North. Then he turned right and walks 30 m. Then he
turns right and walk 35 m. Then he turns left and walk 15 m. finally he turns left
and walk 15 m. In which direction and how many meters is he from the starting
point?
a) 15 m West b) 30 m East c) 30 m West d) 45 m East

2. Jay (Starts from A) walked 5m towards West, then turned left and walked 5m.
Again turned left and walked 5 m. again turned left and walked 6 m. How far he is
from A.
a) 1m (b) 2 m c) 3 m d) 4 m

3. Shivam started from his house towards West. After walking a distance of 15 km
he turned to the right and walked 10 km. He again turned to the right and walked
5 km. After this he is to turn right at 135° and covered 10 km. In which direction
should be go?
a) South b) S-W c) S-E d) North

4. After walking 6 km, I turned to the right and then walked 2 km. After then I turned
to the left and walked 10 km. In the end, I was moving towards the North. From
which direction did I start my Journey?
a) North b) South c) East d) West

5. Reena walked from A to B in the East 10 Feet. The she turned to the right and
walked 3 Feet. Again she turned to the right and walked 14 Feet. How far is she
from A?
a) 4 FT b) 5 FT c)12 FT d) 13 FT

6. ‘If A xB means A is to the South ofB.A + B means A is to the North of B, A% B means

A is to East of B, A - B means A is to the West of B, then in P% Q + R - S, S is in which
direction with respect to Q?
a) S-W b) S-E c) N-E d) N-W

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7. Four friends A, B, C, D live in a same locality. The house of B is in the East ofA’s house
but in the North of C’s house. The house of C is in the West of D’s house. D’s house
is in which direction of A’s house?
a) S-E b) N-E c) East (d) North

8. Mohan starts from point A and walk 1 km towards South, turns left and walk 1 km.
Then he turns left again and walk 1 km. Now he is facing.
a) East b) West c) North d) South

9. Dev walks20m towards North. He then turns left and walks 40 m. He again turns
left and walks 20 m. Further, he moved 20 m after turning to the right. How far is
he from his original position?
a) 20 m b) 30 m c) 50 m d) 60 m

10. A walks Southwards, then turn right, then left and then right. In which direction is
he from the starting point?
a) South West b) West c) East d) North

11. A is located to the West of B, C is located at North in between A and B. D is exactly

to the South of B and also in line with B. In which direction of C is D located?
a) South b) S-E c) West d) S-W

12. A man is facing East, then he turns left and goes to 10 meter then turns right and
goes 5 meter then goes 5 meter to the south and from their 5 meter to West. In
which direction is he from his original place?
a) East b) West c) North d) South

13. I stand with my right-hand extended side-ways towards South. Towards which
direction will my back be?
a) North b) West c) East d) South

14. Manu wants to go to the market. He starts from his house towardsNorth reaches at
a crossing after 30m. He turns towards East, goes 10m till the second crossing and
turns again, moves towards South straight for 30m where marketing complex exits.
In which direction is the market from his house?
a) North b) East c) South d) West

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15. Madhuri moved a distance of 75 meters toward north. She then turned to the left
and walking for about 25m, turned left again and walks 80m. Finally she turned to
the right at an angle of 45°. In which direction was she moving finally?
a) South – East b) South – West
c) North - West d) North – East

16. a man starts from a point, walk 3 km towards North, turns towards his right and
walks 3 km, turns right again and walk. What is the direction nowhe is facing?
a) South b) North c) West d) East

17. A person moves towards North up to n km, then walked towards East upto 10
km, then take right turn towards South and walked upto 10 km, again he moved
towards West and reached at start point. What is the value of n.
a) 10 km b) 20 km c) 1 km d) 2 km

18. One morning Sujata started to walk towards the sun. After covering some distance
she turned to right then again to the right and after covering some distance she
again turn to the right. Now in which direction is she facing.
a) North b) South c) N-E d) S-W

19. Ramu is going towards North from his house. After covering a distance of 6 km he
turned towards left and covered a distance of 8 km. What is the shortest distance
now from his house?
a) 15 km b) 10 km c) 25 km d) 20 km

20. You go North, turn right, then right again and then go to left. In which direction are
you now?
a) South b) East c) West d) North

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ANSWER

1. D 2. A
3. B 4. B
5. B 6. B
7. A 8. C
9. D 10. A
11. B 12. C
13. B 14. B
15. C 16. A
17. A 18. A
19. B 20 B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Explanatory solutions

Q.1

Option D

Q.2

Option A

Q.3

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.4

Option B

Q.5

Option B

Q.6

Option B

Q.7

Option A

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.8

Option C

Q.9

Option D

Q.10

Option D

Q.11

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.12

Option C

Q.13

Option B

Q.14

Option B

Q.15

Option C
Northwest

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.16

Option A

Q.17

Option A

Q.18

Option A

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.19

Option B

Q.20

Option B

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

3 SEATING ARRANGEMENT

Sitting arrangement questions are based on the sitting sequence pattern, direction,
facing outside or inside etc.

Different types of Questions covered.

1. Linear arrangement

2. Circular arrangement

3. Polygonal arrangement

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

CLASS WORK SECTION

LINEAR ARRANGEMENT

1. Four girls are seated for a photograph Shikha is left of Reena. Manju is to the right
of Reena. Reeta is between Reena and Manju. Who is the second left in photograph.
(J-2019)
a) Reena b) Manju c) Reeta d) Shikha

2. 5 friends are sitting on a bench. A is to the left of B but on the right of C. D is to the
right of B but on the left of E. Who are at the extremes?
a) A, B b) A, D c) B, D d) C, E

3. Five students A, B, C, D and E are standing in a row. D is on the right of E, B is on

the left of E but on the right of A. D is next to C on his left. The student in middle is
(N-2018)
a) B b) E c) C d) A

4. Five children are sitting in a row. S is sting next to P but not T. K is sitting next to R,
who is sitting on the extreme left and T is not sitting next to K. Who is/are adjacent
to S? (M-2018)
a) K and P b) R and P c) only P d) P and T.

5. Five boys are standing in a row facing East, Pavan is to the left of Tavan, Vipin,
Chavan. Tavan, Vipin and Chavan are to the left of Nakul. Chavan is between Tavan
and Vipin. If Vipin is fourth from the left, then how far is Tavan from the right?
a) First b) Second c) Third d) Fourth

6. Five senior citizens are living in a multistoried building Mr. Muan lives in a flat above
Mr. Ashokan, Mr. Lokesh lives in a flat below Mr. Gaurav, Mr. Ashokan lives in a flat
above Mr. Gaurav and Mr. Rakesh lives in a flat below Mr. Lokesh. Who lives in the
topmost flat? (M-2018)
a) Mr. Lokesh b) Mr. Gaurav c) Mr. Muan d) Mr. Rakesh

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

7. Five boys A, B, C, D and E are sitting on a stair in the following way

E is above A
D is under B
B is under A
D is between B and C
Who is at the lowest position of the stair?
a) A b) C c) E d) B

8. Six children A, B, C, D E and F are standing in a row.

B is between F and D.
E is between A and C
A does not stand next to F or D.
C does not stand next to D.
F is between which of the following pairs of children? (M-2018)
a) B and E b) B and C c) B and D d) B and A

9. Eight persons A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting in a line.

E is second right to D.
H sits fourth left to D.
C and F are immediate neighbors, but C is not immediate neighbor of A.
G is not neighbor of E
Only two person sit between A and E.
The persons on left end and right end respectively are
a) G and E b) B and E c) H and E d) G and B

10. There are eight books kept one over the other. Two books are on Organisational
Behaviour, two books on TQM, three books on Industrial Relations and one book
is on Economics, counting from the top, the second, fifth and sixth books are on
Industrial Relations. Two books on Industrial Relations are between two books on
TQM. One book of Industrial Relations is between two books on Organisational
Behaviour while the book above the book of Economics is book of TQM. Which book
is the last book from the top?
a) Economics b) TQM
c) Industrial Relations d) Organisational Behaviour

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Directions: (Q. no. 11 to 15)

Read the following information carefully to answer the given questions.
A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are seated in straight line facing North.
C sits fourth to left of G.
D sits seconds to right of G.
Only two people sit between D and A.
B and F are immediate neighbors of each other.
B is not an immediate neighbour of A.
H is not an immediate neighbour of D.

11. Who amongst the following sits exactly in the middle of the persons who sit fifth
from the left and the person who sits sixth from the right?
a) C b) H c) E d) F

12. Who amongst the following sits third to the right of C?

a) B b) F c) A d) E

13. Which of the following represents persons seated at the two extreme ends of the
line?
a) C, D b) A, B c) B, G d) D, H

14. What is the position of H with respect to F?

a) Third to the left b) Immediate right
c) Second right d) Fourth to left

15. How many persons are seated between A and E?

a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four

Directions (Q. no. 16 to 20)

Read the following information carefully and answer the following questions based on it.
Ten students – A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J are sitting in a row facing West.
B and F are not sitting on either of the edges.
G is sitting to the left of D and H is sitting to the right of J
There are four persons between E and A.
I is immediate to the North of B and F immediate is to the South of D.
J is in middle of A and D and G is in middle of E and F

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

There are two persons between H and C.

