RFID Based Attendance System Using IOT Technology For Educational Institutions.
RFID Based Attendance System Using IOT Technology For Educational Institutions.
November 2020
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this project report is based on my original work except for
citations and quotations which have been duly acknowledge. I also declare that it has
not been previously and concurrently submitted for any other degree or award at
SEGI UNIVERSITY or other institutions.
Signature: _____________________________
Name: _____________________________
ID No: _____________________________
Date: _____________________________
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APPROVAL FOR SUBMISSION
I certify that this project report entitled “RFID based attendance system using IOT
technology for educational institutions” WAS PREPARED BY Abdulwahab
Ejhawi has met the required standard for submission in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of Bachelor of Information Technology (Hons) at SEGi
University.
Approved by:
Signature: ______________________
Supervisor: ______________________
Date: ______________________
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The copyright of this report belongs to the author under the terms of the
copyright Act 1987 as qualified by Intellectual Property Policy of SEGi University.
Due acknowledgement shall always be made of the use of any material contained in
or derived from this report.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah all praise to Allah, I fully finish writing this research. Praise be
to Allah who gave me success to complete this project. Here I would like to thank a
lot to lecturers of Segi University who educated me and my supervisor, I would like
to special thank my family for supporting me during my study. I would like to thank
all my friends for helping me during my study with them.
Thank you.
Regards
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ABSTRACT
The research propose is to study about the one of most important problems in
educational institution which is the attendance of students, due to many of
educational institutions provide the evaluation of student’s attendance at the same
time of providing the final grade of student, some of educational institutions tend to
the utilization of paper sheet for attendance control, while some of educational
institutions after collecting the attendance in paper sheets, inserting these data
manually into system. The project aims to develop student attendance system that has
the ability to manage student attendance in educational institutions effectively.
Moreover, the objectives is to enhance the student’s attendance system by using
RFID and IOT technologies, to develop the RFID system in order to record
attendance of students, and to test the efficiency of RFID attendance system in the
educational institution. Thus, this research consists description of a brief
introduction, reviews on several systems. RFID based attendance system using IOT
technology for educational institutions would be able to collect and monitor student
attendance in classroom by utilization of RFID technology and IOT technology. To
identify students, the ability of RFID technology to identify the objects and IOT
technology to transfer signals will be utilized. Moreover, in this project has utilized
RFID reader, identification card and Node MCU. The process of attendance would
be faster and easier. The student will need only to position the RFID card on the
RFID reader then the record will be inserted into database. The time of recording the
attendance will be taken and will be shown in the designed GUI. The system will
provide all functions needed to manage student attendance such as registering new
student, deleting student, and importing attendance list.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Problem Background
1.2 Problem Statement
1.3 Aims and Objectives
1.3.1 Project Aim
1.3.2 Project Objectives
1.4 Project Scope
1.5 Functional and Non-Functional Requirements
1.5.1 Functional Requirements
1.5.2 Non-Functional Requirements
1.6 Resources
1.6.1 Hardware Requirements
1.6.2 Software Requirements
1.7 Relationship to the courses
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2.3.2 Integrated System for Monitoring and
Recognizing Students during Class Session
2.3.3 A Low-cost Remote Attendance Tracking
System for Developing Regions
2.4 Comparing RFID based attendance system using IOT
technology for educational institutions with the
existing systems
2.5 Data Collection
2.6 Summary
CHAPTER 4 IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Design Overview
4.3 HCI Consideration
4.3.1 Product Design
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4.3.2 Product Usability
4.4 Implementation
4.4.1 System Features
4.4.2 Data implementation
4.5 Test Plan
4.5.1 Features to be tested
4.5.2 Pass/Fail Criteria
4.5.3 Test Cases
4.6 Conclusion
CHAPTER 6 51
REFERENCES 52
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LIST OF TABLES
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LIST OF FIGURES
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Figure 3-6 interface design of Login page
Figure 3-7 interface design of Student List page
Figure 3-8 interface design of Manage Students page
Figure 3-9 interface design of Attendance page
Figure 3-10 interface design of Manage Device page
Figure 3-11 interface design of Manage User page
Figure 4-1 Login interface
Figure 4-2 Main screen interface
Figure 4-3 Mange students interface
Figure 4-4 Manage student enrolment
Figure 4-5 Student attendance interface
Figure 4-6 Import attendance list interface
Figure 4-7 Devices settings interface
Figure 4-8 New device interface
Figure 4-9 Account update interface
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LIST OF APPENDICES
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
One of the really concerning issues at current time in schools and educational
institution is the participation (Attendance) of students. According to Earl Gillis &
Arthur C. Hearn (2015).
