Higher Nationals

Internal verification of assessment decisions – BTEC (RQF)

INTERNAL VERIFICATION – ASSESSMENT DECISIONS
Programme title Higher National Diploma in Computing

Assessor Internal Verifier

Unit 29 – Application Program Interfaces
Unit(s)
online shopping system for OZQ company
Assignment title

Student’s name
List which assessment criteria Pass Merit Distinction
the Assessor has awarded.

INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST

Do the assessment criteria awarded match

those shown in the assignment brief? Y/N

Is the Pass/Merit/Distinction grade awarded

justified by the assessor’s comments on the Y/N
student work?
Has the work been assessed Y/N
accurately?
Is the feedback to the student:
Give details:
• Constructive? Y/N
• Linked to relevant assessment criteria? Y/N
Y/N
• Identifying opportunities for
improved performance?
Y/N
• Agreeing actions?
Does the assessment decision need Y/N
amending?

Assessor signature Date

Internal Verifier signature Date

Programme Leader signature (if required)
Date
Confirm action completed
Remedial action taken
Give details:

Assessor signature Date

Internal Verifier
signature Date
Programme Leader
signature (if required) Date
Higher Nationals - Summative Assignment Feedback Form
Student Name/ID
Unit 29 – Application Program Interfaces
Unit Title
Assignment Number 1 Assessor
Date Received
Submission Date 1st submission
Date Received 2nd
Re-submission Date submission
Assessor Feedback:
LO1 Examine what an API is, the need for APIs and types of APIs
Pass, Merit & Distinction P1 M1 D1
Descripts

LO2 Apply the knowledge of API research to design an application that incorporates relevant APIs for a
given scenario or a substantial student chosen application
Pass, Merit & Distinction P2 M2 D2
Descripts

LO3 Implement an application in a suitable development environment

Pass, Merit & Distinction P3 M3 D3
Descripts

LO4 Document the testing of the application, review and reflect on the APIs used
Pass, Merit & Distinction P4 M4 D4
Descripts

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

* Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and external moderation has taken place and grades
decisions have been agreed at the assessment board.

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Assignment Feedback
Formative Feedback: Assessor to Student

Action Plan

Summative feedback

Feedback: Student to Assessor

Assessor signature Date

Student signature Date

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 Pearson Higher Nationals in
Computing
Unit 29 – Application Program Interfaces

2019/20 BTEC Internal Verification of Assignment Brief Template

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General Guidelines

1. A Cover page or title page – You should always attach a title page to your assignment. Use previous
page as your cover sheet and make sure all the details are accurately filled.
2. Attach this brief as the first section of your assignment.
3. All the assignments should be prepared using a word processing software.
4. All the assignments should be printed on A4 sized papers. Use single side printing.
5. Allow 1” for top, bottom , right margins and 1.25” for the left margin of each page.

Word Processing Rules

1. The font size should be 12 point, and should be in the style of Times New Roman.
2. Use 1.5 line spacing. Left justify all paragraphs.
3. Ensure that all the headings are consistent in terms of the font size and font style.
4. Use footer function in the word processor to insert Your Name, Subject, Assignment No, and Page
Number on each page. This is useful if individual sheets become detached for any reason.
5. Use word processing application spell check and grammar check function to help editing your
assignment.

Important Points:

1. It is strictly prohibited to use textboxes to add texts in the assignments, except for the compulsory
information. eg: Figures, tables of comparison etc. Adding text boxes in the body except for the
before mentioned compulsory information will result in rejection of your work.
2. Carefully check the hand in date and the instructions given in the assignment. Late submissions will
not be accepted.
3. Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due date.
4. Excuses of any nature will not be accepted for failure to hand in the work on time.
5. You must take responsibility for managing your own time effectively.
6. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such as illness, you
may apply (in writing) for an extension.
7. Failure to achieve at least PASS criteria will result in a REFERRAL grade .
8. Non-submission of work without valid reasons will lead to an automatic RE FERRAL. You will then
be asked to complete an alternative assignment.
9. If you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, reference them properly using
HARVARD referencing system to avoid plagiarism. You have to provide both in-text citation and a
reference list.
10. If you are proven to be guilty of plagiarism or any academic misconduct, your grade could be
reduced to A REFERRAL or at worst you could be expelled from the course

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Student Declaration

I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to present it as my
own without attributing the sources in the correct form. I further understand what it means to copy
another’s work.

1. I know that plagiarism is a punishable offence because it constitutes theft.

2. I understand the plagiarism and copying policy of Edexcel UK.
3. I know what the consequences will be if I plagiarise or copy another’s work in any of the
assignments for this program.
4. I declare therefore that all work presented by me for every aspect of my program, will be my own,
and where I have made use of another’s work, I will attribute the source in the correct way.
5. I acknowledge that the attachment of this document signed or not, constitutes a binding
agreement between myself and Pearson, UK.
6. I understand that my assignment will not be considered as submitted if this document is not
attached to the assignment.