16. Who is sitting at the seventh-place counting from left?

a) H b) C c) J d) Either H or C

17. Who among the following is definitely sitting at one of the ends?
a) C b) H c) E d) Cannot be determined

18. Who are immediate neighbours of I?

a) BC b) BH c) AH d) (a) or (b)

19. Who is sitting second left of D?

a) G b) F c) E d) J

20. If G and A interchange their positions, then who become the immediate neighbours
of E?
a) G and F b) Only F c) Only A d) J and H

Circular Arrangement
1. Four girls A, B, C and D are sitting around a circle facing the centre. B and C are in
front of each other, which of the following is definitely true?
a) A and D are in front of each other
b) A is not between B and C
c) D is to the left of C
d) A is to the left of C

2. Five persons are sitting facing centre of a circle. Pramod is sitting to the right of
Rajan. Raju is sitting between Brejesh and Naveen. Raju is to the left of Brejesh and
Rajan is to right of Brejesh. Who is sitting to the left of Naveen?
a) Pramod b) Raju c) Brejesh d) Rajan

3. Six persons are sitting in a circle facing the centre of the circle. Parikh is between
Babita and Narendra. Asha is between Chitra and Pankaj. Chitra is to the immediate
left of Babita. Who is to the immediate right of Babita?
a) Parikh b) Pankaj c. Narendra d. Chitra

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Directions (Q. no.4 to 6)

Read the following information carefully to answer the question that follow:
Six girls are sitting in a circle.
Sonia is sitting opposite to Radhika.
Poonam is sitting right of Radhika but left of Deepti.
Monika is sitting left of Radhika
Kamini is sitting right of Sonia and left of Monika
Now, Deepti and Kamini, Monika and Radhika mutually exchange their positions.

4. Who will be opposite to Sonia?

a) Radhika b) Monika c) Kamini d) Sonia

5. Who will be sitting left of Kamini?

a) Poonam b) Deepti c) Radhika d) Sonia

6. Who will be sitting left of Deepti?

a) Sonia b) Monika c) Radhika d)Poonam

Direction (Q.no. 7 to 10)

Eight friends A, B, C, D, E, F G and H are sitting around a circle facing the centre
but not necessarily in the same order. G sits third to left of D. Only one person sits
between D and F. B sits second to right of H. H is not an immediate neighbour of D.
C is not an immediate neighbour of D. E is an immediate neighbour of H.

7. What is the position of E with respect to the position of C?

a) Third to the left b) Second to the left
c) Immediate right d) Third to the right

8. Who amongst the following sits exactly between A and G?

a) B b) C c) E d) F

9. Three of the following four are alike in a certain way and thus form a group. Which
is the one that does not belong to that group?
a) CG b) AE c) HD d) EC

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

10. Who amongst the following sits third to the left of F?

a) A b) B c) C d) G

Polygonal Arrangement

1. Four boys and four girls are sitting around a square facing the centre. One person
is sitting at each corner and at the midpoint of each side of the square. Madhu is
sitting diagonally opposite to Usha who is to the right of Geeta. Ram who is to the
left of Geeta is diagonally opposite to Gopi who is to the left of Bose. Position of
Suma is not to the right off Madhu but in front of Prema. Who is sitting opposite to
Bose?
a) Geeta b)Prema c) Suma d) Madhu

2. Five children A, B, C D and E are sitting along the corners of a pentagonal table
facing the centre. B is between E and C. D is to the right of E. Who is to the left of
C?
a) B b) A c) D d) C

Directions (Q. no.3 to 6)

Read the following information carefully to answer the question that follow:
Six people A, B, C, D, E and F are sitting on the ground in a hexagonal shape. All the
sides of hexagon so formed are of same length. A is not adjacent to B or C. D is not
adjacent to C or E. B and C are adjacent. F in the middle of D and C.

3. Which of the following is not a correct neighbour pair?

a) A and F b) D and F c) B and E d) C and F

4. Who is at the same distance from D as E is from D?

a) B b) C c) D d) F

5. Which of the following group has the correct order of arrangement?

a) A,F, B b) F, A, E c) B, C, F d) D, A, B

6. If one neighbour of A is D, who is the other one?

a) B b) C c) E d) F

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Directions (Q. no.7 to 10)

Read the following information carefully to answer the question that follow:
Eight friends P, Q, R, S, T, V, W and Y are sitting around a square table. Out of eight,
four persons are sitting at the corners of the table and the other four are sitting at
the mid-points of each side of the table. Persons at the corners are facing the centre
while the persons at the mid-points of side are facing outside. S is third to the right
of P. P is facing the centre, Y is not sitting beside P or S. T is third to the right of R. R
is not sitting at the mid-point of any side of the table. R is also not beside Y. There
is only one person between P and V. Q is not sitting beside V.

7. Which of the following is true regarding Y?

a) T is not sitting beside Y
b) Y is sitting at the midpoint of side
c) R is second to the left of Y
d) P and V are beside Y

8. Who is forth to the left of V?

a) Y b) R c) T d) Q

9. What is the position of Q in respect of R?

a) Immediate right
b) Second to the left
c) Third to the left
d) Third to the right

10. Who is third to the right of W?

a) R b) S c) Q d) Y

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

HOMEWORK SECTION

1. Five boys A, B, C, D and E are sitting in a row A is to the right of B and E is to the left
of B but to the right of C. A is to the left of D. Who is second from the left end?
(U.P.B.Ed 2013)
(a) D (b) A (c) E (d) B

2. There are five different houses, A to E, in a row. A is to the right of B and E is to the
left of C and right of A, B is to the right of D. Which of the houses is in the middle?
IB CA (IO) 2013)
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

3. Five friends P, Q, R, S and T are sitting in a row facing North. Here, S is between T
and Q and Q is to the immediate left of R. P is to the immediate left of T. Who is in
the middle? (SSC (Multi Task) 2014)
(a) S (b) T (c) Q (d) R

4. Six children A, B, C, D, E and F are standing in a row. B is between F and D. E is

between A and C. A does not stand next to F or D. C does not stand next to D. F is
between which of the following pairs of children? (SSC (FCI) 2012)
(a) B and E (b) B and C (c) B and D (d) B and A

5. There are eight books kept one over the other. Two books are on Organisation
Behaviour, two books on TQM, three books on Industrial Relations and one book is
on Economics. Counting from the top, the second, fifth and sixth books are on
Industrial Relations. Two books on Industrial Relations are between two books on
TQM. One book of Industrial Relations is between two books on Organizational
Behaviour while the book above the book of Economics is a book of TQM. Which
book is the last book from the top? (MAT 2011)
(a) Economics (b) TQM
(c) Industrial Relations (d) Organizational Behaviour

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6. Five boys are standing in a row facing East. Pavan is left of Tavan, Vipin and Chavan
to the left of Nakul. Chavan is between Tavan and Vipin. Vipin is fourth from the
left, then how far is Tavan from the right? (CLAT 2014)
(a) First (b) Second (c) Third (d) Fourth

7. Six persons M, N, O, P, Q and R are sitting in two row with three persons in each row.
Both the row are in front of each other. Q is not at the end of any row. P is second
the left of R. O is the neighbour of Q and diagonally opposite to P. N is the neighbour
of R. Who is in front of N? (UPSC (CSAT) 2011)
(a) R (b) Q (c) P (d) M

8. Six persons A, B, C, D, E and F are sitting in two row, three in each row. (MAT 2011)
(I) E is not at the end of any row
(II) D is second to the left of F
(III) C, the neighbor of E, is sitting diagonally opposite to D
(IV) B is the neighbor of F.
Which of the following are in one of the two rows?
(a) D, B and F (b) C, E and B (c) A, E and F (d) F, B, C

Direction (Q.No.9): Read the following information carefully and answer the question
that follows. Five boys A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 are sitting in a stair in the following way.
(RRB (TC/CC) 2010)
I. A5 is above A1
II. A4 is under A2
III. A2 is under A1
IV. A4 is between A2 and A3.

9. Who is at the lowest position of the stair?

(a) A1 (b) A3 (c) A5 (d) A2

10. Five children are sitting in a row. S is sitting next to P but not T. K is sitting next to R,
who is sitting on the extreme left and T is not sitting next to K. Who is/are adjacent
to S? (NIFT (UG) 2014)
(a) K and P (b) R and P (c) Only P (d) P and T

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11. Five senior citizens are living in a multi-storeyed building. Mr. Muan lives in a flat
above Mr. Ashokan, Mr. Lokesh in a flat below Mr. Gaurav, Mr. Ashokan lives in a
flat above Mr. Gaurav and Mr. Rakesh lives in a flat below Mr. Lokesh. Who lives in
the topmost flat? (MAT 2013).
(a) Mr. Lokesh (b) Mr. Gaurav (c) Mr. Muan (d) Mr. Rakesh

12. In a gathering seven members are sitting in a row. ‘C’ is sitting left to ‘B’ but on the
right to ‘D’. ‘A’ is sitting right to ‘B’, ‘F; is sitting right to ‘E’ but left to ‘D’. ‘H’ is sitting
left to ‘E’. Find the person sitting in the middle (SSC (10+2) 2013)
(a) C (b) D (c) E (d) F

Directions (Q. no. 13 to 17): Study the following information carefully to answer the
given questions. A to H are seated in straight line facing North. C sits fourth left of G. D
sits second to right of G. Only two people sit between D and A. B and F are immediate
neighbours of each other. B is not an immediate neighbour of A. H is not neighbour of D.
(GIC 2012)

13. Who amongst the following sits exactly in the middle of the persons who sit fifth
from the left and the person who sit sixth from the right?
(a) C (b) H (c) E (d) F

14. Who amongst the following sits third to the right of C?

(a) B (b) F (c) A (d) E

15. Which of the following represents persons seated at the two extreme ends of the
line?
(a) C, D (b) A, B (c) B, G (d) D, H

16. What is the position of H with respect to F?

(a) Third to the left (b) Immediate right
(c) Second to right (d) Fourth to left

17. How many persons are seated between A and E?

(a) One (b) Two (c) Three (d) Four Directions

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(Q. No. 18-22) (MAT 2012)

Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions.
Ten students are A to J are sitting in a row facing west.
I. B and F are not sitting on either of the edges.
II. G is sitting left of D and H is sitting to the right of J.
III. There are four persons between E and A
IV. I is immediate north of B and F is immediate south of D.
V. J is in middle of A and D and G is in middle of E and F.
VI. There are two persons between H and C.

