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Week5-6 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

The document discusses Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), an interior gateway protocol. It explains that OSPF is a link-state routing protocol that provides fast convergence and scalability. It also describes how OSPF divides an autonomous system into areas to reduce routing table size, and discusses configuring OSPF areas and enabling OSPF on network segments.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
15 views

Week5-6 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

The document discusses Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), an interior gateway protocol. It explains that OSPF is a link-state routing protocol that provides fast convergence and scalability. It also describes how OSPF divides an autonomous system into areas to reduce routing table size, and discusses configuring OSPF areas and enabling OSPF on network segments.

Uploaded by

secret
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Open Shortest Path First

Week 5-6
(OSPF)

Open Shortest Path First


(OSPF)

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Expected Learning Outcomes
First
PathFirst
ShortestPath

• Explain OSPF Concept


1
(OSPF)
(OSPF)
OpenShortest

• Introduce OSPF simple network connection


2

• Discuss sample OSPF Basic Commands


Open

• Configure OSPF Network


4

UMAK-CCIS
UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol, developed
by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), is a link-
state Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP).
(OSPF)

At present, OSPF Version 2, defined in RFC 2328, is


intended for IPv4, and OSPF Version 3, defined in RFC
2740, is intended for IPv6. Unless otherwise stated,
OSPF stated in this document refers to OSPF Version 2.

The following describes OSPF fundamentals, and basic


OSPF function configuration.

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

Commonly used in large Enterprise networks.


OSPF is a link-state routing protocol providing
fast convergence and excellent scalability. Like
(OSPF)

all link-state protocols, OSPF is very efficient


in its use of network bandwidth.

Cisco is an active member of the OSPF working


group at the IETF, and is responsible for many
of the ongoing enhancements to the protocol.

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First Link-state
OSPF is a link-state protocol. A link can be
considered as a router interface. The link state
is a description of that interface and of the
(OSPF)

relationship with its neighboring routers. For


example, a description of the interface
includes the IP address and mask of the
interface, the type of the connected network,
and the connected neighbors. The collection of
all these link states forms a link-state
database (LSDB).
UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First OSPF Advantages
• Both IPv4 and IPv6 routed protocols
• Load balancing with equal-cost routes for the same
destination
(OSPF)

• VLSM and route summarization


• Unlimited hop counts
• Trigger updates for fast convergence
• A loop-free topology using SPF algorithm
• Run-on most routers
• Classless protocol

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First OSPF Packet Authentication
OSPF supports packet authentication. Only the OSPF packets
that have been authenticated can be received. If OSPF
packets are not authenticated, a neighbor relationship
(OSPF)

cannot be established.
The Router supports two authentication methods:
• Area-based authentication
• Interface-based authentication

When both area-based and interface-based authentication


methods are configured, interface-based authentication
takes effect.
UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First
Router types
Router Type Description
Internal router All interfaces on an internal router belong to the same
OSPF area.
Area Border Router (ABR) An ABR belongs to two or more than two areas, one of
(OSPF)

which must be the backbone area.


An ABR is used to connect the backbone area and non-
backbone areas. It can be physically or logically
connected to the backbone area.
Backbone Router At least one interface on a backbone router belongs to
the backbone area.
Internal routers in Area 0 and all ABRs are backbone
routers.
AS Boundary Router (ASBR) An ASBR exchanges routing information with another ASs.
An ASBR does not necessarily reside on the border of an
AS. It can be an internal router or an ABR. An OSPF
device that has imported external routing information
will become an ASBR.
UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
OSPF Enterprise Network based on its
OSPF Areas
Open Shortest Path First
(OSPF)

Globe Network

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
OSPF Enterprise Network based on its
Autonomous System
Open Shortest Path First

The links between the


routers within an
(OSPF)

independent network, or
PLDT
autonomous system (AS),
are referred to as Interior
Gateway Protocol (IGP)
links. The links between
routers in different
autonomous systems are
referred to as Exterior
Gateway Protocol (EGP)
Globe Converge
links. OSPF is an IGP.