The instructor monitors and assess the attendance of the student only by
physical attendance sheet (piece of paper) during the entire semester. Before end of
the semester instructor has to insert the attendance record or hand them to faculty
staff to prepare attendance report, and here we see the serious problems which are.
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6. Expensive implementation and poor efficiency which are the implemented
face recognition systems that expensive to be implemented in many
educational institutions, as well as its accuracy to identify objects is poor and
still need to be developed.
7. Voice recognition attendance systems that have been implemented are not
very accurate due to can be affected by external noises and the body
condition.
The main objective of the project is to develop attendance system using RFID
(Radio Frequency Identification) and GUI that able to monitor student attendance in
marshaled and convenient way. The other objectives are listed below.
1.3.2 Project Objectives
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status. Besides, providing more flexibility and security on preparing student
attendance report. In addition, to implement this project suitable preparation will
done majority of the project by utilizing the chosen proper methodology.
When the project is done, an attendance system that will be launched for
students' attendance issues will be more functionality and efficiently by using RFID
reader and ID card of the student. The reason to develop this attendance system is to
solve the attendance problems that mentioned in problem statement and that still
existing for many years.
FR2 The system needs to identify each user RFID tag or card.
FR3 The system shall provide the data of registered students.
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NFR1 The RFID reader with GUI and database should always be on
thus that the system could work.
NFR2 The administrator has the responsibility to set up ID card thus
that the system can operate as intended.
NFR3 The system will process attendance information as faster as
possible from the moment of submission.
NFR4 The system will provide access to only registered users.
1.6 Resources
Computer or laptop
RFID RC522 Reader with Tag
Node MCU
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1.7 Relationship to the courses
In the chapter 1, the discussion is on the background of the project. The problem
statement, its proposed solution that has discussed the existing problem and its
solution in full details. Scope of the project which has been discuss about the project
scope in full details. The objectives of the project have been given. The functional
and non-functional requirement of the proposed system. The software and hardware
requirements have been provided. These all have been discussed in the chapter 1.
In the chapter 2, the discussion is on the literature review, introduction has been
provided, and then has been given all details on the proposed system and compared
with similar existing systems. In addition, all the strength and limitations of the
existing systems have been discussed. The data collection has been done and
analyzed. In addition, summary on chapter 2 has been given as well.
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
This part provides relevant points evaluation from researches have been done
previously about automatic attendance systems development, and the importance of
attendance in the educational institutions. The literature review is review of the
system which will be implemented and developed as well review of the existing
systems that previously has been done by researchers. In addition, literature review
concentrates on the topic established ideas and knowledge along with their
weaknesses and strengths. The technology has become perfect to replace the old and
traditional manual systems, with computerized and developed systems instead. The
RFID attendance system has been utilized in various types in educational institutions
and employment sectors.
2.1 Introduction
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2.2 RFID based attendance system using IOT technology for educational
institutions
The RFID based attendance system using IOT technology for educational
institutions is needed to end all the problems regarding student attendance. The
attendance system utilizing RFID with Node MCU and GUI with its database could
provide the needed solution of this problem. The proposed attendance system is
RFID and Node MCU hardware device interfered with the developed GUI and
database; the system will be developed for the daily utilization in educational
institution. Students will pass their identification card (RFID card), the identification
card code will be compared with the code has been registered to the system, the
attendance and all needed information will be stored in database once get matched,
and then the lecturer could import the attendance list to store it, the students in the
list are only whom attend the class.
There are many similar system has been found during the researching, after
seeing through some of these systems have limitation such as Student Attendance
Management which is time-consuming due to inserting data manually, A Low-cost
Remote Attendance Tracking System for Developing Regions which is the unique
identifier of the system has limitation that could get affected by body condition also
cannot prevent form impersonation, and Integrated System for Monitoring and
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Recognizing Students during Class Session, which is time-consuming as well. So
these the main problems or limitations has been found on the previous systems that
the proposed system solved.