18. Who is sitting at the seventh place counting from left?

(a) H (b) C (c) J (d) Either H or C

19. Who among the following is de nitely sitting at one of the ends?
(a) C (b) H
(c) E (d) Cannot be determined

20. Who are immediate neighbours of I?

(a) BC (b) BH
(c) AH (d) BC or BH

21. Who is sitting second left of D?

(a) G (b) F (c) E (d) J

22. If G and A interchange their positions, then who become the immediate neighbours
of E?
(a) G and F (b) Only F (c) Only A (d) J and H

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Directions (Q. no. 23 & 24) Read the following information carefully and then answer the
questions that follow. A group of singers, facing the audience, are standing in line on the
stage as follows.
I. D is to the right to C
II. F is standing beside G.
III. B is immediate left of F
IV. E is immediate left of A
V. C and B have one person between them
VI. A and D have one person between them

23. Who is on the second extreme right?

(a) D (b) F (c) G (d) E

24. If we start counting from the left, on which number is B?

(a) 1st (b) 2nd (c) 3rd (d) 5th

Directions (Q. No. 25- 27): Study the following information carefully to answer the given
questions. Eight persons P to W are sitting in front of one another in two rows. Each row
has four persons. P is between U and V and facing North. W is opposite to Q, who is to
the immediate left of S. R is between T and S and W is to the immediate right of V. (UCO
Bank 2011)

25. Who is sitting in front of R?

(a) U (b) Q (c) V (d) P

26. Who is to the immediate right of R?

(a) S (b) U (c) S or Q (d) None of these

27. In which of the following pairs, persons are sitting in front of each other?
(a) SV (b) RV (c) TV (d) UR

28. Four girls A, B, C, D are sitting around a circle facing the centre. B and C infront of
each other, which of the following is definitely true? (MAT 2009)
(a) A and D infront of each other (b) A is not between B and C
(c) D is left of C (d) A is left of C

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

HOMEWORK SOLUTION

1.

2.

3.

4.

5. 1 OB
2 IR
3 OB
4 TQM
5 IR
6 IR
7 TQM
8 ECO

Option A

6.

7.

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

8.

Option A

9.

Option B

10.
Option D

11.

Option C

12.
Option B

13. to 17.

13. Option D
14. Option C
15. Option D
16. Option A
17. Option A

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

18. to 22.

18. Option D
19. Option C
20. Option D
21. Option A
22. Option C

23 to 24

23. Option B
24. Option D

25 to 27

25. Option D
26. Option D
27. Option A

28.

Option A

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

SELF ASSESSMENT

1. Five senior citizens are living in a multi-storeyard building. Mr Muan lives a flat
above Mr. Ashokan, Mr. Lokesh in a flat below Mr. Gaurav, Mr. Ashokan lives in a flat
above Mr. Gaurav and Mr. Rakesh lives in a flat below Mr. Lokesh. Who lives in the
top most flat?
a) Mr. Lokesh b) Mr. Gaurav c) Mr. Muan d) Mr. Rakesh

2. Five children are sitting in a row, S is sitting next to P but not T.K is sitting next to R,
who is sitting on the extreme left and T is not sitting next to K. Who is/are adjacent
to S.
a) K+P b) R+P c) Only P d) P and T

3. Five students A, B, C, D and E are standing in a row. D is on the right of E, B is on the

left of E but on the right of A. D is next to C on his left. The student in middle is
a) B b) E c) C d) A

4. In a straight line there are six person sitting in a row? B is between F and D. E is
between A and C. A does not stand next to F or D, C does not stand next to D. F is
between which of the following person?
a) B and E b) B and C c) B and D d) B and A

5. Five boys A, B, C, D, E are sitting in a row A is the right of B and E is to the left to B
but to the right of C. A is to the left to D. Who is second from the left end?
a) D b) A c) E d) B

6. Six Persons M N O P Q and R are sitting in two row with three persons in each row.
Both the row are in front of each other. Q is not at the end of any row. P is second
the left of R. O is the neighbor of Q and diagonally opposite to P. N is the neighbor
of R. Who is in front of N?
a) R b) Q c) P d) M

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Direction to solve Q. No. 7 to 15

A, B, C, D and E are five men sitting in a line facing to South-while M, N, O, P and Q are
the five ladies sitting in a second line parallel to the first line and are facing to North.
a) B who is just next to the right of D, is opposite to Q.
b) C and N are diagonally opposite to each other.
c) P who is just to the left of O, is opposite to D.
d) M is at one end of the line
e) E is opposite to O

7. Who is sitting between M and P

a) Q b) P c) E d) D

8. Which of the following pair is diagonally opposite to each other?

a) EQ b) BO c) AN d) AM

9. Who is the extreme left of E?

a) D b) A c) E d) O

10. In the original arrangement who is sitting just opposite to N?

a) B b) A c) C d) D

11. How many persons are there between N & P?

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

12. Who among the following sit next to each other ?

a) C and D b) N and P c) M and Q d) D and A

13. Who among the following sit on the immediate right of D?

a) G b) E c) F d) B

14. Who among the following sits third to the right of A?

a) C b) G c) B d) E

15. Which is true with regard to B?

a) B is second to the right of A b) B is fourth to the left of N.
c) B sits between C and D d) B sits at the extreme left

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Instructions to solve (Q.16 to 20)

I) P, Q, R, S, T, U and V are sitting on a wall and all of them are facing West.
II) S is the immediate left of R.
III) T is at an extreme end and has Q as his neighbour
IV) V is between Q and U.
V) S is sitting third from the north end.

16. Who is the sitting to the left of S?

a) Q b) U c) T d) R e) P

17. Which of the following pairs of people are sitting at the extreme ends?
a) TQ b) PR c) TP d) ST e) VP

18. Name the person who should change places with R such that he gets the fourth
place from the South end?
a) P b) S c) Q d) T e) U

19. Immediately between which of the following pairs of people S is sitting?

a) UR b) PQ c) VP d) TU e) RV

20. Which of the conditions given above are not required to find out the place in which
P is sitting?
a) I b) II c) IV
d) III e) All required

ANSWER
1. C 2. D
3. B 4. B
5. C 6. B
7. A 8. D
9. B 10. B
11. A 12. C
13. D 14. C
15. C 16. B
17. C 18. E
19. A 20 E

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Explanatory Solution

Q.1
Mr. Muan

Option C

Q.2 Arrangement → R K P S T Option D

Q.3 Arrangement → A B E D C Option B

Q.4 Arrangement → A E C F B D Option B

Q.5 Arrangement → C E B A D Option C

Q.6

Option B

Q.7 to Q.15

North
C B D E A ↓
M Q P O N ↑

South

Q.7 → Option A

Q.8 → Option D

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 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.9 → Option B

Q.10 → Option B

Q.11 → Option A

Q.12 → Option C

Q.13 → Option D

Q.14 → Option C

Q.15 → Option C

Q.16 to Q.20
Arrangement
West
→ South T Q V U S R P North
East
Q.16 → Option B

Q.17 → Option C

Q.18 → Option E

Q.19 → Option A

Q.20 → Option E

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4 BLOOD RELATION

Blood relation between two individuals is defined as a relation between them by

the virtue of their birth rather than by their marriage or any other reasons.

Different Types of Blood Relation questions

1. Blood relation based on Conversation

2. Blood relation based on Puzzles

3. Symbolically Coded Blood Relationship

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CLASS WORK SECTION

Type 1. Blood relation based on Conversation

1. Pointing towards a woman, Suresh said, “She is the daughter of my father’s sister”.
How is the woman related to Suresh?
a) Brother b) Cousin c) Uncle d) Sister

2. Vinod introduces Vishal as the son of the only brother of his father’s wife. How is
Vinod related to Vishal? (M-2018)
a) Cousin b) Brother c) Son d) Uncle

3. Suresh introduces a man as “he is the son of the woman who is the mother of the
husband of my mother”. How is Suresh related to the man? (M-2018)
a) Brother in law b) Son c) Brother d) Father.

4. Pointing to a picture, Summit said, she is the mother of my son’s wife’s daughter.
How is lady related to the Summit. (J-2019)
a) Uncle b) Cousin c) Daughter d) None

5. Mathew told his friend Sham, pointing to a photograph, “Her father is the only son
of my mother.” The photograph is of whom?
a) Mathew’s niece b) Mathew’s mother
c) Mathew’s daughter d) Mathew’s sister

6. Introducing Amrita, Raj said “Her mother is the only daughter of my Mother-in Law”.
How is Raj related to Amrita?
a) Husband b) Father c) Wife d) Uncle

7. Pointing to a lady Rishi said, “The son of her brother is the brother of my wife”. How
is this lady related to Rishi?
a) Mother-in Law b) Mother’s sister
c) Sister of Father-in Law d) None of the above.

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8. Pointing towards a boy Veena said “He is son of only son of my grandfather”. How is
that boy related to Veena?
a) Uncle b) Brother c) Cousin d) Data inadequate

9. A prisoner introduced a boy who came to visit him to the jailor as “Brothers and
sisters I have none, he is my father’s son’s son”. Who is the boy?
a) Nephew b) Son c) Cousin d) Uncle

10. Pointing towards a girl, Anurag says, “This girl is the daughter of the only child of
my father”. What is the relation of Anurag’s wife with the girl?
a) Sister b) Aunt c) Daughter d) Mother

Type 2. Blood relation based on Puzzle

Directions (Q. no.1 to 4)

Read the following information carefully to answer the question that follow:
There are six children playing football, namely, P, Q, R, S, T and U.
P and T are brothers,
U is the sister of T.
R is the only son of P’s Paternal uncle,
Q and S are the daughters of the only brother of R’s father.

1. How is R related to U?
a) Cousin b) Brother c) Son d) Uncle

2. How many male players are there?

a) One b) Three c) Four d) Five

3. How many female players are there?

a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four

4. How is S related to P?
a) Uncle b) Sister c) Niece d) Cousin

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5. Six persons are seen together in a group. They are A, B, C, D, E and F.