Student’s Signature: Date:

(Provide E-mail ID) (Provide Submission Date)

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Higher National Diploma in Business
Assignment Brief
Student Name /ID Number

Unit Number and Title Unit 29- Application Program Interfaces

Academic Year 2021/2022

Unit Tutor

Assignment Title

Issue Date

Submission Date

IV Name & Date

Submission format

Part 1 – Report: The submission should be in the form of an individual written report. This should
be written in a concise, formal business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required
to make use of headings, paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be
supported with research. You must provide in-text citations and the reference list using Harvard
referencing system.

Part 2: Fully functional web solution.

The recommended word count for the report is 4,000–4,500 words excluding annexures. Note
that word counts are indicative only and you would not be penalised for exceeding the word.
Minimum word count – 4,000
Maximum word count – 5,500

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Scenario
“ELEKS “ is a Top 100 Global Outsourcing company. You work as an apprentice web developer for
ELEKS . As part of your role, you have been asked to create an online shopping system for OZQ
company.
Online shopping has grown its popularity over the years, mainly because people find it convenient
and easy to shop from the comfort of their own home or office. This is one of the most enticing
factors about online shopping Because of these reasons OZQ company has decided to develope an
online shopping system.
OZQ-cart has facilitates business-to-consumer sales through its website. OZQ-cart system helps to
buy any type of item online by choosing the listed products from the website. Following are the
functional requirements of the system.

 Registration – Customers can view the store but only the members can buy items. To
become a member of the website, the customer need to register for the membership.
 Login page - The Login page is peripheral of the secure area of the system and allows the
user to log onto the web application. The user can view the store and add their order to the
shopping cart.
 Shopping cart – Member can add their searched items to the cart.
 User Profile - The User Profile page is an area that allows the users to maintain their own
information. The user can browse and search the items and add to the shopping cart.
 Item Search and Select - Each customer must be able to view the status of the placed order.
 Feedbacks – user can provide opinions/ feedback to the site.

Following are the non-functional requirements of the system.

 Performance
 Usability
 Reliability and availability
 Security

Develop a web based solution for the above scenario.

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 Activity 1 - Examine what an API is, the need for APIs and types of APIs.
1.1 Examin What is an API (Application Program Interface) ,types and the benefits of APIs and
evaluate the potential security issues surrounding APIs with reference .
1.2 Examin the differences between API and SDK and Assess a range of APIs that covers a range
of users of the proposed solution.

Activity 2 - Apply the knowledge of API research to design an application that incorporates
relevant APIs for a given scenario or a substantial student chosen application
2.1 Apply the knowledge of API research and Analyse the alternative solutions similar to the
proposed system that could be enhanced by a suitable API. Design an application that will
utilize a range of APIs for the proposed solution and justify the design choices used.

Activity 3 - Implement an application in a suitable development environment

3.1 Develop an application with suitable android and web-site wireframes for the proposed
system design in task 2. Provide all the interfaces of the system and the appropriate codes
of it.

Activity 4 - Document the testing of the application, review and reflect on the APIs used
4.1 Design and complete a ‘black box’ and ‘white box’ testing methods for the developed
system and update the system according to the results. Critically evaluate the APIs used
within your application and results of your Test Plan. Include a review of the overall
success of your multipage website and provide a data security report of the application you
developed for the above sceanrio.

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 Observation Sheet

Activity Activity Learning Feedback

No Outcome (Pass/ Redo)
1 Examine what an API is, the need for APIs and types LO1
of APIs.

2 Apply the knowledge of API research to design an LO2

application that incorporates relevant APIs for a
given scenario or a substantial student
Chosen application.
3 Implement an application in a suitable development LO3
environment.
4 Document the testing of the application, review and LO4
reflect on the APIs used.

Assessor Name :…………………………………………….

Date :…………………………………………….

Assessor Signature :…………………………………………………………………………

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 Grading Rubric

Grading Criteria Achieved Feedback

LO1 Examine what an API is, the need for APIs and types
of APIs

P1 Examine the relationship between an API and a

software development kit (SDK).
M1 Asses a range of APIs for a particular platform that
covers a range of uses.
D1 Evaluate potential security issues surrounding APIs

LO2 Apply the knowledge of API research to design an

application that incorporates relevant APIs for a given
scenario or a substantial student chosen application
P2 Analyse an existing application that could be extended
with a suitable API.

M2 Design an application that will utilise an API for a

given purpose.

D2 Create a design for a chosen substantial application

that will utilise a range of APIs, justifying choices..

LO3 Implement an application in a suitable development

environment
P3 Build on an existing application framework to
implement an API.

M3 Develop an application that utilises an API.

D3 Construct an application utilising multiple APIs,

following the designs in LO2

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 LO4 Investigate scenarios with respect to design
PatternsLO4 Document the testing of the application,
review and reflect on the APIs used

P4 Design and complete a ‘white box’ test of the

application, recording the results.