As accorded in the research, the proposed attendance system does not include
hardware such as (RFID, scanner of barcode, and etc.), the computer set only
required to run the software. As also mentioned, the users required to install the
proposed attendance system to manage their students’ attendance. As accorded form
the research, in this attendance system some strengths can be found. The attendance
system reduces the users’ workload in attendance records management as a
computerized system. The attendance system has proven its effectiveness in
minimizing the sheets used in student attendance records, compared to manual
attendance system that consumes a lot of papers. Moreover, since the special
hardware not needed to run the proposed attendance system will be effortless
because it is simple system.
In the other hand, there are some limitations in solution provided by this
system which is desktop-based attendance system, the lecturers still need to insert
student records in every class which is time-consuming. The proposed attendance
system only minimizes the utilization of sheets; thus, it has changed the manual
attendance system to more advanced system but manual entry of data still needed.
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Figure 2-1 ERD of Student Attendance Management
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educational institution the activation of classroom’s camera needed to recognize the
students in classroom.
As accorded form the research, in this attendance system that utilize face
recognition some strengths can be found. High security feature provided by the
system which is the admin (lecturer) login into the system by utilization of their
username and password and taking picture of the students in class then the face
recognition will start by preform face filtering of the students. The attendance of
students will not be inserted until the picture uploaded by the lecturer which makes
the system more secure and convenient. The face detection sometimes cannot
recognize student's face so the system has provided a good feature that the lecturer
may upload picture of student that could match the picture in the database. The
attendance will be recorded for whom the face detection does not recognize by
providing this feature. As accorded in the research, the fake attendance percentage
will be minimized to almost zero percent of chance since everyone has different face
ID. The attendance does not need to be double checked due to automatically solved
by face recognition.
In the other hand, there are some limitations of face recognition attendance
system found. The lecturer still needs to upload the photos manually to record the
attendance through process of the face recognition. Controlling manually not
preferred solution since automation and mobility technologies have been developed
around the world as well as the system still need some improvement. Moreover, the
implementation of face recognition is very expensive specially needed to be in every
class this make the system invaluable. Additionally, CCTV and computer had to be
prepared by the educational institution to get the face recognition handled as well as
to be utilized in recorded the attendance by lecturer. In addition, sometimes system
of face recognition incapable to recognize or capture the faces of the students in the
class also another problem will be confronted which is the face recognition
technology is not widespread enough and still does not have a perfect accuracy in
recognition the face for example if there are twins the system may get wrong face ID.
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Figure 2-2 System Framework of Integrated System for
Monitoring and Recognizing Students during Class Session
There are some strengths can be found in this system that utilize voice
recognition technology to collect the attendance, according to the research. As
mentioned in research this attendance system is to track remote agents’ attendance
instead students. The additional hardware devices are not needed to be supplied by
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the corporation which will be expenses-effectiveness, due to the development of the
system only in mobile platform in order to minimize the cost of development. The
mobile devices of remote agents only needed to get verified their attendance by
sending their voice and with location tagging tools combination which make the
utilization of the system simple. Besides, the systems that utilize voice recognition
could be informed as forms of less particularity-sensitive than the other forms of
biometric such as palm print and the fingerprint. Thus, the remote agents by sending
their voice for verification, they do not want to be concerned about privacy lack.
In the other hand, the attendance system that utilize voice recognition
technology has some limitations found from its solution. Since the system
development is done in mobile platform, the mobile phone of remote agents will be
required by the system in order to get their attendance verified. Moreover, the system
will collect the attendance remotely and in order to track the location of the users, the
system will require (GPS) Global Positioning System, thus the cellular network must
be provided while utilizing the system. Mostly everyone has at least one smartphone
nowadays. However, there are some whom do not own smartphone also who do not
have network connection of all the time or have network connection problems. So
the people who do not have smartphones or internet connection to get their
attendance verified will face a serious problem or difficulty. In addition, the body
condition can possibly affect voice recognition technology and may cause errors
while verifying the voice of the employee. For instance, the voice of person may
temporarily affected by sore throat that causes difficulties in recognizing the voice of
person or not recognised at all by the voice recognition and also the verification
could be affected by surrounding noise so errors may increase. The students’
attendance in educational institution cannot be tracked by voice recognition, due to
there are better biometric forms more occasion than voice recognition, the data
permanency must be guaranteed as methods of biometric.