B is brother of D, but D is not brother of B,
F is brother of B.
C and A are married together.
F is son of C, but C is not mother of F.
E is brother of A.
The number of female member in the group is (N-2018)
a)1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

6. P and Q are brothers R and S are sisters, P’s son is R’s brother. How is Q related to
R? (M-2018)
a) Uncle b) Brother c) Father d) Grandfather

7. P’s father is Q’s son. M is the paternal uncle of P and N is the brother of Q. How is M
related to N?
a) Nephew b) Cousin
c) Data inadequate d) None of these

8. T, S and R are three brothers. T’s son Q is married to K and they have one child
Rahul blessed to them. M the son of S is married to H and this couple is blessed
with a daughter Madhvi. R has daughter N who is married to P. This couple has one
daughter Karuna born to them. How is Madhvi related to S?
a) Daughter b) Niece
c) Granddaughter d) None of these

9. Arti and Saurabh are the children of Mr and Mrs Shah. Ritu and Shakti are the
children of Mr and Mrs Mehra. Saurabh and Ritu are married to each other and
two daughter Mukti and Shruti are born to them. Shakti is married to Rina and two
children Subhash and Reshma are born to them. How is Arti related to Shruti?
a) Mother b) Mother-in Law c) Sister d) Aunt

10. In a family, there are seven persons comprising two married couple. T is the only
son of M and the grandson of K. M is a widower. M and R are brothers and W is the
daughter in law of J, who is the mother of R and the grandmother of D. How is D
related to M?
a) Son b) Son in law c) Nephew or Niece d) Brother

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Type 3. Symbolically Coded Blood Relation

Directions (Q. no.1 & 2)

Read the following information carefully to answer the question that follow:
‘P x Q’ means ‘P is sister of Q’.
‘P + Q’ means ‘P is mother of Q’
‘P – Q’ means ‘P is father of Q’
‘P ÷ Q’ means ‘P is brother of Q’

1. Which of the following represents ‘M is the nephew of R’?

a) M ÷ T – R b) R ÷ T – M c) R x T + M x J d) R ÷ T – M ÷ J

2. Which of the following represents W is the grandfather of H?

a) W + T – H b) W ÷ T – H c) W x T + H d) None of these

3. If P + Q means P is the mother of Q.

P ÷ Q means p is the father of Q.
P – Q means P is the sister of Q.
Then which of the following relationship shows that M is the daughter of R?
(N-2018)
a) R ÷ M + N b) R + N ÷ M c) R – M ÷ N d) None of these

4. If ‘A x D’ means ‘A is sister of D’,

‘A + D’ means ‘D is the daughter of A’
‘A ÷ D’ means ‘A is the mother of D,
Then how will N is the aunt of M be denoted?
a) M + L x N b) M ÷ L + N c) L x N ÷ M d) N x L ÷M

5. S x T means that S is the mother of T

S + T means that S is father of T
S – T means that S is the sister of T
On the basis of this information, you have to select the option which shows that A
is the grandfather of T?
a) A + S + B – T b) A x B + C – T
c) A + B – C x T d) (a) & (c) both

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Directions (Q. no.6 to 10)

Read the following information carefully to answer the question that follow:
‘A + B’ means ‘A is the father of B’
‘A x B’ means ‘A is the sister of B’
‘A $ B’ means ‘A is the wife of B’
‘A % B’ means ‘A is the mother of B’
‘A ÷ B’ means ‘A is the son of B.’

6. What should come in place of the question mark, to establish that J is the brother
of T in the expression?
J÷P%H?T%L
a) x b) ÷ c) $ d) Either + or x

7. Which among the given expression indicate that M is the daughter of D?

a) L % R $ D + T x M
b) L + R $ D + M x T
c) L % R % D + T ÷ M
d) L $ D ÷ R % M ÷ T

8. Which among the following options is true, if the expression 'I + T % J x L ÷ K' is
definitely true?
a) L is the daughter of T
b) K is the son in law of I
c) I is the grandmother of L
d) J is the brother of L

9. Which among the following expressions is true, if Y is the son of X is definitely false?
a) W%LxTxY÷X
b) W+LxTxY÷X
c) X+LxTxY÷W
d) W$X+L+Y+T

10. What should come in the place of the question mark, to establish that T is the sister
in law of Q in the expression
R%TxP?Q+V
a) + b) % c) x d) $

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HOMEWORK SECTION

1. A is B’s brother. C is A’s mother. D is C’s father, E is B’s son. How is D related to A?
(a) Son (b) Grandson
(c) Grandfather (d) Great Grandfather

2. As is B’s brother. C is A’s father. D is C’s sister and E is D’s mother. How is B related
to E?
(a) Grand-daughter (b) Great grand daughter
(c) Grandaunt (d) Daughter

3. A is B’s Sister. C is B’s Mother. D is C’s Father. E is D’s Mother. Then how is A related
to D?
(a) Grandmother (b) Grandfather
(c) Daughter (d) Grand-daughter

4. A is the father of B. C is the daughter of B. D is the brother of B. E is the son of A.

What is the relationship between C and E?
(a) Brother and sister (b) Cousins
(c) Niece and uncle (d) Uncle and aunt

5. If P is the husband of Q and R is the mother of S and Q. What is R to P?

(a) Mother (b) Sister
(c) Aunt (d) Mother-in Law

6. P and Q are brothers. R and S are sister. P’s son is S’s brother. How is Q related to R?
(a) Uncle (b) Brother
(c) Father (d) Grandfather

7. X is the husband of Y. W is the daughter of X. Z is husband of W. N is the daughter

of Z. What is the relationship of N to Y?
(a) Cousin (b) Niece
(c) Daughter (d) Grand-daughter

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8. A reads a book and find the name of the author familiar. The author ‘B’ is the
paternal uncle of C. C is the daughter of A. How is B related to A?
(a) Brother (b) Sister
(c) Father (d) Uncle

9. A’s mother D is sister of B and D has a daughter C who is 21 years old. How is B
related to C?
(a) Uncle (b) Maternal Uncle
(c) Niece (d) Son

10. A is B’s brother. C is A’s mother. D is C’s father. F is A’s son. How is F related to D?
(a) Son (b) Grandson
(c) Grand-grandson (d) Grand-daughter

11. A is B’s brother. C is A’s mother. D is C’s father. E is B’s son. How is B related to D?
(a) Son (b) Grand-daughter
(c) Grandfather (d) Great grandfather

12. A is B’s brother. C is A’s mother. D is C’s father. F is B’s son. How is B related to F’s
child?
(a) Aunt (b) Cousin
(c) Nephew (d) Grandfather

13. A is B’s daughter. B is C’s mother. D is C’s brother. How is D related to A?

(a) Father (b) Grandfather
(c) Brother (d) Son

14. A is D’s brother. D is B’s father. B and C are sisters. How is C related to A?
(a) Cousin (b) Niece
(c) Aunt (d) Nephew

15. A is B’s brother. C is A’s mother, D is C’s father. E is B’s son. How is D related to E ?
(a) Grandson (b) Great Grandson
(c) Great Grandfather (d) Grandfather

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16. X and Y are the children of A. A is the father of X but Y is not his son. How is Y
related to A?
(a) Sister (b) Brother
(c) Son (d) Daughter

17. A is B’s brother. C is A’s mother. D is C’s father. E is B’s son. How is E related to A?
(a) Cousin (b) Nephew
(c) Uncle (d) Grandson

18. Based on the statements given below, find out who is the uncle of P? (i) K is the
bother of J (ii) M is the sister of K (iii) P is the brother of N (iv) N is the daughter of J
(a) K (b) J (c) N (d) M

19. A and B are sisters. A is mother of D. B has a daughter C who is married to F. G is

the husband of A. How is C related to D?
(a) Cousin (b) Niece
(c) Aunt (d) Sister-in-law

20. R and S are brothers. X is the sister of Y and X is mother of R. What is Y to S?

(a) Uncle (b) Brother
(c) Father (d) Mother

21. A is B’s brother. C is A’s mother. D is C’s father. B is D’s grand-daughter. How is B
related to C.
(a) Daughter (b) Cousin
(c) Niece (d) Grandaunt

22. A is the son of B while B and C are sisters to one another. E is the mother of C. If D
is the son of E, which of the following statements is correct?
(a) D is the maternal uncle of A (b) E is the brother of B
(c) D is the cousin of A (d) B and D are brothers

23. P is the father of T. T is the daughter of M. M is the daughter of K. What is P to K?

(a) Father (b) Father-in Law
(c) Brother (d) Son-in Law

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24. A and B are brothers. E is the daughter of F. F is the wife of B. What is the relation
of E to A?
(a) Sister (b) Daughter
(c) Niece (d) None of these

25. M and F are a married couple. A and B are sisters. A is the sister of F. Who is B to
M?
(a) Sister (b) Sister-in-law
(c) Niece (d) Daughter

26. If A is the mother of D. B is not the son of C. C is the father of D, D is the sister of B,
then how is A related to B?
(a) Mother (b) Brother
(c) Step son (d) Sister

27. A and B are brother and sister respectively. C is A’s father. D is C’s sister and E is
D’s mother. How is B related to E?
(a) Grand-daughter (b) Great grand-daughter
(c) Aunt (d) Daughter

28. Q is the son of P. X is the daughter of Q. R is the aunty (Bua) of X and L is the son of
R, then what is L to P?
(a) Grandson (b) Grand-daughter
(c) Daughter (d) Nephew

29. P and Q are brothers. R and S are sisters. P’s son is S’s brother. How is Q related to
R?
(a) Uncle (b) Brother
(c) Father (d) Grandfather

30. A and B are the young ones of C. If C is the mother of B but A is not the daughter of
C, then what is the relationship between C and A?
(a) Nephew and Aunty (b) Brother and Sister
(c) Mother and Son (d) Niece and Aunty

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31. A is the mother of D and sister of B. B has a daughter C who is married to F. G is the
husband of A. How is G related to D?
(a) Uncle (b) Husband
(c) Son (d) Father

32. Pointing towards A, B said “your mother is the younger sister of my mother”. How is
A related to B?
(a) Uncle (b) Cousin
(c) Nephew (d) Father