M4 Conduct ‘black box’ tests of your application,

recording the results.
M5 Update the application accordingly with the results.

D4 Critically evaluate the APIs used within your

application. Provide a data security report of your
application.

Activity 1 - Examine what an API is, the need for APIs and types of APIs.
1.1 Examin What is an API (Application Program Interface) ,types and the benefits of APIs and
evaluate the potential security issues surrounding APIs with reference .

2019/20 BTEC Internal Verification of Assignment Brief Template

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What is an Application Programming Interface (API)?
An API is a collection of guidelines and procedures that enable various software programmes to
connect and communicate with one another. It outlines the procedures and file types that apps may
utilise to communicate and request data. Through APIs, developers can access a certain software
component, service, or platform's functionality without having to comprehend how it operates
internally.

Different API types:

Open APIs, often known as Public APIs, are those that are freely accessible to developers and other
users with little limitations. They are public and frequently used for web development.

Private APIs, also known as internal APIs, are utilised inside a company and are not accessible to
outside developers. They make it easier for various internal teams or services to communicate and
share data.

Partner APIs: Businesses or partners share access to these common APIs. They permit restricted access
to particular features or information.

Developers can use composite APIs to access several endpoints with a single call. They streamline
intricate processes by merging several requests into a solitary API query.

RESTful APIs: Representational State Transfer (REST) APIs are renowned for their scalability and
simplicity. They communicate using the conventional HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE).

SOAP-based APIs XML is used as the communications protocol for Simple Object Access Protocol
(SOAP) APIs, which usually run via HTTP. They are renowned for having robust security and tight
standards.

Advantages of Application Programming Interfaces

Interoperability: APIs facilitate smooth communication and collaboration between disparate software
systems, hence advancing interoperability.

Modularity: By dividing large, complex programmes into smaller, more manageable parts, APIs enable
developers to create scalable, modular applications.

Rapid Development: By utilising pre-existing APIs rather than creating new functionality from scratch,
developers can save time and effort.

Innovation: By enabling outside developers to build new features or apps utilising pre-existing services,
APIs promote innovation.

Efficiency: By giving programmes a standardised interface to communicate with one another, APIs
simplify development processes and increase efficiency.

Security Concerns Associated with APIs:

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Authorization and Authentication: In order to stop illegal access to API endpoints, it is essential to make
sure that the right authorization and authentication procedures are in place.

Data Integrity: To stop data manipulation, it is crucial to secure the integrity of data both during
transmission and storage.

Rate limitation: Rate limitation ensures fair consumption, guards against potential denial-of-service
attacks, and helps prevent abuse or overuse of APIs.

Secure Communication: Data is encrypted during transmission to prevent eavesdropping when using
HTTPS (SSL/TLS) for communication.

Input Validation: To stop injection attacks and other security flaws, input data must be properly
validated.

Monitoring and Logging: Putting in place thorough monitoring and logging systems makes it easier to
identify possible security issues and take quick action in response.

API Versioning: Ensuring that APIs are properly versioned prevents changes from breaking current
integrations and facilitates a seamless user experience.

API Gateway Security: By enforcing regulations and guarding against typical security threats, a secure
API gateway can be implemented to assist manage and secure API traffic.

Data privacy: Trust must be kept by guaranteeing adherence to data protection laws and protecting
sensitive user data.

For the OZQ-cart online shopping system to function seamlessly, integrate with external services, guard
against security flaws, and ensure data privacy, safe and well-documented APIs must be implemented.
The integrity and dependability of the system depend on regular security assessments and updates.

1.2 Examin the differences between API and SDK and Assess a range of APIs that covers a range
of users of the proposed solution.

App Programming Interface, or API:

Definition: An API is a collection of guidelines and procedures that permits communication between
various software programmes. It outlines the procedures and file types that apps may utilise to
communicate and request data.

Functionality: Using APIs, developers can gain access to particular features or services of a platform,
software component, or service that already exists.

Communication: APIs make it possible for disparate software systems to communicate with one
another and cooperate. By serving as go-betweens, they let apps communicate without disclosing their
inner workings.

Usage: Developers can acquire data, carry out specified tasks, and integrate their apps with third-party
services by using APIs.
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Software Development Kit, or SDK:

Definition: A software development kit (SDK) is a collection of tools, libraries, and documentation that
aids programmers in creating software for a particular hardware, platform, or framework.

Components: To help developers create applications, SDKs often come with a collection of
development tools, libraries, sample code, and documentation.

Scope: In addition to APIs, SDKs offer a wider range of resources. They provide a comprehensive
bundle that facilitates the creation of applications tailored to a particular setting.

Development Support: To aid in the development process, SDKs frequently come with extra tools like
emulators, simulators, and debugging tools.

