ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

STEEL, SHEET, COLD ROLLED, LOW CARBON WSS-M1A365-A11

STEEL, SHEET, COLD ROLLED, LOW CARBON, WSS-M1A365-A12

GENERAL FORMABILITY

STEEL, SHEET, COLD ROLLED, LOW CARBON, WSS-M1A365-A13

IMPROVED FORMABILITY

STEEL, SHEET, COLD ROLLED, LOW CARBON, WSS-M1A365-A14

HIGH FORMABILITY

STEEL, SHEET, COLD ROLLED, LOW CARBON, WSS-M1A365-A15

EXTRA HIGH FORMABILITY

STEEL, SHEET, HOT ROLLED, LOW CARBON WSS-M1A365-A20

STEEL, SHEET, HOT ROLLED, LOW CARBON, WSS-M1A365-A21

GENERAL FORMABILITY

STEEL, SHEET, HOT ROLLED, LOW CARBON, WSS-M1A365-A22

IMPROVED FORMABILITY

STEEL, SHEET, HOT ROLLED, LOW CARBON, WSS-M1A365-A23

HIGH FORMABILITY

1. SCOPE

The materials defined by these Global specifications are fully killed, fine grained, low carbon steel sheet,
with specified minimum yield strength between 110 and 240 MPa and good forming, joining, and painting
characteristics.

The steel sheet may achieve its final thickness by cold rolling, hot rolling, continuous thin-strip casting, or
other means. All requirements of the specific variant are to be met regardless of the final thickness
reduction method.

Hot rolled flat products are usually supplied in thicknesses greater than 1.8 mm, for uncoated products in
a pickled and oiled condition.

Specification WSS-M1P94-A shall be used where pre-coating by the steel supplier is required. All
requirements of the specific variant are to be met with or without pre-coating, except as noted in these
specifications or as noted as exceptions on the Engineering Drawing.

Date Action Revisions Rev. 1

2017 09 06 Revised See Summary of Revisions I. Liu, AP

2012 01 10 Released D. Jordan, NA, A. Toennessen, EU
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2. APPLICATION

These Global specifications were released originally for automotive body and chassis parts.

2.1 LIMITATIONS

Common Global Grade Names are provided for information purposes and are not intended to be
used on Engineering Drawings or CAD files.

Not all grade / gauge / width / coating combinations are available. Contact Product Development
Materials Engineering for assistance or Global Materials and Fastener Standards
([email protected]) for help in locating the responsible engineer.

Material supplied to these specifications may contain titanium or other transition metals as
alloying additions. Such alloyed steels, if subsequently surface treated by a nitrocarburising
and/or oxidizing process, risk becoming embrittled due to the formation of ultrafine TiN or other
precipitates. Accordingly, special consideration should be given to low carbon steel that contains
intentional additions of titanium or other transition metals for parts that may be subjected to
nitrocarburising and/or oxidizing processes.

3. REQUIREMENTS

Note: Drawing Precedence – Any part specific exceptions or restrictions of requirements listed in
paragraph 3 shall be recorded on the part drawing and have to be considered in all engineering
testing and attribute confirmation checklists.

3.1 APPROVED SOURCES

This specification requires the use of approved sources. Only the sources identified on the
Ford Approved Source List (ASL) can be used when this specification is listed on the drawing,
CAD file, or other documents. The list of approved sources is located within Ford at
www.mats.ford.com or available externally through a Ford Materials Engineer. See also
paragraph 4.1.

3.2 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MICROSTRUCTURE

(ASTM E112, JIS G0320, ISO 4967 / ASTM E45)

3.2.1 Chemical Composition

The upper and lower limits of chemical composition of the controlled elements shall be
established by the supplier and included in the supplier's Control Plan. Guidelines for
chemical composition are provided in section 4.4.

Heat and/or check analyses shall be provided as part of the initial material source approval
process in a format suitable for upload into the Ford Material Database.

3.2.2 Microstructure
The grain size number shall be established as part of the initial material source approval
process and shall be consistent (within 1 unit) throughout the thickness of the sheet.