33. A is B’s wife’s husband’s brother. C and D are sisters of B. How is A related to C?
(a) Brother (b) Sister-in-law
(c) Wife (d) Sister

34. A and B are brothers. C and D are sisters. A’s son is D’s brother. How is B related
to C?
(a) Father (b) Brother
(c) Uncle (d) Son

35. A is B’s sister. C is B’s mother. D is C’s father. E is D’s mother. Then how is A related
to D?
(a) Grandmother (b) Grandfather
(c) Daughter (d) Grand-daughter

36. P, Q, R, S, T, U are 6 members of a family in which there are two married couples.
T, a teacher is married to a doctor who is mother of R and U. Q the lawyer is
married to P. P has one son and one grandson. Of the two married ladies one is a
housewife. There is also one student and one male engineer in the family. Which of
the following is true about the grand-daughter of the family?
(a) She is a lawyer (b) She is an engineer
(c) She is a student (d) She is a doctor

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37. Six members of a family namely A, B, C, D, E and F are travelling together. ‘B’ is the
son of C but C is not the mother of B. A and C are married couple. E is the brother of
C. D is the daughter of A. F is the brother of B. How many male members are there
in the family?
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 1

38. A’s mother is sister of B and has a daughter C. How can A be related to B from
among the following?
(a) Niece (b) Uncle
(c) Daughter (d) Father

39. Rajiv is the brother of Atul. Sonia is the sister of Sunil. Atul is the son of Sonia. How
is Rajiv related to Sonia?
(a) Nephew (b) Son
(c) Brother (d) Father

40. Sita is the niece of Ashok. Ashok’s mother is Lakshmi. Kalyani is Lakhshmi’s mother.
Kalyani’s husband is Gopal. Parvathi is the Mother-in Law of Gopal. How is Sita
related to Gopal?
(a) Great grandson’s daughter (b) Gopal’s Sita’s father
(c) Sita is Gopal’s great grand-daughter (d) Grand niece

41. Seema is the daughter-in-law of Sudhir and sister-in-law of Ramesh. Mohan is the
son of Sudhir and only brother of Ramesh. Find the relation between Seema and
Mohan.
(a) Sister-in-law (b) Aunt
(c) Cousin (d) Wife

42. Suresh introduces a man as, “He is the son of the woman who is the mother of the
husband of my mother”. How is Suresh related to the man?
(a) Uncle (b) Son
(c) Cousin (d) Grandson

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43. Pointing to a lady in a photograph. Meera said, “Her father’s son’s wife is my Mother-
in Law”. How is Meera’s husband related to that lady in the photo?
(a) Nephew (b) Uncle
(c) Son (d) Father

44. Pointing to a photograph Vikas said, “She is the daughter of my grandfather’s only
son”. How is she related to Vikas in the photograph?
(a) Father (b) Brother
(c) Sister (d) Mother

45. Suresh’s sister is the wife of Ram. Ram is Rani’s brother. Ram’s father is Madhur.
Sheetal is Ram’s grandmother. Rema is Sheetal is daughter-in-law. Rohit is Rani’s
brother’s son. Who is Rohit to Suresh?
(a) Brother-in-law (b) Son
(c) Brother (d) Nephew

46. Vinod introduces Vishal as the son of the only brother of his father’s wife. How is
Vinod related to Vishal?
(a) Cousin (b) Brother
(c) Son (d) Uncle

47. Among her children, Ganga’s favourites are Ram and Rekha. Rekha is the mother
of Sharat, who is loved most by his maternal uncle Mithun. The head of the family
is Ram Lal, who is succeeded by his sons Gopal and Mohan. Gopal and Ganga have
been married for 35 years and have 3 children. What is the relation between Mithun
and Mohan?
(a) Uncle (b) Son
(c) Brother (d) No relation

48. Rahul and Robin are brothers. Promod is Rohin’s father. Sheela is Pramod’s sister.
Prema is Promod’s niece. Shubha is Sheela’s grand-daughter. How is Rahul related
to Shubha?
(a) Brother (b) Cousin
(c) Uncle (d) Nephew

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49. Preeti has a son, named Arun. Ram is Preeti’s brother. Neeta too has a daughter
named Reema. Neeta is Ram’s sister. What is Arun’s relationship to Reema?
(a) Brother (b) Nephew
(c) Cousin (d) Uncle

50. There are 2 film stars. One is the father of the other’s son. What is the relationship
of the two with each other?
(a) Grandfather and Grandson (b) Grandfather and son
(c) Husband and wife (d) Father and Son

51. Ramu’s mother said to Ramu,“My mother has a son whose son is Achyut”. How is
Achyut relation to Ramu?
(a) Uncle (b) Cousin
(c) Brother (d) Nephew

52. Ravi’s father has a son Rohit who has an aunt Laxmi who has a husband Rao whose
Father-in Law is Mohan. What is the relation of Mohan to Ravi?
(a) Nephew (b) Grandfather
(c) Son (d) Uncle

53. Vijay says, “Ananda’s mother is the only daughter of my mother”. How is Ananda
relation to Vijay?
(a) Brother (b) Father
(c) Nephew (d) Grandfather

54. Introducing a man, a woman said, “His wife is the only daughter of my mother.” How
is the woman related with the man?
(a) Sister-in-law (b) Wife
(c) Aunt (d) Mother-in Law

55. A prisoner introduced a boy who came to visit him to the jailor as “Brothers and
sisters I have none, he is my father’s son’s son”. Who is the boy?
(a) Nephew (b) Son
(c) Cousin (d) Uncle

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HOMEWORK SOLUTION

1. D (Grand Father) – C (Mother) – A & B (Children) – E (Grand Son)

D is Grand Father of A, Option C

2. E (Grand Mother) – C (Father) D (Father’s Sister) – A (Male) & B (Children)

B is grand child of E. No mention is there regarding the gender of B. So B can be
Grand Son or Grand Daughter of E. In the four options given, only Grand Daughter
is given and there is no mention of Grand Son. So we chose Grand Daughter. Option
A

Kindly Note: General answer of these type of missing link question is Can’t be
determined. If option D is open, i.e., None of the above or Can’t be determined, than
its advised that you chose Option D – None of the above or Can’t be determined.

3. E (Great Grand Mother) –D (Grand Father) – C (Mother) – A (Female) & B (Children)

A is Grand Daughter of D. Option D

4. A (Father) – E (Male), B & D(Male) (Children) – C (Grand Daughter, Daughter of B)

C is daughter of B and E is brother of B. C is niece of E, E is uncle of C. Option C

5. R (Mother of Q & S) – P (Husband) + Q (Wife) – S (Brother/Sister of Q)

R is Mother-in Law of P. Option D

6. P (Father) Q(Brother of P) – P (Son) R (Daughter) S (Daughter)

Q is brother of R’s father. Q is uncle of R. Option A

7. X (Husband) + Y (Wife) – W (Daughter) + Z (Daughter’s husband) – N (Grand Daughter)

N is Grand Daughter of Y.
Option D

8. A (Father) + B (Uncle of C) – C (Daughter)

B is uncle of C. B is male. B is brother of A.
Option A

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9. Correct Question is: A’s mother is sister of B and she has a daughter C who is 21
years old. How is B related to C?

Solution:
A and C are siblings – B is maternal uncle/aunt of both A and C.
Again in options only maternal uncle is given and all other options are closed. We
chose Ma-ternal Uncle. Option B

10. D (Grand Father) – C (Mother) – A (Male) & B (Children) – F (Grand Son, son of A)
F is Grand-grandson of D. Option C

11. D (Grand Father) – C (Mother) – A (Male) & B (Children) – E (Grand Son, son of B)
B is grand child of D. B is either male or female (no clue given). Again as per options
given, B is grand-daughter of D. Option B

12. D (Grand Father) – C (Mother) – A (Male) & B (Children) – F (Grand Son, son of B)
B shall be grand-father / mother of F’s child. Again in option only grand-father is
there. We select Option D

13. B (Father / Mother) – A (Daughter), D (Male) & C (Children).

D is brother of A. Option C

14. A (Male) & D – B & C (Daughters of D).

A is uncle of C. C is niece of A. Option B

15. D (Grandfather) – C (Mother) – A (Male) & B (Children) – E (Son of B).

D is great grandfather of E. Option C

16. A – X & Y (Daughter) (Children)

Y is daughter of A.
Option D

17. D (Grandfather) – C (Mother) – A (Male) & B (Children) – E (Son of B)

A is uncle of B. B is Nephew of A.
Option B

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18. M (Female), K (Male) & J – N (Daughter of J) & P (Son of J)

K is uncle of P.
Option A

19. A (Female, Mother), G (Husband of A), B (Female, sister of A ) – D (Child of A, G) – C

(Daughter of B) + F (Husband of C)
C is cousin of D.
Option A.