Differences

Range:

API: Is concerned with specifying interfaces and protocols for inter-software or inter-service
communication.
A more extensive collection of tools, resources, and libraries are provided by the SDK to aid in the
development process.
Usability:

API: Mainly makes it easier for software systems to communicate and interact with one another.
SDK: Provides a full range of tools to let developers create applications from the ground up.
Parts:

API: Usually comprises a collection of endpoints, protocols, and documentation.

SDK: Consists of additional tools, libraries, and documentation in addition to APIs.
Assistance for Development:

API: May not include extra development support tools; instead, it focuses on facilitating
communication.
SDK: Offers a broader range of resources, debugging tools, and development tools to enable the full
application development lifecycle.
Evaluating a Variety of APIs

Maps API for Google:

Functionality: Provides location data retrieval, mapping integration, and Google Maps embedding into
apps.
Use Cases: Often utilised in applications that call for location-based services and mapping.
API for Twitter:

Functionality: Gives developers access to Twitter's features so they may send messages, get user
information, and use the platform.
Use Cases: used for social media analytics and the integration of Twitter functionality into apps.
API for Stripe:

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Features: Facilitates the processing of payments online, enabling developers to incorporate safe
payment features into their apps.
Use Cases: Frequently utilised for online transaction platforms and e-commerce apps.
API for OpenWeatherMap:

Functionality: Offers forecasts, weather data, and related information for access.
Use Cases: Applies to applications that need forecasts and meteorological data in real time.
GitHub API:

Functionality: Provides version control integration, issue management, and repository interaction for
developers on GitHub.
Use Cases: GitHub capabilities are integrated into project management and development workflows.
API for YouTube:

Functionality: Gives developers access to YouTube's video material so they may incorporate content
retrieval and playing.
Use Cases: For integrating functionality related to videos and embedding YouTube videos.
When evaluating an API, one must take into account several aspects like its functionality, integration
simplicity, documentation quality, community support, and potential security risks. Selecting APIs that
meet the unique demands and specifications of the development project is crucial.

Activity 2 - Apply the knowledge of API research to design an application that incorporates
relevant APIs for a given scenario or a substantial student chosen application
2.1 Apply the knowledge of API research and Analyse the alternative solutions similar to the
proposed system that could be enhanced by a suitable API. Design an application that will utilize
a range of APIs for the proposed solution and justify the design choices used.

In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, the incorporation of Application Programming

Interfaces (APIs) has emerged as an essential component of software development. Here, I will discuss
how to develop an innovative application that solves a certain use case by utilising a number of
application programming interfaces (APIs). Our goal is to enhance the travel experiences of our clients
by developing a "Smart Travel Planner" software that incorporates a wide variety of application
programming interfaces (APIs) for lodging, navigation, and local attractions.

A synopsis of the proposed scenario

Consider a scenario in which customers are planning a vacation and want to make the most of their
travel itinerary in order to enhance their vacation experience. With the application that has been
offered, the Smart Travel Planner, customers will have access to a comprehensive solution that will
allow them to successfully organise their trips. Through the utilisation of relevant application
programming interfaces (APIs), the application intends to speed up the process of finding the most
efficient routes, making reservations for lodging, touring surrounding locations, and monitoring travel
expenses.

Research on Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and Other Alternatives:

A variety of various solutions for trip planning are currently available on the market, and each of these
options offers a distinct set of benefits. The incorporation of application programming interfaces (APIs)
is a way to significantly enhance the usability and functionality of the Smart Travel Planner. Now, let's
have a look at some additional methods and potential intersections for application programming
interfaces:
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 1. The Application Programming Interface (API) for Google Maps provides geolocation, route
optimisation, and real-time navigation capabilities.
This is a combination: The Smart trip Planner is able to implement the Google Maps Application
Programming Interface (API) in order to supply users with interactive maps, route optimisation,
and directions for their travel plans.

2. The Booking.com Application Programming Interface (API) offers a wide variety of options for
booking hotels and other types of lodgings when it comes to functionality.
The term "integration" using the usage of the Booking.com Application Programming Interface
(API), users are able to search for and book accommodations using the Smart Travel Planner,
which ensures a diverse range of options.

3. The TripAdvisor Application Programming Interface (API) Functionality: Offers information on

surrounding restaurants, activities, and attractions, in addition to user reviews.
This is a combination: By integrating the TripAdvisor application programming interface (API),
the application may provide users with information about popular local attractions and assist
them in making judgements at the same time.

4. The Exchange Rates in Real Time API provides the most up-to-date exchange rates for a
number of different currencies.
This is a combination: A foreign exchange application programming interface (API) that provides
the most recent conversion rates can be incorporated into the Smart Travel Planner to assist
customers in managing their travel expenses.

The following is an illustration of the Smart Travel Planner:

The application known as Smart Travel Planner will be broken up into a number of different modules,
each of which will make use of specific application programming interfaces (APIs) in order to enhance
its functionality:

1. Personalised authentication API for user sign-up and access is included in the "APIs" category of the
"User Profile and Authentication" category.
This is the justification: Within the application, users are able to establish and manage their own
profiles, and a proprietary authentication application programming interface ensures that user data is
processed in a secure manner.