The steel sheet shall be free from internal defects that adversely affect manufacturing or
part functionality. Examples of defects may include: pipe laminations, non-metallic
inclusions, segregation, and blowholes. Non-metallic inclusion content shall not exceed a
rating of 2.0 for thin and 2.0 for heavy when tested in accordance with ASTM E45 Method
D, Plate I-r, by analysis at 100X.

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3.3 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

(ASTM E8M, ASTM E517, ISO 6892-1, ISO 10113, ISO 10275,JIS Z2241,JIS Z2254)

For initial approval requirements see paragraph 4.1.

Mechanical properties are valid in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. Certification of
ongoing production material shall be in accordance with regional and/or local requirements.
It is acceptable to certify material for shipment using only one test direction. However, disputes
will be settled using longitudinal, transverse and diagonal test bars sampled from the suspect
material.

For the determination of mechanical properties, the material cross sectional area shall be
defined as that of the steel substrate only; contribution of any metallic and/or organic coating to
the calculated cross-sectional area used for stress calculations is neglected. (i.e. Zn, e-coat
and/or paint are not included). This method of determining the cross sectional area of the test
bar will be used as the referee method in all cases where the mechanical properties of the
incoming material are in dispute.

Yield Strength is defined as lower yield stress or 0.2% proof stress (for materials without marked
yield point).

ASTM Total Elongation is measured with an ASTM (50 mm) test bar (ASTM E 8M).
EN Total Elongation is measured with an ISO II (80 mm) test bar (ISO 6892-1).
JIS Total Elongation is measured with a JIS #5 test bar (JIS Z 2241).

Plastic Strain Ratio (r-value) is defined for a specific test direction with respect to the rolling
direction. It is measured at 20% total elongation (or maximum uniform elongation if less than
20%). See ASTM E 517, ISO 10113, or JIS Z 2254.

Average Plastic Strain Ratio (ravg) is calculated as a weighted average of the individual
r-values, i.e., ( 0o + 90o + 2 x 45o ) / 4. For grades with ravg requirements, data is collected for
initial source approval. Ongoing certification to ravg requirements is not required for all coils.
However, disputes will be settled using longitudinal, transverse and diagonal test bars sampled
from the suspect material.

Strain Hardening Exponent (n-value) is measured over the range 10-20% strain (or 10% to end
of uniform elongation if less than 20%). See ASTM E 646 or ISO 10275. n-value measurements
only valid for material up to 6.4 mm. For gauges over 6.4 mm n-values are not required.

Bend testing shall be performed to ASTM E290. Using a V-Bend test setup through a 90º bend
angle. Other test setups may be acceptable at the discretion of the regional Materials
Engineering

Mechanical properties are reported following standard rounding rules.

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Table 1: Mechanical Properties for Cold Rolled Grades

Variant A11 A12 A13 A14 A15

Common Global Grade Name CR1 CR2 CR3 CR4 CR5
Yield Strength, MPa (min) 140 140 140 140 110
Yield Strength, MPa (max) 280 240 210 180 160
Tensile Strength, MPa (min) 270 270 270 270 260
Tensile Strength, MPa (max) 410 370 350 330 330
ASTM Total Elongation, %(min) N/R 34 38 40 42
EN Total Elongation, % (min) N/R 34 38 40 42
JIS Total Elongation, % (min) N/R 37 41 43 45
ravg (min)
Note 1
N/R N/R 1.5 1.6 1.7
r90 (min)
Note 2
N/R 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.0
n value (min) N/R 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.22
Note 1: Calculation by (r0+r90+2r45)/4. The ravg value can be ≤0.15 lower for thickness 1.50 ≤ t <
2,00 for both GI and uncoated products. The ravg value can be ≤0.3 lower for thickness 2.00≤ t <
2,50 for both GI and uncoated products. ravg value not required for thickness above 2.5mm.
Note 2: The value of r90 only applies to products of thickness ≥ 0.5 mm. The r90 value can be ≤0.2
lower for thickness 1.50 ≤ t < 2.00 for both GI and uncoated products. The r90 value can be ≤0.4
lower for thickness 2.00≤ t < 2.50 for both GI and uncoated products. r90 value not required for
thickness above 2.5mm.