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Figure 2-3 A Low-cost Remote Attendance Tracking System for
Developing Regions
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2.4 Comparing RFID based attendance system using IOT technology for
educational institutions with the existing systems
systems
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2.5 Data Collection
Data collection is the process utilized to collect the data needed in order to
justify the problems of the research. The one of important stages to implement the
research is data collection, without collecting data, does not matter goodness of the
system that has been designing, the scholar will face difficulties or may not be able
to finish the research at all. Quantitative data and Qualitative data are two different
types of data collection.
As shown in the figure 2:4, the majority of response to this research are males, which
is 58.3 percent of them are males and 41.7 percent are females.
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As shown in the figure 2:5, the majority of responses, are from people their ages
from 18 to 25, which is 33.3 percent of them are above 25 and 4.2 percent are below
18.
As shown in the figure 2:6, majority of responses which are 62.5 percent said that
they help their friends getting sign the attendance while the 37.5 of the said that they
have not helped their friends getting sign.
As shown in the figure 2:7, most of the respondents which are 58.3 percent, have
experienced attendance system in their educational institutions while 41.7 percent of
the have not experienced before.
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Figure 2-8 skipping the class
As shown in the figure 2:8, the respondents who sometimes skip the class are 41.7
percent which are the majority, the respondents who seldom skip the class are 25
percent, and the respondents who never skip the class are 33.3 percent.
As shown in the figure 2:9, the majority of respondents have other reasons of skip
the class, which are 54.2 percent, while 16.7 percent of respondents their reason is
sleeping, as well as 16.7 percent of respondents do not skip the class at all, while
some respondents which their reason doing assignment are 8.3 percent, and 4.2
percent hanging out.
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As shown in the figure 2:10, the majority of respondents which are 45.8 percent
agree that academic results based on attendance rate, the respondents that said maybe
are 41.7 percent, and the rest of respondents which are 12.5 percent disagree.
As shown in the figure 2:11, 50 percent of respondents are satisfied, while the other
50 percent of are not satisfied.
As shown in the figure 2:12, the majority of respondents think that collecting the
attendance should be improve, the other respondents which are 29.2 percent do not
know, while none of the respondents think should not be improve.
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Figure 2-13 importance of attendance
As shown in the figure 2:13, the majority of respondents very important the
attendance to them, the 33.3 percent of them important to them, 12.5 percent not
important to them at all.
As shown in the figure 2:14, the majority of the respondents which are 70.8 percent
think that educational institutions should have advanced attendance system, while
29.2 of them think that maybe educational institutions should have advanced
attendance system, no one of respondents think that educational institutions should
not have advanced attendance system.
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Figure 2-15 implementation of attendance systems
As shown in the figure 2:15, the majority of the respondents which are 62.5 percent
think that implementation of developed attendance system will be perfect idea, 25
percent of them think the current systems are good, and 12.5 percent do not know.
As shown in the figure 2:16, the majority of the respondents which are 58.3 percent
have heard about RFID attendance systems, 41.7 percent have not heard.
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As shown in the figure 2:17, the majority of the respondents which are 83.3 percent
have not experienced any RFID attendance system in educational institution, while
16.7 percent have tried before in educational institution.
As shown in the figure 2:18, 37.5 of respondents think RFID attendance system is
perfect and the other 37.5 percent of them do not know, 25 percent of think is good,
while no one of the respondent's think is bad.
As shown in the figure 2:19, the majority of respondents which are 66.7 percent
think that RFID technology can provide features to develop attendance system, 8.3
percent think that RFID technology cannot provide features to develop attendance
system, while 25 percent think that maybe RFID technology can provide features to
develop attendance system.
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Figure 2-20 implementation of RFID attendance system
As shown in the figure 2:20, 62.5 percent of the respondents think that
implementation of RFID attendance system would help solving the problem of
attendance, and 33.3 percent think that maybe the implementation of RFID
attendance system would help solving the problem of attendance, while 4.2 percent
think that implementation of RFID attendance system would not help solving the
problem of attendance.