2. A Google Maps Application Programming Interface - A dynamic map and navigation

systemRationales for the application:* Customers are able to view their journey itinerary and identify
points of interest with the assistance of the trustworthy mapping and navigation services that are
supplied by the Google Maps API.

3. Reservations for Staying at Accommodations: - Application Programming Interfaces: Booking.com

API - Justification: Using the application programming interface (API) for Booking.com, users are able to
simply book accommodations directly through the application and have access to a large variety of
lodging options.

4. "Present Locations and Suggested Activities:" - "Application Programming Interfaces:" TripAdvisor API
- "Justification:" The Smart Travel Planner is able to give customers with reviews of nearby restaurants,
activities, and locations thanks to the integration of the TripAdvisor API.

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5. "Cost Management" - "Justification" - "Application Programming Interfaces" API for the Currency
Exchange Users would be able to better control their expenditure if the programme made use of an
application programming interface (API) for currency exchange in order to provide real-time conversion
rates for a variety of currencies.

Aspects to Take Into Account Regarding the User Experience:

During the design process of the Smart Travel Planner, the user experience was prioritised to be as
smooth and easy to understand as possible. Integration of application programming interfaces (APIs)
ensures that consumers can access a wide range of features on a single platform. The user interface of
the programme will be intuitive, and it will include functions such as route planning, hotel booking,
attraction exploration, and tracking of spending.

The Determinants Behind the Design Choices:

1. The Google Maps Application Programming Interface: Significance: Google Maps is a well-known and
dependable mapping application that provides accurate navigation and information that is always up
to date.
Advantages: Users have the ability to enhance their whole trip experience by visualising their routes,
discovering their locations, and receiving precise directions.

2. Reserving.com Application Programming Interface: One of the most popular websites for making
reservations for lodging is Booking.com, which offers a diverse range of options.
Benefits includes: The integration of Booking.com's application programming interface (API) enables
customers to browse, compare, and book accommodations with ease, ensuring a convenient and
individualised experience.

3. Advisor TripAdvisor API: TripAdvisor is a reliable database to consult when seeking for reviews and
recommendations from other users.
- One of the Benefits: The Smart Travel Planner incorporates the TripAdvisor Application
Programming Interface (API) to provide users with information about surrounding activities and
attractions, so helping them to make selections that are well-informed.

4. Application Programming Interface for Currency Conversion. Travellers who manage their expenses
in several currencies rely on real-time currency conversion rates.
Users are able to properly manage their travel budget by making use of accurate and up-to-date
information, which is made possible by the use of a currency conversion application programming
interface (API).

The outcome is:

Due to the fact that it was developed with the incorporation of relevant application programming
interfaces (APIs), the Smart trip Planner app gives customers a comprehensive and efficient method to
effectively manage and maximise their trip experiences. By using the features of Google Maps,
Booking.com, TripAdvisor, and a currency exchange application programming interface (API), the
software provides a one-stop shop for route planning, hotel booking, local discovery, and expenditure
management. This design exemplifies the potential of application programming interface (API)-driven
solutions to facilitate the development of unique, feature-packed programmes that can be used in a
wide range of contexts, while also enhancing the user experience.

Activity 3 - Implement an application in a suitable development environment

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3.1 Develop an application with suitable android and web-site wireframes for the proposed
system design in task 2. Provide all the interfaces of the system and the appropriate codes of it.

To build an online store and run a successful online business, you need a lot of e-commerce tools and
technologies. Your e-business plan must include hardware and software technologies.