Table 2: Mechanical Properties for Hot Rolled Grades

Variant A20 A21 A22 A23
Common Global Grade Name HR0 HR1 HR2 HR3
Yield Strength, MPa (min) 240 210 180 180
Yield Strength, MPa (max) 350 320 290 260
Tensile Strength, MPa (min) 310 310 270 270
Tensile Strength, MPa (max) 460 430 400 380
ASTM Total Elongation, % (min) 26 30 34 38
EN Total Elongation, % (min) 22 26 30 34
JIS Total Elongation, % (min) N/R 33 39 42
n value (min) 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18

3.4 DIMENSIONS AND DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES

3.4.1 Thickness and Thickness Tolerance

Unless otherwise specified by Ford Motor Company on the Engineering Drawing or
Purchase Order, the tolerance for thickness shall comply with ESBAU5-1N260-AA or
latest level.

3.4.2. Other Dimensional Tolerances

Length, width, flatness, camber, out-of-square, mass and other tolerances for the
material as delivered by the steel supplier are defined by the relevant local
manufacturing activity, e.g. by referring to the “Sheet Metal Coils and Blanks - Technical
Delivery Conditions” document used by Ford Europe or regional industry standards like
the ASTM A 568M, A 635M, JFS A 1001, JFS A 2001, EN 10051, EN 10131 and EN
10143 if applicable.

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3.5 FORMABILITY

In conjunction with the material supplier and Product Development Materials Engineering, the
affected local manufacturing activity shall, approve the formability of this material by means of
laboratory test(s), manufacturing trial(s), and/or another mutually acceptable alternative, using
the equipment and methods that are proposed for production.

If needed to enable the fabrication of a specific component, restricted tolerances and/or

additional material property requirements (i.e., the "quality level" of the steel) shall be developed
by the affected manufacturing activity and the steel supplier. Examples include, but are not
limited to: restricted yield strength range, restricted gauge tolerance, specified minimum n-value,
and specified surface roughness.

The "quality level" of the steel for a specific component:

• shall not conflict with specified requirements in paragraph 3 of this Engineering Material
Specification
• shall be described and documented in detail by the local manufacturing activity,
e.g. by using the Metal Specification sheets (GSHT3, EU55, EU2066)
• shall be a mandatory extension of these Engineering Material Specifications

Acceptance of subsequent orders by the steel supplier for a given component at the agreed
upon quality level implies that all steel supplied will be of a comparable quality level and will form
that part satisfactorily as defined and recorded by the manufacturing activity.

3.6 JOINABILITY

In conjunction with the material supplier and Product Development Materials Engineering, the
affected local manufacturing activity shall, as part of the initial material source approval process,
approve the joinability (e.g., resistance spot welding, riveting, adhesive bonding) of this material
by means of laboratory test(s), manufacturing trial(s), and/or another mutually acceptable
alternative, using the equipment and methods that are proposed for production.

Regional requirements exist for initial Material Source Approval:

• FNA/FSA/APA – FLTM BA113-08 (incl. additional supplement for AHSS)

• FoE – SEP 1220-2

Contact Product Development Materials Engineering for assistance or [email protected] for help in
locating the responsible engineer.

3.7 SURFACE

3.7.1 Surface Classification

Surface quality shall be defined as Exposed (E) or Unexposed (U):

• An Exposed (E) surface shall be specified for parts of the vehicle that are exposed
to view after paint or trim. Classified as a Class 1 surface in ES-F75B-11007-AA
• An Unexposed (U) surface shall be specified for parts of the vehicle that are
concealed during normal use. Classified as a Class 3 surface in ES-F75B-11007-
AA
• A Class 2 surface as defined by ES-F75B-11007-AA has to be specified as either E
or U depending on the expectations of Product Development.

Note: Designation E replaces Class 1, U replaces Class 3 used in former sheet

metal material specifications

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3.7.2 Incoming Lubricant

Products coated with a designated mill-applied lubricant (i.e., mill oil or prelube) shall
comply with the regional requirements. Check with regional manufacturing activity (see
Technical Delivery Conditions document in Europe).