20. X (Mother), Y (Brother / Sister of X) – R + S (Brother) (Son of X)

Y is maternal uncle / aunt of S.
Option A

21. D (Grandfather) – C (Mother of A) – A (Son) + B (Daughter of C)

B is daughter of C
Option A

22. E (Mother) – D (Brother) + B & C (Sisters) – A (Son of B)

D is maternal uncle of A
Option A

23. K (Grandfather / mother, related to M) – P (Father) + M (Mother) – T (Daughter)

P is Son-in Law of K
Option D

24. A + B (Brothers), F (wife of B) – E (Daughter of B & F)

A is uncle of E. E is niece of A.
Option C

25. M & F (Couple), A & B (Sisters of F)

If M is male, than B is sister-in-law of M
If M is female, than B is sister of M’s husband, i.e. F, again B is sister-in-law of M
Option B

26. A (Mother) & C (Father) – D (Female) & B (Female) (Children)

A is mother of B

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Option A

27. E (Grandmother) – C (Father), D (Sister of C) – A (Male) + B (Female) (Children of C)

B is grand-daughter of E
Option A

28. P – Q (Son of P), R (Daughter of P) – X (Daughter of Q), L (Son of R)

L is grandson of P
Option A

29. P & Q (Brother) – R & S (Daughter of P)

Q is uncle of R
Option A

30. C (Mother) – A (Son), B (Children)

C is mother of A. A is son of C.
Option C

31. A (Mother, G is husband), B (Brother of A) – D (Child of A & G), C (Daughter of B, F is

hus-band)
G is father of D
Option D

32. A’s mother is the younger sister of B’s mother.

A and B are cousins
Option B

33. A & B (Brothers), C & D (Sisters)

A is brother of C
Option A

34. A & B (Brothers) – C & D (Daughters of A)

B is uncle of C
Option C

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35. E (Great grandmother) – D (Grandfather) – C (Mother) – A (sister of B, female)

A is grand-daughter of D
Option D

36. Q (Lawyer) + P (Housewife)  T (Teacher, Mother) + S (Doctor, Father)  R & U

(Children) (one male Engineer, one female Student)
The grand-daughter of the family is a Student
Option C

37. A (Mother) + C (Father), E (Brother of C) – B (Son), D (Daughter), F (Son)

Male members are = C, E, B, F = 4
Option C

38. Mother, Sister/Brother (B) – C (Daughter), A (Children)

A is either Nephew or Niece of B.
Option A

39. Sonia (Mother), Sunil (Brother of Sonia) – Atul (Son), Rajiv (Son)
Rajiv is son of Sonia
Option B

40. Parvathi (Mother of Kalyani) – Kalyani (Grandmother) + Gopal (Grandfather) –

Lakshmi (Mother) – Ashok (Son) – Sita (Niece of Ashok)
Sita is great grand-daughter of Gopal. Option C

41. Sudhir (Father) – Seema (Daughter-in-law), Ramesh (Son), Mohan (Husband of

Seema)
Seema is wife of Mohan. Option D

42. A is the son of the woman who is the mother of the husband of Suresh’s mother
= A is the son of the woman who is mother of Suresh’s father
= A is the son of Suresh’s grand-mother
= A is either father or uncle of Suresh
= Suresh is either son or nephew of A
Option B

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43. Lady’s father’s only son’s wife is Meera’s Mother-in Law.

= Lady’s brother’s wife is Meera’s Mother-in Law
= Lady’s sister-in-law is Meera’s Mother-in Law
Now, Meera’s husband is son of lady’s sister-in-law
Thus, Meera’s husband is lady’s nephew
Option A

44. A is the daughter of Vikas’s grandfather’s only son

= A is the daughter of Vikas’s father
= A is the sister of Vikas. Option C

45. Sheetal (Grandmother of Ram) – Madhur (Father of Ram) + Reema (Mother of Ram)
– Suresh, Ram (Husband) + Wife (Suresh’s sister), Rani (Ram is Rani’s brother) – Rohit
(Ram’s Son)
Rohit is Ram’s Son = Rohit is Suresh’s sister’s son = Rohit is Nephew of Suresh
Option D

46. Vishal is the son of the only brother of Vinod’s father’s wife.
= Vishal is the son of only brother of Vinod’s mother.
= Vishal is the son of Vinod’s maternal uncle.
= Vishal is the cousin of Vinod
Option A

47. Ram Lal (Head of the family) – Gopal & Mohan (Sons), Ganga (Wife of Gopal) – Ram,
Rekha (Female), Mithun (Male) (Children of Gopal & Ganga) – Sharat (Rekha is the
mother)
Mithun is son of Gopal. Mohan is brother of Gopal.
Mithun is Nephew of Mohan or Mohan is uncle of Mithun
Option A

48. Pramod (Father), Sheela (Sister of Pramod) – Rahul & Robin (Sons of Pramod), Prema
(Daugh-ter of Sheela) – Shubha (Daughter of Prema)
Shubha is daughter of Prema. Rahul is cousin of Prema. Rahul is uncle of Shubha.
Option C

110
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

49. Preeti (Mother), Ram (Preeti’s brother), Neeta (Sister of Ram & Preeti) – Arun (Son of
Preeti), Reema (Daughter of Neeta)
Arun and Reema are Cousins.
Option C

50. A is father of B’s son, i.e. C. A is father of C. C is B’s son too. B is the mother of C. A
and B are Husband and Wife.
Option C

51. Ramu’s Mother = X

X’s mother has a son whose son is Achyut.
Ramu’s grandmother has a son whose son is Achyut
Ramu’s maternal uncle;s son is Achyut
Ramu and Achyut are cousins
Option B

52. Mohan (Grandfather) – Father, Laxmi (Sister of Father) + Rao (Husband of Lakshmi)
– Ravi & Rohit (Son)
Mohan is grandfather of Ravi
Option B

53. Ananda’s mother is the only daughter of Vijay’s mother

= Ananda’s mother is Vijay’s sister
= Ananda is Nephew / Niece of Vijay (Vijay is maternal uncle/aunt of Ananda)
Option C

54. A’s wife is the only daughter of Lady’s mother

= A’s wife is the Lady
Lady is the wife of A (the man)
Option B

55. Brothers and Sisters I have none, he is my father’s son’s son.

= He is MY (my father’s son = myself) son
Option B

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SELF ASSESSMENT

1. Pointing to a photograph, a man said “His mother husband’s sister is my aunt”. Then
what is relation between the man and the person?
a) Son b) Uncle c) Nephew d) Brother

2. introducing a boy, a girl said, “He is the son of the daughter of the father of my
uncle.” How is the boy related to the girl?
a) Brother b) Nephew c) Uncle d) Son-in Law

3. Pointing to a photograph. Bajpai said, “He is the son of daughter of father of my

brother” How Bajpai is related to the man in the photograph?
a) Nephew b) Brother c) Father d) Maternal uncle

4. Pointing a photograph, X said to his friend Y, “she is the only daughter of the father
of my mother”, How X is related to the person of photograph?
a) Daughter b) Son c) Nephew d) Cannot be decided

5. Pointing toward a man, a woman said ‘His mother is the only daughter of my
mother”. How is the woman related to the man?
a) Mother b) Grandmother c) Sister d) Daughter

6. Pointing to a photograph. Anjali said, “He is the son of the only son of my grandfather”.
How is the man in photograph related to Anjali?
a) Brother b) Uncle c) Son (d) Data is inadequate

7. A’s son B is married with C whose sister D is married to E the brother of B. How D is
related to A?
a) Sister b) Daughter in law
c) Sister in law d) Cousin

112
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

8. If M x N means M is the daughter of N, M + N means M is the father of N. M % N

means M is the mother of N and M - N means M is the brother of N then P % Q +
R - T x K indicates which relation of P to K ?
a) Daughter-in-law b) Sister-in-law
c) Aunty d) None of these

Directions (Q. no. 9 to 11): R is the father of P, who is a son- in- law of M and S is the
mother of G.S is a sister of K, who is a brother-in-law of P and H is the daughter of T,
who is a grandmother of G.

9. How is G related to P?
a) Son b) Daughter
c) grandson d) Cannot be determined

10. It M is a female, then how is H related to S?

a) Sister b) Sister in law
c) Niece d) Cannot be determined

11. If K married to N, then how is N related to M?

a) Son-in Law b) Daughter-in-law
c) Mother-in Law d) Father-in Law

12. Pointing a boy. Ram said ‘He is the only is son of my grandfather’s son’ How is the
boy related to Ram?
a) Brother b) Son c) Cousin d) Data inadequate

Q 13 to 15Directions:
P x Q means P is brother of Q.
P Q means Q is mother of P.
P - Q means P is father of Q.
P + Q means Q is sister of P.

13. Which of the following means M is the daughter of T?

a) M + N J-T b) T-JxR + M c) M - J x T K d) M + W x R T

113
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

14. How is K related to R in the expression R T + K?

a) Daughter b) Sister c) Niece d) None of these

15. Which of the following means D us grandfather of W?

a) D – K x T – W b) D KxT W
c) D – K x T W d) D KxT–W

16. If P + Q means P is the mother of Q.

P ÷ Q means P is the father of Q.
P - Q means P is the sister of Q.
Then which of the following relationship shows that M is the daughter of R?
a) R M+ N b) R + N M c) R – M N d) None of the above

17. Pointing in a photograph, Sonia said, “His mother’s daughter’s is my mother”.How is

Sonia related to that man?
a) Nephew b) Sister c) Wife d) Niece

18. If A $ B means A is the brother of B. A @ B means A is the wife of B, A # B means

A is the daughter of B and A * B means A is the father of B. Which of the following
indicates that U is the Father-in Law of P.
a) P @ Q $ T # U * W b) P @ W $ Q * T # U
c) P @ Q $ W * T # U d) P @ Q $ T # W * U

19. P is the sister of Q. R is the father of S, who is the brother of Q. R married to T, How
is Q related to T?
a) Son b) Daughter
c) Either son or daughter d) Data in adequate

20. Pointing a girl, Prasan said, she is the only granddaughter of my wife’s grandfather’s
only child. How is the girl relate to Prasan?
a) Sister b) Niece
c) Daughter d) Cannot be determined

114
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

ANSWER

1. D 2. A
3. D 4. B
5. A 6. A
7. B 8. D
9. D 10. B
11. B 12. C
13. B 14. D
15. A 16. A
17. D 18. A
19. C 20 C

115
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Explanatory Solution

Q.1

Option D

Q.2

Option A

Q.3

Option D

116
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.4

Option D

Q.5

Option A

Q.6

Option A

Q.7

Option B

117
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.8 M x N → M is daughter of N
M + N → M is father of N
M % N → M is mother of N
M – N → M is brother of N
P%Q+R–TxK

P is Mother-in Law of K
Option D

Q.9 to Q.11

9. Option D
10. Option B
11. Option B

Q.12

Option C

118
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.13 to Q.15
P x Q → P is brother of Q
P ÷ Q → Q is mother of P
P – Q → P is father of Q
P + Q → Q is sister of P

Q.13

Option B

Q.14

Option D

Q.15

Option A

119
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.16
P + Q → P is mother of Q
P ÷ Q → P is father of Q
P – Q → P is sister of P