2.6 Summary
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CHAPTER 3
3.1 Introduction
This chapter will include the proposed methodology that utilized in this
project, analysis, and design of the system. The proposed methodology has been
discussed in details, and each phase has discussed briefly, the work progress of the
phases has written in details. In addition, this chapter includes Use Case diagram
with its descriptions of each case, Activity diagram that describes all the activities
that can be done on the system, structural model which consist Class diagram has
been designed and data model that describes the design of database. Moreover, the
proposed interface design which describes the proposed GUI of the system.
In the first phase which is Requirements all needed requirements will be gathered in
order to develop the system of student attendance.
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In the second phase, which is designing, several researches have been done on
products of current attendance system, to ensure that system will work as planned.
Moreover, to confirm that tools and components chosen to develop this system are
perfect.
In the third phase, which is development, the student attendance system will be
developed as prototype.
In the fourth phase, which is testing, the attendance system prototype will be tested
to ensure that all system functions are working as well as some experiment of the
prototype will be done.
In the fifth phase, which is deploying, the system will be deployed to utilize it and
ensure that is perfect in real environment.
In the sixth phase, which is review, as the last phase the review will be conducted to
identify the status of the system.
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3.3 System Analysis and Design
This part is contained analysis and design of RFID based attendance system
using IOT technology for educational institutions. The requirement gathered during
preparation and requirement process will be analyzed and converted into the design
that fulfil the defined requirement. In addition, contains some of the diagrams that
has been designed such as Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Class Diagram and
Entity Relationship Diagram. Moreover, full design of the system interface has been
designed as well.
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3.3.1 Use Case Model
The use case diagram of RFID based attendance system using IOT
technology for educational institutions, consist of six use cases and two actors. The
Lecturer/Faculty is primary actor of the system who can login to the system as
manager to the system, the student is secondary actor and will be involved only in
sign attendance use case, to submit the attendance by using the student card.
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3.3.2 Use Case Descriptions
This part contains the full descriptions of the use cases and full details has
written such as description of the use case, main flows and alternate flows.
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Table 3-5 Use Case Description of Students List
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Delete student information.
13. The system displays the student information deleted.
14. The system returns to main flow, step 12.
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20. The system displays message device added.
21. The system returns to main flow, step 30.
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3.3.3 Activity Diagram
Activity diagram that has been drawn shows all the activities that can be done
by user of RFID based attendance system using IOT technology for educational
institutions such as login manage students or device and importing list.
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3.3.4 Structural Model
Class diagram is structural model which identifies the classes and the
relationship of the classes to the system. As shown below in figure 3:4, the system
has four classes which are User, Student, Device and Attendance.
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3.3.5 Data Model
This part contains the Entity Relationship Diagram which show the
relationship between the entities as well as graphical representation of entities. As
shown in figure 3:5, the designed database consists of four tables which are User,
Device, Attendance and Students.
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3.3.6 Propose screen design/wireframe/interface design
Figure 3:6, shows the proposed interface design that describes the Login page
appearance and design of RFID attendance system. Lecturer/Faculty will be allowed
to login to the system from this page.
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3.3.6.2 Student list page
Figure 3:7, shows the proposed interface design that describes the Student List page
appearance and design of RFID attendance system. The Lecturer/Faculty will be
allowed to monitor all registered students from this page.
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3.3.6.3 Manage students' page
Figure 3:8, shows the proposed interface design that describes Manage Student page
appearance and design of RFID attendance system. The Lecturer/Faculty will be
managing student such as adding, updating and deleting students from this page.
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3.3.6.4 Attendance page
Figure 3:9, shows the proposed interface design that describes Attendance page
appearance and design of RFID attendance system. The Lecturer/Faculty will be
monitoring and importing attendance list from this page.
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3.3.6.5 Manage device page
Figure 3:10, shows the proposed interface design that describes Manage Device page
appearance and design of RFID attendance system. The Lecturer/Faculty will be
allowed to add and delete RFID device from this page.