3.7.3 Surface Roughness

The surface roughness and associated parameters for a given component are to be
defined and recorded by the regional manufacturing activity.

3.7.4 Coating Requirements

See WSS-M1P94-A for requirements for coil coatings on steel sheet.

3.8 PAINTABILITY

In conjunction with the material supplier and Product Development Materials Engineering, the
affected local manufacturing activity shall, as part of the initial material source approval process,
approve the paintability (e.g., compatibility, appearance, performance) of this material by means
of laboratory test(s), manufacturing trial(s), and/or another mutually acceptable alternative, using
the equipment and methods that are proposed for production.

4. GENERAL INFORMATION

The information given below is provided for clarification and assistance in meeting the requirements of
this specification. Contact [email protected] for questions concerning Engineering Material Specifications.

Ford Motor Company may, at its option and in agreement with the local or regional supplier,
define additional and/or restricted technical delivery requirements such as mechanical properties,
forming characteristics and surface texture, for a specific grade and/or part. The defined requirements
shall be mandatory and no characteristics shall conflict with this engineering specification.

4.1 INITIAL SUPPLIER APPROVAL BY FORD

Suppliers desiring approval of their materials shall first obtain an expression of interest from
Purchasing, Design or Product Development and Materials Engineering. The supplier shall
submit a completed copy of their laboratory test reports, signed by a qualified and authorized
representative of the test facility, demonstrating full compliance with all the requirements of
the Material Specification. Tested material samples must be available for review upon request
and kept for a minimum of one year. Upon request, the supplier will review the associated
quality control documents (Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, Control Plans,
Certification testing) with Ford.

Upon initial technical approval the material will be added to the Engineering Material Approved
Source List (ASL).

4.2 SUPPLIER'S ONGOING RESPONSIBILITY

All materials must be equivalent in all characteristics to the material upon which approval was
originally granted.

Prior to making any changes to the material originally approved, whether or not such changes
affect the material's ability to meet the specification requirements, the supplier shall notify the
affected Supplier Technical Assistance (STA), Purchasing, and Materials Engineering activities
of the proposed changes (with reasons) by submission of a completed Suppliers Request for
Engineering Approval, SREA.

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For parts and components using Ford Engineering Material Specifications, all samples tested to
the specifications for Design Verification (DV), Production Verification (PV) and Production Part
Approval Process (PPAP) sign off must be kept until Job 1.

4.3 RESTRICTED SUBSTANCE MANAGEMENT STANDARD

Substance restrictions imposed by regulations or Company direction applies to the materials
addressed by this document. The restrictions are identified in the Restricted Substance
Management Standard WSS-M99P9999-A1 which is updated yearly. It is the supplier’s
responsibility to comply with this standard on a continuing basis through IMDS and or GMAP
reporting.

4.4 CHEMISTRY

Note: The alloy concept / product data for 5 heats will be documented in the source
approval document. See section 3.2.1.

Typical Composition (wt. %) of Cold Rolled Mild Steel

Grade C Si Mn P S Al Ti Cu
CR1 ≤ 0,12 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,60 ≤ 0,055 ≤ 0,035 ≥ 0,010 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20
CR2 ≤ 0,10 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,025 ≤ 0,020 ≥ 0,010 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20
CR3 ≤ 0,08 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,025 ≤ 0,020 ≥ 0,010 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20
CR4 ≤ 0,06 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,40 ≤ 0,025 ≤ 0,020 ≥ 0,010 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20
CR5 ≤ 0,02 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,020 ≤ 0,020 ≥ 0,010 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20

Typical Composition (wt. %) of Hot Rolled Mild Steel

Grade C Si Mn P S Al Ti Cu
HR0 ≤ 0,13 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,60 ≤ 0,035 ≤ 0,030 ≥ 0,015 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20
HR1 ≤ 0,13 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,60 ≤ 0,035 ≤ 0,030 ≥ 0,015 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20
HR2 ≤ 0,10 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,025 ≤ 0,030 ≥ 0,015 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20
HR3 ≤ 0,10 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,50 ≤ 0,025 ≤ 0,030 ≥ 0,015 ≤ 0,30 ≤ 0,20

4.5 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

It is the supplier’s responsibility to ensure the use of the active versions of all referred standards
or documents.

