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Selection of Past Exam Questions of Chapters 5 and 6 by SAM

This document contains 4 past exam problems related to mechanics of materials. Question 1 (25 marks) involves calculating strains and stresses in a rectangular strain gauge rosette. Question 1 (30 marks) involves determining strains and stresses in a deformed square plate. Question 4 (25 marks) involves calculating principal stresses in an I-beam under 4-point bending. Question 2 (30 marks) involves determining shear forces, bending moments, torque, and stresses in an elbow pipe assembly loaded by a steel drum. Diagrams and equations are provided for each multi-part question.

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66 views5 pages

Selection of Past Exam Questions of Chapters 5 and 6 by SAM

This document contains 4 past exam problems related to mechanics of materials. Question 1 (25 marks) involves calculating strains and stresses in a rectangular strain gauge rosette. Question 1 (30 marks) involves determining strains and stresses in a deformed square plate. Question 4 (25 marks) involves calculating principal stresses in an I-beam under 4-point bending. Question 2 (30 marks) involves determining shear forces, bending moments, torque, and stresses in an elbow pipe assembly loaded by a steel drum. Diagrams and equations are provided for each multi-part question.

Uploaded by

jerec96358
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Past Exam Problems

S A Meguid, Feb 04, 2024


Question #1 (25 Marks):

A rectangular strain gauge rosette consists of three electrical-resistance strain gauges


arranged to measure strains in two perpendicular directions, as shown in Fig. Q1.1. The
rosette is bonded to the surface of the casing of a gas turbine engine. Gauges A, B, and
C measure the normal strains εA , εB , and εC in the directions of lines Oa, Ob, and Oc,
respectively. You may assume that the casing is made of aerospace grade aluminium
with Young’s modulus = 70 GPa and Poisson’s ratio = 0.35.

Q1.1 What are the principles upon which strain gauge measurements are based? Draw
Wheatstone bridge for the rectangular strain gauge rosette given in Fig. Q1.1(a), and
state all the precautions needed to ensure accurate and repeatable measurements.
What is the physical meaning of the gauge factor of a strain gauge?

Q1.2 Obtain the strains εx1, εy1 and γx1y1 associated with an element oriented at an angle
θ = 30° to the xy-axes (Fig. Q1.1(b)), given that the rosette gave the following
readings:
ɛA = 250 micro-strain along Oa
ɛB = 460 micro-strain along Ob

Q1.3 Obtain the principal stresses using εx1, εy1 and γx1y1. Draw an element showing the
principal stresses and their directions.

Fig. Q1.1 (a) Rectangular strain gauge rosette and


(b) Element oriented by an angle θ = 30ο

1
Question #1 (30 Marks):
Fig. Q1 shows a 50 mm x 50 mm square plate, as represented by the solid black lines A-
B-C-D, used for pipeline inspection prior to loading. Subsequent to pressurization of the
pipeline, the square plate A-B-C-D is deformed into the red dotted lines A’-B’-C’-D’, as
depicted in figure.

Q1.1 Determine the average values of the normal and shear strains at points B’ and D’.
Ignore rigid body displacement of the plate A-B-C-D.

Q1.2 If Young’s modulus of the material of the inspection plate is 200 GPa and Poisson’s
ratio is 0.28, what are the normal and shear stresses at points B’ and D’?

Q1.3 Calculate the principal strains at B’. Verify your answers using Mohr’s circle.

Q1.4: How useful are principal stresses and principal strains in the stress analysis of
engineering components?

𝒚𝒚

50 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 0.02 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚


𝑩𝑩′
0.03 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑩𝑩
𝑪𝑪 𝑪𝑪′

0.02 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑨𝑨′
𝑫𝑫
𝒙𝒙
𝑨𝑨 𝑫𝑫′
0.03 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
0.02 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

Fig. Q1 Deformation of inspection plate. Solid lines (A-B-C-D) represent a square plate
prior to loading and dotted lines (A’-B’-C’-D’) show plate after loading.

2
Question #4: [25 Marks]

(i) What is the physical meaning and the significance of the second and polar moments
of area of a section? [5 Marks]

(ii) A 4-point bend beam of a symmetrical I-section is simply supported at each end and
carries two equal forces each =100 kN, as depicted in Fig. Q4 (a). The dimensions of the
cross-section are as follows: flanges 150mm wide by 30mm thick, web 30mm thick, and
overall depth of beam 200mm, as shown in Fig. Q4 (b).

Considering a critical stress point at the top of the web, where the web meets the flange,
calculate the magnitude and nature of the principal stresses and the principal planes upon
which these principal stresses act. [20 Marks]

(a) (b)

Fig. Q4 Details of beam under consideration with enlarged cross-section.


(Drawing not to scale.)

3
Question #2: [30 Marks]

Figure Q2 shows a 90° elbow ABC, which is loaded using a steel drum at A. Details of
the geometry are provided in Table Q2. If the drum is subjected to a force F = 10 kN and
ignoring stress concentration effects,

(i) Draw the shear force, bending moment and torque diagrams for lengths
AB and BC using the coordinate system provided to identify each.

(ii) Use an appropriate stress element to define the critical stress state of the
cross-section at the upper most point C, indicating the nature and values
of each stress on the element.

(iii) Determine the diameter of the elbow d if the diameter of the drum D = 600
mm. Assume that the maximum allowable tensile stress of the material
used for the elbow is 240 MPa.

Diameter D = 600 mm

Length of AB l1 = 2 m

Length of BC l2 = 2.5 m

Table Q2 Details of geometry

4
Fig. Q2 Elbow and the drum with an applied load F = 10 kN

S A Meguid

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