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3.3.6.6 Manage user page
Figure 3:11, shows the proposed interface design that describes Manage User page
appearance and design of RFID attendance system. The Lecturer/Faculty will be
allowed to update their information from this page.
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3.4 Chapter Summary
In conclusion, the author has given the proposed methodology and discussed
on each phase of the project. Moreover, analysis and design of RFID attendance
system has been done, which are use case model and its description on every case
with main flow and alternate flow, activity diagram that designed to view all the
activities provided to the Lecturer, structural model which contain the designed class
diagram of RFID attendance system, data model which is entity relationship diagram
that describes the relationships between the entities and proposed interface design of
RFID attendance system, thus all has been discussed briefly and designed.
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CHAPTER 4
IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Introduction
The design overview describes users’ roles in RFID based attendance system
using IOT technology for educational institutions system. The system has two users
which they are administration and student which will be only involved in collecting
attendance. The admin has access to all information regarding registered students and
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their attendance. In addition, the admin can add new RFID device and connect it.
They can add new card UID under student information.
Internet of Things with RFID has recently attracted increased interest from
industry and academia. Internet of Things is a scenario which is people are provided
with RFID tag (unique identifiers) and the ability to automatically transfer data
across the network without the need of requiring human computer interaction. The
Internet of Things essential block are RFID forms where RFID devices are small
wireless chips used to tag objects for automatic identification. RFID systems consist
of a reading device which is responsible for reading tag unique code called a reader,
and one or more tags that contain the unique code. The design of system is
uuncomplicated to use human can interact easily due to flexibility of the design.
The IoT and RFID as one device with the designed interface provides high
efficiency. The IoT (Node MCU) is responsible for sending data wirelessly to the
database (MySQL) and RFID device responsible for reading the students data
recorded under the unique code of RFID tag with the designed interface. The product
designed to be unpretentious and efficient in utilization, the system designed to make
collection of the attendance easier thus, the interface design is convenient to be
learned by the user and the registration of students and setting up devices are suitable
to the system’s user. The system running very smooth which prevented from getting
errors. The RFID device is designed to be portable and connected to the system with
USB cable.
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4.3.2 Product Usability
4.4 Implementation
In this part, the results of the system will be shown in detail from registering
a tag and enrolling new student to reading the RFID tag that under student attendance
details to be stored in database and displayed in the system interface. Moreover,
when reading the RFID tag and at the same time, attendance will be stored in
database which the student attendance can be imported from database to an excel
file. Screenshots of the system will be provided and all the function and features will
be explained in next paragraphs.
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Figure 4-32 Login interface
The figure 4:1, shows the login interface from here the lecture or admin can
login to the system
The figure 4:2, shows the information of students registered to the system and
their card unique identifier number.
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Figure 4-34 Mange students' interface
The figure 4:3 and 4:4, shows the interface of mange student, to enrol new
student device mode must be on enrolment and when the tag placed on the reader the
card unique identifier number will be monitored on the manage student interface as
shown in figure 4:4, the student information must be entered after selecting the new
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tag to finalizing the enrolment of the new student to delete or update student the card
unique identifier number of students must be selected.
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Figure 4-37 Import attendance list interface
The figure 4:5, show the students who signed the attendance with their
entering time and exiting time, in figure 4:6, the date and time can be filtered as well
as students and departments then imported to excel.
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Figure 4-38 Device's settings interface
The figures 4:7 and 4:8, show the device settings interface that allows the
management to setup new RFID device and copying its token to be coded with
Arduino RFID device code to make the connection, the device can be utilized to
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enrol new student or to collect attendance which mode of the device must be on
enrolment mode to enrol students or attendance mode to collect their attendance. In
addition, RFID device can be removed or update its token.
The figure 4:9, shows the interface of administration account updating allow
the admin to update the account.
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Figure 4-41 RFID and Node MCU device
Figure 4-10, shows the RFID device which is the RFID-RC522 connected to Node
MCU. In this part the Node MCU utilized as micro-controller unit to transfer the
information of students, and the RFID-RC522 reader reads the unique identifier
number of student RFID tag. The working process of the system is students submit
the RFID tag under their names in timing in to RFID reader and then the student
information with their timing in will be send to the database and displayed student
attendance interface and when the students leaving, have to submit the RFID tag to
record the time out. The connection that between RFID and Node MCU has been
connected using jumper wires which is SDA connected to D4, SCK connected to D5
and MOSI connected to D7, MISO connected to D6, GND connected to G, and RST
connected to D3, V3.3 connected to V3.