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
A World Map of the Undersea Internet Cables
Open Shortest Path First This is to give you an idea how internet are being connected worldwide
(OSPF)

US-Taiwan undersea cable


https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3913150
UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
A World Map of the Undersea Internet Cables
Open Shortest Path First This is to give you an idea how internet are being connected worldwide
(OSPF)

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First
Creating an OSPF Area
Context
More and more devices are deployed with the increasing expansion of the network scale. As a result,
each device has to maintain a large LSDB, which becomes a heavy burden. OSPF solves this problem by
dividing an AS into areas. An area is regarded as a logical device group. Each group is identified by an
(OSPF)

area ID. The borders of an area are devices, rather than links. A network segment (or a link) belongs to
only one area; that is, each OSPF interface must belong to an area.

Procedure
Run system-view
The system view is displayed.

Run ospf [ process-id | router-id router-id | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] *


The OSPF process is enabled, and the OSPF view is displayed.

Run area area-id


The OSPF area view is displayed.

Areas are not equally important. The area with an area ID 0 is called the backbone area. The backbone
area is responsible for forwarding inter-area routing information. In addition, routing information
between non-backbone areas must be forwarded through the backbone area
UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First
Enabling OSPF
Context:
After creating an OSPF process, you need to configure the network
segments included in an area. A network segment belongs to only one
area. that is, you need to specify an area for each interface that runs
(OSPF)

OSPF. In this document, network segment refers to the network


segment to which the IP address of the OSPF interface belongs.

OSPF checks the network mask carried in a received Hello packets. If


the network mask carried in a received Hello packet is different from
the network mask of the local device, the Hello packet is discarded. As
a result, an OSPF neighbor relationship is not established

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First Single Area Basic OSPF Configuration
(OSPF)

Single Area Basic OSPF Network Overview

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First Single Area Basic OSPF Configuration

Cisco OSPF Configuration Steps


First of all, we will configure the routers’ interfaces. After that we will configure OSPF as
(OSPF)

our Routing Protocol. Here we assume that all the interfaces including loopback
interfaces, their speed, duplex and descriptions have been configured.

To do OSPF Cisco Configuration, follow the below steps:

Enabling OSPF Process

In the router A, we will enable OSPF Process, with Process Number “1“.
A(config)# router ospf 1
A(config-router)#

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First Single Area Basic OSPF Configuration

Cisco OSPF Configuration Steps


Adding OSPF Networks

After enabling OSPF process on our Cisco Router A, then, we will add our
(OSPF)

networks that will be in OSPF network with their wildcard masks.

A(config-router)# network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0


A(config-router)# network 10.10.11.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
A(config-router)# end

Saving OSPF Config

A # copy running-config startup-config

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Single Area Basic OSPF Configuration
Open Shortest Path First

Cisco OSPF Configuration Steps


OSPF Config on Router B
(OSPF)

We will configure Router B like Router A. We will enable OSPF and then add
OSPF Networks.

B(config)# router ospf 1


B(config-router)# network 10.10.11.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
B(config-router)# network 10.10.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
B(config-router)# exit

Save it
B # copy running-config startup-config

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Single Area Basic OSPF Configuration
Open Shortest Path First

Cisco OSPF Configuration Steps


OSPF Config on Router C
(OSPF)

We will configure Router C like Router A. We will enable OSPF and then add OSPF
Networks.

C(config)# router ospf 1


C(config-router)# network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
C(config-router)# network 10.10.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
C(config-router)# network 10.10.13.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
C(config-router)# end

Save it
C# copy running-config startup-config

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
OSPF Extended Discussions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kfvJ8QVJscc
Open Shortest Path First
(OSPF)

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
OSPF Configuration- Demonstration
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RB903PIb87U
Open Shortest Path First
(OSPF)

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024
Open Shortest Path First

End of Presentation
(OSPF)

Thank you

UMAK-CCIS
2023-2024

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