Option A

Q.17

Option D

Q.18

Option A

Q.19

Option C

120
 CA FOUNDATION LOGICAL REASONING

Q.20

Option C
Daughter

121
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5 APPENDIX

Table I - LOGARITHM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 0000 0043 0086 0128 0170 5 9 13 17 21 26 30 34 38
0212 0253 0294 0334 0374 4 8 12 16 20 24 32 36 36
11 0414 0453 0492 0531 0569 4 8 12 16 20 23 27 31 35
0607 0645 0682 0719 0755 4 7 11 15 18 22 26 29 33
12 0792 0828 0964 0899 0934 3 7 11 14 18 21 25 28 32
0969 1004 1038 1072 1106 3 7 10 14 17 20 24 27 31
13 1139 1173 1208 1239 1271 3 6 10 13 16 19 23 26 29
1303 1335 1367 1399 1430 3 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 29
14 1461 1492 1523 3 6 9 12 15 19 22 25 28
1553 1584 1614 1644 1673 1703 1732 3 6 9 12 14 17 20 23 26
15 1761 1790 1818 3 6 9 11 14 17 20 23 26
1847 1875 1903 1931 1959 1987 2014 3 6 8 11 14 17 19 22 25
16 2041 2068 2095 2122 2148 3 6 8 11 14 16 19 22 24
2175 2201 2227 2253 2279 3 5 8 10 13 16 18 21 23
17 2304 2330 2355 2380 2405 3 5 8 10 13 15 18 20 23
2430 2455 2480 2504 2529 3 5 8 10 12 15 17 20 22
18 2553 2577 2601 2625 2648 2 5 7 9 12 14 17 19 21
2672 2695 2718 2742 2765 2 4 7 9 11 14 16 19 21
19 2788 2810 2833 2856 2878 2 4 7 9 11 13 16 18 20
2900 2923 2945 2967 2989 2 4 6 8 11 13 15 17 19
20 3010 3023 3054 3075 3096 3116 3139 3160 3181 3201 2 4 6 8 11 13 15 17 19
21 3222 3243 3263 3284 3304 3324 3345 3365 3385 3404 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
22 3424 3444 3464 3483 3502 3522 3541 3560 3579 3598 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 15 17
23 3617 3636 3655 3674 3692 3909 3927 3747 3766 3784 2 4 6 7 9 11 13 15 17
24 3802 3820 3838 3856 3874 3892 3909 3927 3945 3962 2 4 5 7 9 11 12 14 16
25 3979 3997 4014 4031 4048 4065 4082 4099 4116 4133 2 3 5 7 9 10 11 13 15
26 4150 4166 4183 4200 4216 4232 4249 4265 4281 4298 2 3 5 7 8 10 11 13 15
27 4314 4330 4346 4362 4378 4393 4409 4425 4440 4456 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 12 14
28 4472 4487 4502 4518 4533 4548 4564 4579 4594 4609 2 3 5 6 8 9 10 12 14
29 4624 4639 4654 4669 4683 4698 4713 4728 4742 4757 1 3 4 6 7 9 10 11 13
30 4771 4786 4800 4814 4829 4843 4857 4871 4886 4900 1 3 4 6 7 9 10 11 13
31 4914 4928 4942 4955 4969 4983 4997 5011 5024 5038 1 3 4 6 7 8 10 11 12

122
 CA FOUNDATION - MATHEMATICS

32 5051 5065 5079 5092 5105 5119 5132 5145 5159 5172 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 11 12
33 5185 5198 5211 5224 5237 5250 5263 5276 5289 5302 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 12
34 5315 5328 5340 5353 5366 5378 5391 5403 5416 5428 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11
35 5441 5453 5465 5478 5490 5502 5514 5527 5539 5551 1 2 4 5 6 7 9 10 11
36 5563 5575 5587 5599 5611 5623 5635 5647 5658 5670 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 10 11
37 5682 5694 5705 5717 5729 5740 5752 5763 5775 5786 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10
38 5798 5809 5821 5832 5843 5855 5866 5877 5888 5899 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10
39 5911 5922 5933 5944 5955 5966 5977 5988 5999 6010 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10
40 6021 631 6042 6053 6064 6075 6085 6096 6107 6117 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10
41 6128 6138 6149 6160 6170 6180 6191 6201 6212 6222 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
42 6232 6243 6253 6263 6274 6284 6294 6304 6314 6235 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
43 6335 6345 6355 6365 6575 6385 6395 6405 6415 6425 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
44 6435 6444 6454 6464 6474 6484 6493 6503 6513 6522 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
45 6532 6542 6551 6561 6571 6580 6590 6599 6609 6618 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
46 6628 6637 6646 6656 6665 6675 6684 6693 6702 6712 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8
47 6721 6730 6739 6749 6758 6767 6776 6785 6794 6803 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8
48 6812 6821 6830 6839 6848 6857 6866 6875 6884 6893 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
49 6902 6911 6920 6928 6037 6946 6955 6964 6972 6981 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8

Example:
Log 2 = 0.3010: Log 20 = 1.3010: Log 200 = 2.3010: Log 2,000 = 3.3010 etc.
Log 2 = 0.3010 - 1 – (–) 0.699
Log 0.02 = 0.3010 - 2 – (–) 1.699

123
 CA FOUNDATION - MATHEMATICS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
50 6990 6998 7007 7016 7024 7033 7042 7050 7059 7067 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
51 7076 7084 7093 7101 7110 7118 7126 7135 7143 7152 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
52 7160 7166 7177 7185 7193 7202 7210 7218 7226 7235 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 7
53 7243 7251 7259 7267 7275 7284 7292 7300 7306 7314 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 7
54 7324 7332 7340 7348 7358 7364 7372 7380 7388 7396 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 7
55 7404 7412 7419 7427 7435 7443 7451 7459 7466 7474 1 2 2 3 4 5 5 6 7
56 7452 7490 7497 7505 7513 7520 7528 7536 7543 7551 1 2 2 3 4 5 5 6 7
57 7559 7566 7574 7582 7589 7597 7604 7612 7619 7627 1 2 2 3 4 5 5 6 7
58 7634 7642 7649 7657 7664 7672 7679 7686 7694 7701 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7
59 7709 7716 7723 7731 7738 7745 7752 7760 7767 7774 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7
60 7782 7789 7796 7803 7810 7818 7825 7832 7839 7848 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 6
61 7853 7860 7868 7875 7882 7889 7896 7903 7910 7917 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 6
62 7924 7931 7938 7945 7952 7958 7966 7973 7980 7987 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 6
63 7993 8000 8007 8014 8021 8028 8035 8041 8048 8055 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6
64 8062 8069 8075 8082 8089 8096 8102 8109 8116 8122 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6
65 8129 8136 8142 8149 8158 8162 8169 8176 8182 8189 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6
66 8195 8202 8209 8215 8222 8228 8235 8241 8248 8254 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6
67 8261 8267 8274 8280 8287 8293 8299 8306 8312 8319 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6
68 8325 8331 8338 8344 8351 8357 8363 8370 8376 8382 1 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 6
69 8388 8395 8401 8407 8414 8420 8428 8432 8439 8445 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 6
70 8451 8457 8463 8470 8476 8482 8488 8494 8500 8506 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 6
71 8513 8519 8525 8531 8537 8543 8549 8555 8561 8567 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5
72 8573 8579 8585 8591 8597 8603 8609 8615 8621 8627 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5
73 8633 8639 8645 8651 8657 8663 8669 8673 8681 8686 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5
74 8692 8698 8704 8710 8716 8722 8727 8733 8738 8745 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5
75 8751 8756 8762 8768 8774 8779 8785 8791 8797 8802 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 5
76 8808 8814 8820 8825 8831 8837 8842 8848 8854 8859 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 5
77 8865 8871 8876 8882 8887 8893 8899 8904 8910 8915 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
78 8921 8927 8932 8938 8943 8949 8954 8960 8965 8971 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
79 8976 8982 8987 8993 8998 9004 9009 9015 9020 9025 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
80 9031 9036 9042 9047 9053 9058 9063 9069 9074 9079 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 5
81 9085 9090 9096 9101 9106 9112 9117 9122 9128 9133 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 5
82 9138 9143 9149 9154 9159 9165 9170 9175 9180 9186 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 5
83 9191 9196 9201 9206 9212 9217 9222 9227 9232 9238 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 5
84 9243 9248 9253 9258 9263 9269 9274 9279 9284 9289 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 5
85 9294 9299 9304 9309 9315 9320 9325 9330 9335 9340 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
86 9345 9350 9355 9360 9365 9370 9375 9380 9385 9390 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
87 9395 9400 9405 9410 9415 9420 9425 9430 9435 9440 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
88 9445 9450 9450 9455 9460 9469 9474 9479 9484 9489 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4

124
 CA FOUNDATION - MATHEMATICS

89 9494 9499 9504 9509 9513 9518 9523 9528 9533 9538 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
90 9542 9547 9552 9557 9562 9566 9571 9576 9581 9586 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
91 9590 9595 9600 9605 9609 9614 9619 9624 9628 9633 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
92 9638 9643 9647 9652 9657 9661 9666 9671 9675 9680 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
93 9685 9689 9694 9699 9703 9708 9713 9717 9722 9727 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
94 9731 9736 9741 9745 9750 9754 9759 9763 9768 9773 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
95 9777 9782 9786 9791 9795 9800 9805 9809 9814 9818 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
96 9823 9827 9832 9836 9841 9845 9850 9854 9859 9863 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
97 9868 9872 9877 9881 9886 9890 9894 9899 9903 9908 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
98 9912 9917 9921 9926 9930 9934 9939 9943 9945 9952 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
99 9958 9961 9965 9969 9974 9978 9983 9987 9991 9996 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4