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4.4.1 System Features
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Figure 4-43 Import to excel
Figure 4-15, shows the programming code that provide feature to import attendance
list to excel file as well as filtering the attendance based on entering and exiting time
and date, student name and department.
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Figure 4-44 Manage Student code
Figure 4-16, shows the programming code that provide features to register
new RFID card under student information and allows the management to manage the
student info or to remove any student.
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Figure 4-45 Student Attendance submission
Figure 4-18, shows PHP code which provide the feature to collect students’
attendance along with the submission time and date of their RFID card.
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4.4.2 Data implementation
The following tables are the database tables that store all students’
information as they store the students’ attendance records.
Figure 4-20, shows the database tables of the system that contain
administration information, devices connected to the system, students registered in
the system and students’ attendance records that will be explained in next
paragraphs.
Figure 4-21, shows admin table that contains administrations data which are
admin name, email and password, Moreover, administration only have access to the
system.
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Figure 4-48 Device Table
Figure 4-22, shows devices table the contains data about devices that install
and connected to the system which are device name, device department, device
unique identifier (token), device installation date, and device mode which are
enrolment or attendance.
Figure 4-23, shows registered students’ table which contain data about
student who registered in the system, the data contained in this table are name, ID,
gender, email, card unique identifier, registration date, device unique identifier, and
department.
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Figure 4-50 Student Logs Table
Figure 4-24, shows students’ attendance table that contains data about
students’ attendance records, which are name, ID, card unique identifier number,
device unique identifier number that user to record students’ attendance, attendance
date, time in, time out.
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4.5 Test Plan
Test plan is the one of the most important phases in implementation of this
project, during the implementation of RFID with Node MCU, and GUI with database
failures have been found, fixed and test to ensure that system working as expected
and in perfect condition. The test plan will be explained in details on next
paragraphs.
The important testing phase is on RFID module and Node MCU module to
ensure that they are function as intended, especially during their connection major
work have been done to be sure that are connected without any failures or struggles.
Moreover, many features have been tested during the implementation which are
getting data from RFID and Node MCU, importing student records to excel, time in
and time out records and getting device token features. In addition, testing has been
done during the implementation of the database. All these features have been testing.
After the system implemented, testing phase has been done to find errors and
bugs that may occur as in the errors analysis program, connection error and logic
errors. after the test plan was developed and fix the failures and errors, the system
has been evaluated to determine whether the system performance fully of pass
without any failures as well as to ensure all requirements have accomplished.
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Figure 4-51 wrong E-mail
Figure 4-20 and 4-21, show the message displaying when the e-mail or the
password is wrong.
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Figure 4-53 Logged in successfully
Figure 4-22, shows the message when the login is successfully passed.
Figure 4-23, shows the message when the UID card selected for the table.
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Figure 4-55 Student added
Figure 4-24, show the message when the student successfully added.
Figure 4-25 shows the wrong message that displaying when the submission of
remove student done without selecting any student.
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Figure 4-57 No selected student to be updated
Figure 4-26 shows the wrong message that displaying when the submission of
update student done without selecting any student.
Figure 4-27 shows the message when the student successfully updated.
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Figure 4-59 Student ID already exist
Figure 4-28 shows the wrong message when the student ID duplicated.
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Figure 4-61 Attendance filtered
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Table 4-10 Login page procedure
5 Select and add empty UID The fields are empty Pass
card
6 Select and update empty UID First you need to add student Pass
card
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8 Select and remove student or Student or UID card removed Pass
UID card
4 Click on new device and insert device The new device will Pass
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name and department and click on be inserted to the
create new device table
Test cases have done in this project are on recording students’ attendance,
identification of RFID tag or card, the ability to monitor the signing in time for the
students, and the Node MCU ability to send the signal of the RFID card through Wi-
Fi functions. These are all test cases have been done this project.