Web Server
An e-commerce website is hosted on a web server. This server houses all of the website's databases,
media files, Html, JavaScript, and PHP files. The Windows or Linux operating system is used by the web
server. A web server's management is a very specialized job. The website development companies
either pay a hosting company to provide space on a secure web server or host the site on their own
server.
Software for the Server
When a user uses a web browser to visit a website, the web server is aware that the client is requesting
particular information. As a result, it processes the request and provides the client with the appropriate
files. The user is then presented with these files by the web browser. Application software, database
server software, file server software, and cloud computing software are among the many types of
server software available. Windows IIS and Apache are two of the most well-known programs for web
servers. The use of server software on a physical server or a virtual or cloud server is possible.
Web Tools
The front end of an e-commerce website is created with the help of a web authoring tool. They range
from basic HTML text editors like Notepad++ to CMS (content management systems) with built-in
frameworks and debugging tools and graphic authoring tools. Dreamweaver creates HTML files and the
CSS (cascading style sheet) that improve the site's visual appearance. Another web writing device would
be Visual Studio .net that can be utilized to cause the locales which to have coordinated data sets in it.
Web authoring tools are also included in graphic design packages, which are used to create a user
interface's skin.
Database System
An essential component of an e-commerce website is a database. Information about the website's
products and services, including prices, descriptions, images, details, and sales, is stored in the
database. In addition, the customer's order information, payment information, shipping information,
and contact information are all stored in the database. Your website must be programmed to securely
connect to the database in order to ensure that all orders are processed correctly and that your
business runs smoothly. The communication channel between the website and the DBMS (database
management system) is provided by PHP and MySQL technologies.
Networking
Transfer control protocol (TCP) and "internet protocol" (IP)—define how computers should
communicate with one another over the internet and how they should share data. FTP, HTTPS, and
other TCP/IP protocols are all common. Without even realizing it, we access the website using these
protocols. Downloading files from a browser is done with the FTP (file transfer protocol). The secure
communication between a server and a browser, such as account information or personal information,
is the responsibility of HTTPS (where the "S" stands for security). It is considered crucial to provide a
secure connection for an online store or e-commerce website. Any e-commerce website's trust and
security are correlated with the protocols SSL (secure sockets layer) and TLS (transport layer security).
Compatibility with Browsers
A web browser is a piece of software that is used to find, receive, and display content from web servers.
Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, and Safari are among the most widely used web
browsers. Before launching the website, web developers and agencies test it to see how it looks on a
variety of browsers, devices, and screen sizes.
Ports
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Ports enable two devices to communicate with each other using a distinct IP address. There can be
more than one port on a device. Typically, email is reserved for port 25 of SMTP. It is used to send data
from email servers that are far away. It is impossible to send emails if that port is blocked. Other
common port numbers include 80 for HTTP, 443 for HTTPS, 21 for FTP, and 22 for SSH. A port can
frequently be blocked by firewalls to enhance security.
Domain Names
Domain names are links to brands or businesses. The domain names of successful e-commerce
businesses are easily recognizable. Choose a domain name that is similar to your company's name if
you run a smaller business. A high search engine ranking would benefit from this. By registering
multiple domain names, such as.com,.net,.uk,.org, and.co, a company can ensure that no one can steal
your business by copying your business model if the company becomes successful online.

This brief summary will to organizing everything.

1: Front End: JQuery, HTML, CSS, JavaScript
2: Scripting on the server side: ASP, PHP
3: CMS: PrestaShop, Magento, OpenCart, and WordPress with Woo Commerce
4: Database: SQLite, MSSQL

1. Request feedback.
You must acquire the habit of seeking feedback. Although it may not always be beneficial, it is always
beneficial. Knowing what your customers think of your brand, business, products, and services is
crucial if you truly want to provide the best customer service.
2. Provide choices.
The fact that a customer is purchasing your goods online demonstrates that they value having a variety
of options. Give your customers the same chance to choose when it comes to customer service. Offer
additional options like text message customer service, live chat support, and toll-free phone numbers
instead of the drab contact form.
3. Be precise.
“Unhappy customers are unfortunately inevitable in any kind of business,” states Magicdust, a full-
service internet marketing and web design company. Include as much information as possible on
orders to avoid conflict. This means providing in-depth information about things like shipping and
return policies, warranties, guarantees, and other information that could affect how a customer feels
about your business.
4. Put money into good site search.
Your e-commerce site's design has a significant impact on your customer service. Invest heavily in high-
quality site search functionality to keep customers happy and convert them into buyers. This will help
you keep your customers happy and save you time by avoiding unnecessary interactions.
5. Give useful follow-up.
After making a single purchase from a company's website, we have all received those irritating emails.
Avoid being that business. Send valuable deals and offers to customers as soon as they make a
purchase, rather than waiting months to send them. When you are still fresh in the minds of shoppers,
they are more likely to make a purchase. Also, freebies and good deals show that you want to keep
them as a customer.
6. Offer shipping for free.
Offering free shipping is one of the most effective customer service strategies for e-commerce. Even
though it costs you a few extra dollars, it makes a big difference in convincing customers to make their
first purchase (and possibly others in the future).
7. Enhance interactions with clients.

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Your team has the skills to interact with customers, but they also need to connect with them. Try, for
instance, to locate points of agreement with the client, such as shared interests. This step humanizes
the rep-staff relationship for the customer and helps your team members comprehend conflict.
8. After the issue has been resolved, follow up.
If you want customers to feel like you were there for them when they had a problem, follow up to make
sure the problem was fixed completely and that the customer is happy with the service. This can be
done with an email or a survey of customer feedback; the idea is to show the customer that you are on
their side.

9. Listen intently to the customer.

To ensure that you are comprehending what your customers are saying, it is essential to clarify and
rephrase what they are saying. You can also help steer the conversation in the right direction by
demonstrating empathy and reflecting on their emotions.
10. Be accessible.
Providing customers with a means of contacting you is an essential component of the personal touch
required for customer satisfaction. Be available on their time, for instance, if you are in different time
zones. This will assist in gaining their trust and serve as a reminder that your company is not pre
programmed.