External Standards:

ASTM A568M Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, and High-Strength,
Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for
ASTM A635M Standard Specification for Steel Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness
Coils, Carbon, Hot-Rolled
ASTM E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
ASTM E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
ASTM E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
ASTM E517 Test Method for Plastic Strain Ratio r for Sheet Metal
ASTM E646 Test Method for Tensile Strain-Hardening Exponents (n-values) of
Metallic Sheet Materials

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EN 10051 Specification for Continuously Hot Rolled Uncoated Plate, Sheet and
Strip of Non-Alloy and Alloy Steels – Tolerances on Dimensions and
Shape
EN 10131 Cold Rolled Uncoated and Zinc or Zinc-Nickel Electrolytically Coated
Low Carbon and High Yield Strength Steel Flat Products for Cold
Forming – Tolerances on Dimension and Shape
EN 10143 Continuously Hot-Dip Coated Steel Sheet and Strip – Tolerances on
Dimensions and Shape
ISO 4967 Steel – Determination of Content of Non-Metallic Inclusions –
Micrographic Method
ISO 6892-1 Metallic Materials – Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature
ISO 10113 Metallic Materials – Sheet and Strip – Determination of Plastic Strain
Ratio
ISO 10275 Metallic Materials – Sheet and Strip – Determination of Tensile Strain
Hardening Exponent
JFS A 1001 Hot Rolled Steel Sheet and Strip for Automobile Use
JFS A 2001 Cold Rolled Steel Sheet and Strip for Automobile Use
JIS G0320 Standard Test Methods for Heat Analysis of Sheet Products
JIS Z2241 Method of Tensile Test for Metallic Materials
JIS Z2254 Metallic Materials – Sheet and Strip – Determination of Plastic Strain
Ratio
SEP 1240 Testing and Documentation Guideline for the Experimental
Determination of Mechanical Properties of Steel Sheets for CAE-
Calculations

Ford Material / Engineering Standards:

ESBAU5-1N260-(*) Sheet Metal Gauges & Thickness Tolerances

WSS-M1P94-A Coatings, Steel Sheet
Sheet Metal Coils and Blanks - Technical Delivery Conditions, Ford Europe*
(*) – latest level

4.6 METHOD OF SPECIFYING

The specification on the Engineering Drawing, CAD file, or related documents shall include the
base steel, the coating (if applicable), and the surface classification.

e.g. Steel, Sheet, Cold Rolled, Low Carbon, High Formability (design minimum yield strength
140 MPa), coated with hot dip galvanized zinc to 50g/m² weight per side, for a visible exterior
body panel (CR4), would be specified thus:

• Steel to WSS-M1A365-A14, coated to WSS-M1P94-A: 50G50G-GI E

e.g. Steel, Sheet, Hot Rolled, Low Carbon, uncoated, for a non-visible part with minimal specific
formability requirements (HR0), would be specified thus:

• Steel to WSS-M1A365-A20 U

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5. LIST OF REVISIONS:

9-6-2017
- Section 1: reworded
- Section 3: added drawing precedence note
- Section 3.1: Source approval requirements aligned with Ford WSS standard requirements
- Section 3.2.2: ASMT E45, plate I-r
- Section 3.3:
- Revision of test methods section, re-edited.
- r value requirement for thickness above 1.5mm.
- Section 3.4.2: added reference to “Sheet Metal Coils and Blanks - Technical Delivery
Conditions, Ford Europe*
- Section 3.5: Formability: Deleted formal requirement for source approval, added quality level
documentation
- Section 3.7: New surface quality classification (E,U), reference to coating specification added
- Section 4.1: re-worded
- Sections 4.2 (supplier responsibility), 4.3 (RSMS) and 4.4 (chemistry) added
- Section 4.5: Material callout examples edited, use new E, U surface quality code
- Section 4.6: External / internal reference documents updated
- Section 5 List of revisions added

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