Manage Students
1. Registering new card UID and add it under students’ information.
2. Selecting and updating students’ information.
3. Selecting and removing students.
Students Attendance
1. Submission of student attendance within time in and time out.
2. Displaying of student information after registering the attendance.
3. Filtering of students’ attendance list by name, department, date, and
time in/out.
4. Importing of students list.
Device Settings
1. Adding new device.
2. Deleting device.
3. Updating device UID.
Database
1. Connection of the database.
RFID RC-522 and Node MCU
1. RFID reader.
2. Wi-Fi connection of Node MCU and transferring of data.
3. The connection between Node MCU and RFID.
These all-test cases have been done.
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4.6 Conclusion
In conclusion, this chapter has explained all the implementation phases that
have been done during the implementation in details, the design overview has been
discussed. The usability of system, HCI considerations, design, features
implementation, and testing. These are all the parts of chapter 4 that have been
discussed and all required information given.
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CHAPTER 5
5.1 Introduction
In this chapter, all the results of the system will be discussed based on the
system interface has been monitored and important system features code have been
captured in previous chapter. In addition, the results of the project which will be
describing the goal have been achieved, evaluation of the product which is the
strengths and weakness of delivering the requirement, evaluation of the project
process and future works which will assist developing the system more. All these
results and discussions of RFID based attendance system using IOT technology for
educational institutions will be discussed in details.
This RFID based attendance system using IOT technology for educational
institutions system followed and delivered all the objectives have been mentioned in
chapter 1. In addition, all functions of the system mentioned have been successfully
developed. The system is flexible for user to utilize and manage the student's
attendance. The system implemented as web application by utilizing Dreamweaver
and Arduino to program RFID and Node MCU. Therefore, the project objectives
have been followed successfully to solve the problem has been mentioned.
The implemented system has met most of the requirements which are
managing students, adding new device, and collecting the attendance. However,
some problem occurs during the utilization of the system. These are the list of the
problems or weakness.
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i. There is sometimes delaying in transferring the signal of RFID to the
system which is when the user enrol new UID card takes few seconds
to be monitored in system interface.
ii. All the students that registered the system from different departments
will displaying in the together and will be classified based on their
department or course.
This project has been done based on software and hardware work, which is
for the software has been searching and coding to provide the GUI (graphical user
interface) that make collecting attendance simpler. Moreover, for the hardware
process has been searching to find the best devices could provide most of functions
that could assist in collecting attendance. During the process of this project has been
searching and finding the best solution that could solve or assist in solving the
problem regarding students’ attendance.
The feature of RFID which is reading data stored on the tag and the feature
Wi-Fi model (Node MCU) have been fully utilized and developed to assist in
collecting students’ attendance by just placing the RFID tag over RFID reader that
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will be placed at classrooms entrance. There is future work that assist in making the
system more advanced.
i. Ability to add students under different subjects and attendance list
separated for each subject.
iii. developing RFID system and implementing the system that provide
feature for students to register the attendance form apart, they do not
have to RFID card on device any more.
CHAPTER 6
6.1 Introduction
The RFID based attendance system using IOT technology for educational
institutions is developed and implemented with the purpose to improve and automate
the current procedure and processes of previously implemented systems and manual
recording of attendance that still in utilization. During the developing and
implementation 3 major scopes of functions had to be prepared which include Node
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MCU, RFID reader and system interface. The system has been developed using
Arduino and Dreamweaver which are used due to their open sources and more easy
than other programming languages to get user interface programmed. Overall, the
project objectives are achieved. The user interface, and RFID device for recording
students’ attendance purpose where the RFID device connected to computer and WI-
FI by utilizing the Wi-Fi model. This system can be purposed to be implemented in
educational institution to assist the management system in recording attendance of
students.
6.2 Recommendations
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Gupta, D. A. (2011). Student Attendance Management. International Journal of
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Alia, M. A., Tamimi, A. A., & Al-Allaf, O. N. (2013). Integrated system for
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Shah, S. N., & Abuzneid, A. (2019, May). IoT based smart attendance system (SAS) using
RFID. In 2019 IEEE Long Island Systems, Applications and Technology Conference
(LISAT) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
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Appendix A Requirement Specification
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Appendix B Project Proposal
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Appendix C Progress Log Sheets
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Appendix D Turnitin Report
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Appendix E Presentation slides
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