An e-business's success depends on its databases. They enable you to quickly and easily respond to
shifting market conditions by storing, analyzing, and managing vital customer, product, and sales data.
To increase the effectiveness of your e-business operations, you can also share information in the
database with partners in logistics and suppliers.
Product Information - Your e-business database can hold and update information about your products,
such as prices, promotional offers, and availability, as well as detailed product descriptions and
specifications.
Information About Your Customers - our customers' full names and contact information should be in
the database. Include the type and size of the business as well as the industry sector for business
customers.
Transactions - The fundamental customer data that is required for the management of your e-business
is crucial.
Personalization - You can tailor offers to customers based on their preferences with the help of in-
depth customer profiles.
Campaign Management - By analyzing the transaction data in your database and creating reports, you
can determine how well your product offers and marketing campaigns are working.
Self-Service - You can grant customers, suppliers, and logistics partners access to specific areas of your
database if the appropriate level of security is in place. For instance, customers can examine their order
history and the delivery status of pending orders.

Promoting goods and services to current and potential customers is known as eCommerce marketing.
The eCommerce marketing strategy can take many different forms, but the most important factor is
the online store's objectives.

Promotions: Which of your offers was most successful? Was it a coupon or free shipping? Compare the
offers and determine which promotions helped you achieve your campaign's objectives.
Channels: Which sales were made through which channels? During the holiday season, advertising is
extremely competitive; therefore, you should ensure that advertising expenses do not consume all of
your profit. You'll have a better idea of how to allocate your money if you know which channel
performed best last year.
Devices: Take into account the devices that your clients used to make purchases. Which device (mobile,
tablet, or desktop) was responsible for the majority of your conversions?
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Timing: Since there are a lot of important dates on the holiday calendar, offers naturally run at different
times and for different lengths of time. Your pre-Christmas promotions may last for several weeks,
whereas Black Friday discounts may only be available for a single day. Your overall sales and even the
functionality of your website will be affected by the timing of offers, preventing unintentional site
crashes.
Service to customers: During peak season, there is more traffic, which typically results in a clogged
customer service line. Therefore, examine your buyer's journey when planning for new seasonal sales.
Where on your website did your customers require assistance? Which points during the checkout
process did your customers stop making purchases?

Use Case diagram for the E-commerce system.

View Items, Make Purchase, and Client Register are the highest-level use cases. If a customer only
wishes to locate and view a few products, the View Items use case could serve as the top level use case.
Additionally, this use case could be incorporated into the Make Purchase use case. The Client Register
use case lets customers sign up on the website to get coupons or be invited to private sales, for
example. Keep in mind that the checkout use case is part of the purchase process and is not available
on its own.

1. Responsive Design
An increasing number of people are accessing websites via mobile devices, and eCommerce sales
account for a significant portion of this traffic. In point of fact, statistics indicate that mobile will account
for more than one fourth of all eCommerce sales. This indicates how crucial it is to ensure that your
eCommerce website is mobile-friendly in order to provide customers with the best possible experience
regardless of the device they use to access your website.

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2. Support Guest Checkouts
Businesses that have eCommerce websites will frequently want to make it necessary for customers to
sign up for an account before they can make a purchase. This way, customers' demographic
information can be tracked to analyze sales and allows for follow-up communication that encourages
future sales. However, it is essential to keep in mind that not everyone wishes to sign up for an account
in order to purchase a product. Although it is still a good idea to provide an option for individuals who
only wish to make a one-time order, repeat customers will want to register in order to receive the
benefits of having an account, such as saving their information for future purchases and receiving
notifications about upcoming sales.

3. Faceted search
It is another important method for assisting users in finding products. Site search is important. They
can narrow their search in a number of ways using this feature, such as by department, size, price
range, manufacturer, and so on. By allowing users to limit their searches to exactly what they are
looking for, this functionality gives them more control over how they find what they need.

4. Security
It is essential, and every eCommerce site should offer SSL to encrypt sensitive data. This is especially
true for information about payments and credit cards, but it also applies to information about
customers like their address, phone number, and email. When making a purchase online, customers
expect that their personal information will remain secure. As a result, implementing SSL is not only a
good idea but also absolutely necessary to ensure that your customers trust that their information will
remain secure.

5. Optimize Site Performance

If your website is sluggish, customers are likely to leave. 40% of users will leave a website that takes
longer than three seconds to load, according to statistics. This is especially true for mobile users, who
are more likely to move on to something else if a website is too slow because they are frequently
multitasking while accessing websites.

Activity 4 - Document the testing of the application, review and reflect on the APIs used
4.1 Design and complete a ‘black box’ and ‘white box’ testing methods for the developed system
and update the system according to the results. Critically evaluate the APIs used within your
application and results of your Test Plan. Include a review of the overall success of your
multipage website and provide a data security report of the application you developed for the
above sceanrio.