125
 CA FOUNDATION - MATHEMATICS

Table II - ANTILOGARITHM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
100 1000 1002 1005 1007 1009 1012 1014 1016 1018 1021 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
101 1023 1026 1028 1030 1033 1035 1038 1040 1042 1045 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
102 1047 1050 1052 1054 1057 1059 1062 1064 1067 1069 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
103 1072 1074 1076 1079 1081 1084 1086 1089 1091 1094 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
104 1096 1099 1102 1104 1107 1109 1112 1114 1117 1119 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
105 1122 1125 1127 1130 1132 1135 1138 1140 1143 1146 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
106 1148 1151 1153 1156 1159 1161 1164 1167 1169 1172 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
107 1175 1178 1180 1183 1186 1189 1191 1194 1197 1199 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
108 1202 1205 1208 1211 1213 1216 1219 1222 1225 1227 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3
109 1230 1233 1236 1239 1242 1245 1247 1250 1253 1256 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3
110 1259 1262 1265 1268 1271 1274 1276 1279 1282 1285 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3
111 1288 1291 1294 1297 1300 1303 1306 1309 1312 1315 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3
112 1381 1321 1324 1327 1330 1334 1337 1340 1342 1348 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3
113 1349 1352 1355 1358 1361 1365 1368 1371 1374 1377 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3
114 1380 1384 1387 1390 1393 1396 1400 1403 1406 1409 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3
115 1413 1416 1419 1422 1426 1429 1432 1435 1439 1442 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3
116 1445 1449 1452 1455 1459 1462 1466 1469 1472 1476 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3
117 1479 1483 1486 1489 1493 1496 1500 1503 1507 1510 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3
118 1514 1517 1521 1524 1528 1531 1535 1538 1542 1545 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3
119 1549 1552 1556 1560 1563 1567 1570 1574 1578 1581 0 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3
120 1585 1589 1592 1596 1600 1603 1607 1611 1614 1618 0 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3
121 1622 1626 1629 1633 1637 1641 1644 1648 1652 1656 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3
122 1660 1663 1667 1671 1675 1679 1683 1687 1690 1694 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3
123 1698 1702 1706 1710 1714 1718 1722 1726 1730 1734 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4
124 1738 1742 1746 1750 1754 1758 1762 1768 1770 1774 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4
125 1778 1782 1786 1791 1795 1799 1803 1807 1811 1816 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4
126 1820 1824 1828 1832 1837 1841 1845 1849 1897 1858 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4
127 1862 1866 1871 1875 1879 1884 1888 1892 1941 1901 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4
128 1905 1910 1914 1919 1923 1928 1932 1936 1941 1945 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
129 1950 1954 1959 1963 1968 1972 1977 1982 1986 1991 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
130 1995 2000 2004 2009 2014 2018 2023 2028 2032 2037 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
131 2042 2046 2051 2056 2061 2065 2070 2075 2080 2084 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
132 2089 2094 2099 2104 2109 2113 2118 2123 2128 2133 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
133 2138 2143 2148 2153 2158 2163 2168 2173 2178 2183 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
134 2188 2193 2198 2203 2206 2213 2218 2223 2228 2234 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
135 2239 2244 2249 2254 2259 2265 2270 2275 2280 2256 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5

126
 CA FOUNDATION - MATHEMATICS

136 2291 2286 2301 2307 2312 2317 2323 2328 2333 2339 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
137 2344 2350 2355 2359 2366 2271 2377 2382 2388 2393 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
138 2399 2404 2410 2415 2421 2427 2432 2438 2443 2449 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
139 2455 2460 2466 2472 2477 2483 2489 2495 2500 2506 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 5
140 2512 2518 2523 2529 2535 2541 2547 2553 2559 2564 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5
141 2570 2576 2582 2588 2594 2600 2606 2612 2618 2624 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5
142 2630 2636 2642 2649 2655 2661 2667 2673 2679 2624 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 6
143 2692 2698 2704 2710 2716 2723 2729 2735 2742 2748 1 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 6
144 2754 2761 2767 2773 2780 2786 2793 2799 2805 2812 1 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 6
145 2818 2825 2831 2838 2844 2851 2858 2864 2871 2877 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6
146 2884 2891 2897 2904 2911 2917 2924 2931 2938 2944 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6
147 2951 2958 2965 2972 2979 2985 2992 2999 3006 3013 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6
148 3020 3027 3034 3041 3048 3055 3062 3069 3076 3083 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 6
149 3090 3097 3105 3112 3118 3126 3133 3141 3148 3155 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 6

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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
150 3162 3170 3177 3184 3192 3199 3206 3214 3221 3228 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7
151 3236 3243 3251 3258 3268 3273 3281 3289 3296 3304 1 2 2 3 4 5 5 6 7
152 3311 3319 3327 3334 3342 3350 3357 3365 3373 3381 1 2 2 3 4 5 5 6 7
153 3388 3396 3404 3412 3420 3428 3436 3442 3451 3459 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 7
154 3467 3475 3483 3491 3499 3508 3516 3524 3532 2540 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 7
155 3548 3556 3565 3573 3581 3589 3597 3606 3614 3622 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 7
156 3631 3639 3648 3656 3664 3673 3681 3690 3698 3707 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
157 3715 3724 3733 3741 3750 3758 3767 3776 3784 3793 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
158 3802 3811 3819 3828 3837 3846 3855 3864 3873 3882 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
159 3890 3899 3908 3917 3926 3936 3945 3954 3963 3972 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
160 3981 3990 3999 4009 4018 4027 4036 4046 4055 4065 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 8
161 4074 4083 4093 4102 4111 4121 4130 4140 4150 4159 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
162 4169 4178 4188 4198 4207 4217 4227 4236 4246 4256 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
163 4266 4276 4285 4295 4305 4315 4325 4335 4345 4355 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
164 4365 4375 4385 4395 4406 4416 4426 4436 4446 4457 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
165 4467 4477 4487 4498 4508 4519 4529 4539 4550 4560 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
166 4571 4581 4592 4603 4613 4624 4634 4645 4656 4667 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
167 4677 4688 4699 4710 4721 4732 4742 4753 4764 4775 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10
168 4788 4797 4808 4819 4831 4842 4853 4864 4875 4887 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10
169 4898 4909 4920 4932 4943 4955 4986 4977 4989 5000 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10
170 5012 5023 5035 5047 5058 5070 5082 5093 5105 5117 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 11
171 5129 5140 5152 5164 5176 5188 5200 5212 5224 5236 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 10 11
172 5248 5260 5272 5284 5297 5309 5321 5333 5346 5358 1 2 4 5 6 7 9 10 11
173 5370 5383 5395 5408 5420 5433 5445 5458 5470 5483 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11
174 5495 5508 5521 5534 5546 5559 5572 5585 5598 5610 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 12
175 5632 5636 5649 5662 5675 5689 5702 5715 5728 5741 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12
176 5754 5768 5781 5794 5808 5821 5834 5848 5861 5875 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 11 12
177 5858 5902 5916 5929 5943 5957 5970 5984 5998 6012 1 3 4 5 7 8 10 11 12
178 6028 6039 6053 6067 6081 6095 6109 6124 6138 6152 1 3 4 6 7 8 10 11 13
179 6166 6180 6194 6209 6223 6237 6252 6266 6281 6295 1 3 4 6 7 9 10 11 13
180 6310 6324 6339 6353 6368 6383 6397 6412 6427 6442 1 3 4 6 7 9 10 12 13
181 6457 6471 6486 6501 6516 6531 6546 6561 6577 6592 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 12 14
182 6607 6622 6637 6653 6668 6683 6699 6714 6730 6745 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 12 14
183 6761 6776 6792 6808 6823 6839 6855 6871 6887 6902 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 13 14
184 6918 6934 6950 6965 6982 6598 7015 7031 7047 7063 2 3 5 6 8 10 11 13 15
185 7079 7096 7112 7129 7145 7161 7178 7194 7211 7228 2 3 5 7 8 10 12 13 15
186 7244 7261 7278 7295 7311 7328 7345 7362 7379 7396 2 3 5 7 8 10 12 13 15
187 7413 7430 7447 7464 7482 7499 7516 7534 7551 7568 2 3 5 7 9 10 12 14 16
188 7586 7603 7621 7638 7656 7674 7691 7709 7727 7745 2 4 5 7 9 11 12 14 16

128
 CA FOUNDATION - MATHEMATICS

189 7762 7780 7796 7816 7834 7852 7870 7889 7907 7925 2 4 5 7 9 11 13 14 16
190 7943 7962 7980 7998 8017 8035 8054 8072 8091 8110 2 4 6 7 9 11 13 15 17
191 8128 8147 8166 8185 8204 8222 8241 8260 8279 8299 2 4 6 8 9 11 13 15 17
192 8318 8337 8356 8375 8395 8414 8433 8453 8472 8492 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 15 17
193 8511 8531 8551 8570 8590 8610 8630 8650 8670 8690 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
194 8710 8730 8750 8770 8790 8810 8831 8851 8872 8892 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
195 8913 8933 8954 8974 8995 9016 9036 9057 9078 9099 2 4 6 8 10 12 15 17 19
196 9120 9141 9162 9183 9204 9226 9247 9268 9290 9311 2 4 6 8 11 13 15 17 19
197 9333 9354 9376 9397 9419 9441 9462 9484 9506 9528 2 4 7 9 11 13 15 17 20
198 9550 9572 9594 9616 9638 9661 9683 9705 9727 9750 2 4 7 9 11 13 16 18 20
199 9772 9795 9817 9840 9836 9886 9908 9931 9954 9977 2 5 7 9 11 14 16 18 20

Example:
If Log x = 0.301. then x = Antilog 0.301 = 2
If Log x = 1.301. then x = (Antilog 0.301) × 10 = 20
If Log x = 2.301. then x = (Antilog 0.301) × 100 = 200
If Log x = (–) 0.699, then we can write Log x = (– 1 + 0.301) : Thus x = Antilog (0.301) / 10 = 0.2
If Log x = (–) 1.699, then we can write Log x = (– 2 + 0.301) : Thus x = Antilog (0.301) / 100 = 0.02

129