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1. Home Screen

2. Login Screen

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3. Signup Page

4. Wrong Signup Page

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5. Products Page

6. Items Added Page

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7. Shopping Cart

8. Process page

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Test Cases

Test Test Scenario Expected Outcome Status

Case ID
WBT-01 Code Structure and Code is well-structured and modularized Pass
Modularization
WBT-02 Data Integrity and Validation User input is validated; data integrity is Pass
maintained
WBT-03 API Integration and APIs integrate seamlessly; functionalities Pass
Functionality work as expected
WBT-04 Error Handling and Recovery System handles errors gracefully; users Pass
receive meaningful feedback
WBT-05 Security - User Authentication User authentication is secure; proper Pass
and Authorization authorization is enforced
WBT-06 Database Operations Database operations are efficient and Pass
error-free
WBT-07 Performance - Response Time System responds promptly; scalable Pass
and Scalability architecture

SWOT analysis of your web site.

Strengths Weaknesses
 Boundary less (global location)  Security
 Time saving  Fake websites
 No time constraints  Fraud
 Price/product comparison  Fewer discounts and bargaining
 Cost effective  Long delivery timing
 Direct communication with
 No idea about quality and physical
consumer
condition of the product
 Improved customer interaction
 Flexible target market segmentation  Limitation of products
 Simple and easier exchange of  Lack of personal services
information  More shipping cost
 Lowers transaction cost  Limited exposure
 Easy arrangement of products  Limited advertising
 Faster buying procedure  Customer’s satisfaction
 No physical company set up
 Easy transactions
 Niche products
 Low operating cost

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 Opportunities Threats
 Changing trends  Competitors
 New technologies  Changes in environment, law and
 Global expansion regulations
 High availability (24 hour and seven  Innovation
days a week)  Privacy concerns
 Wide business growth  Fraud
 Cut down on local competition  Risk
 Advertising

1. Establish Your E-Commerce Objectives The first step in developing an effective e-

commerce strategy is to define your objectives. You will be able to evaluate the
performance of your online store and the efforts of your e-commerce campaign with
the established goals in place, regardless of whether your objective is to attract a
certain number of customers or generate a certain amount of revenue within a
specific time period. Measure your objectives against industry norms and establish
quantitative benchmarks.
2. Develop Your Buyer Personas The success of your e-commerce strategy will depend
on your understanding of your target audience.
3. Identify Your Unique Value Proposition Online customers typically conduct
extensive research prior to making a purchase decision. This indicates that they will
probably compare your products or services to those of your rivals.
4. Write detailed descriptions of the products or services you're selling on your e-
commerce page to ensure they are effective. Customers should be able to easily read
these descriptions, which should highlight the features and benefits of your products
or services. Give your clients as much information as you can.
5. Delight Your Clientele There are a plethora of methods for generating brand
advocates and delighting your clientele. Think of features that will make shopping for
your products as enjoyable as possible for your customers. For instance: offer
personalization on packaging, free shipping, 15% off their first order, express shipping
on orders over $100, and other perks.
6. Improve the Checkout Procedure Improve your checkout procedure so that it runs
as smoothly as possible. A high rate of cart abandonment can be caused by a
checkout process that is poorly implemented.
Ensure that it is simple to use! For a more convenient experience, provide a social
media-based automatic sign-in option and do not necessitate the completion of
multiple pages of forms. Make it simple for customers to make last-minute changes
and let them see what's in their cart.
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7. Identify Opportunities for Upselling and Cross-Selling "Upselling is a sales technique
used to get a customer to spend more by buying an upgraded or premium version of
what they are buying."
8. Conduct retargeting and remarketing campaigns A lot of people who visit your
online store for the first time won't buy anything. In point of fact, 79% of people who
shop online abandon their carts.
9. Optimize Your E-Commerce Site for Mobile Devices By 2021, mobile e-commerce
sales are expected to account for 54% of all e-commerce sales. 70% of mobile
searches result in an action within an hour. 67% of consumers admit to "digital
window shopping" for fun on their mobile devices, and 77% of those consumers make
impulse purchases while doing so. According to Shopify, 69% of sales were made on
phones or tablets during the Black Friday and Cyber Monday weekend, whereas only
31% were made on desktop For some good examples of responsive web design, check
out this post.
10. Establish Trust In order to run an e-commerce store, trust is absolutely necessary.
Since customers are giving you private information, use the HTTPS protocol to encrypt
all data that comes into and leaves your website.

References

1. Anne Boehm, Joel Murach, Murach’s ASP.NET 4 Web Programming with C# 2010,
4th
Edition, Murach, 2010.
2. Bryan Syverson, Joel Murach, Murach’s SQL Server 2012 for developers, Murach,
2012.
3. http://www.w3schools.com/
4. http://msdn.microsoft.com/
5. http://agilemodeling.com/
6. http://csharp-video-tutorials.blogspot.co.uk/p/free-dot-net-video-tutorials-for.html
7. http://csharp-video-tutorials.blogspot.com/p/free-aspnet-video-tutorial.html
8. http://csharp-video-tutorials.blogspot.com/p/free-adonet-video-tutorial.html

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