CHAPTER - 8

BINOMIAL THEOREM

60
KEY POINTS

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 Binomial Theorem for Positive Integers :
 (x + y)n = nC0 y0 + nC1 xn–1 y1 + nC2 xn–2 y2 + ………….
…………. + nCr xn–r yr + …………. nC2 x0 yn,

ID
Where n is any positive integer.

 General Term = Tr+1 = nCr xn–r yr, where 0 ≤ r ≤ n.

U
 Total number of terms in expansion (x + y)n is n + 1.
YG

 Middle Term :
 If n is even, then there is only are middle term

 
M.T. =   term
 
D

 If n is odd, then there is two middle terms

U

 
(i) M.T. =   term
 
ST

 
(ii) M.T. =   term
 

88 [XI – Mathematics]
  Some important observations :
 In expansion (x + y)n

Tr+1 [(r + 1)th term from beginning] = nCr xn–r yr

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T’r+1 [(r + 1)th term from end] = nCn–r xr yn–r

 (x + y)n = nC0 x0 + nC1 x1 y1 + nC2 x2 y2 + ……. + nC2 xn.

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Section - A

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (1 MARK)

1.
ID
Write number of terms in the expansion of   .
U
 
2. Expand   using binomial theorem.
 
YG

3. Write value of

 

4. Which term is greater (1.2)4000 or 800?

D

 
5. Find the coefficient of x-17, in the expansion of   .
 
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6. Find the sum of the coefficients in (x + y)8

ST

[Hint : Put x = 1, y = 1]

7. If nCn–3 = 720, find n.

89 [XI – Mathematics]
 8. Fill in the blanks

(a) Number of terms in expansion (–2x + 3y) is _______.

 

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(b) Term independent of x in expansion of is   _____.
 
 
(c) The middle term in the expansion of   is ______.
 

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 
(d) If the coefficient of x in   is 270, then  = _______.
 

(e) The coefficient of x5 in (x + 3)8 is ________.

(f)
ID 
4th term from the end in expansion of 


 is ______.

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9. True / False
(a) For expansion of (x + y)n , Tr = nCr xn–r yr.
YG

(b) Middle term for expansion of (2x – 3)8 is 5th term.

(c) For expansion of (1 + x)n, coefficient of 5th term is ___ nC4.
(d) 6n – 5n is divisible by 5, where n  N.
(e) Number of terms in (x + y)5 + (x – y)5 is 10.
D

(f) Coefficient of x5 in (1 + x)10 is 10C5.

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 
10. The middle term of   is -

ST

(a) (b)

(c) (d) .

90 [XI – Mathematics]
 11. For all n  N, 24m – 15n – 1 is divisible by -
(a) 125 (b) 225

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(c) 450 (d) 625.

12. What is the coefficient of xn in (x2 + 2x)n–1 ?

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(a) (n – 1) 2(n – 1) (b) (n – 1) × 2(n – 1)
(c) (n – 1) 2n (d) n . 2(n – 1).

 
13. The coefficient of x–3 in the expansion of   is -

(a) – 924 m7
(c) – 792 m6 ID 
(b) – 792 m5
(d) – 330 m7.
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 
14. In the expansion of   the term without x is equal to -

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(a) (b)

(c) (d) None of these.

D

15. If in the expansion of (1 + x)20, the coefficients of rth and (r + 4)th

term are equal, then x is equal to -
U

(a) 7 (b) 8
(c) 9 (d) 10.
ST

16. If in the expansion of (1 + x)5, the coefficients of (r – 1)th and

(2r + 3)th terms are equal, then the value of x -
(a) 5 (b) 6
(c) 4 (d) 3.

91 [XI – Mathematics]
 17. The total number of terms in expansion of (x + a)100 + (x – a)100
after simplification is -
(a) 202 (b) 51

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(c) 50 (d) None of these.

 
18. The middle term in the expansion of   is -


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2n
(a) Cn (b) (–1)n 2nCn x–n
2n
(c) Cn x–n (d) None of these.

19. If the coefficients of x2 and x3 in the expansion of (3 + ax)9 are

(a)
ID
the some, then the value of a is -

(b)
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(c) (d) .
YG

Section - B
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (2 MARKS)

20. How many term are free from radical signs in the expansion
D

 
of  
 
U

 
21. Find the constant term in expansion of   .
 
ST

22. Find the value of

92 [XI – Mathematics]
 23. Find 4th term from end in the expansion of find the value of
 
 
 

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24. Find middle term in the expansion of (x – 2y)8.

25. Which term is independent of x in the expansion of

 

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 
 

 
26. Find the 11th term from end in expansion of  
 

ID
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (4 MARKS)

Section - C
U
27. If the first three terms in the expansion of (a + b)n are 27, 54 and
YG

36 respectively, then find a, b and n.

 
28. In   which term contains x12.
 

 
D

29. In   find the term independent of x.

 
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30. Evaluate     using binomial theorem.

ST

31. In the expansion of (1 + x2)8, find the difference between the

coefficients of x6 and x4.
32. Find the coefficients of x4 in (1 – x)2 (2 + x)5 using binomial
theorem.

93 [XI – Mathematics]
 33. Show that 32n + 2 – 8n – 9 is divisible by 8.

 
34. If the term free from x in the expansion of   is 405.
 

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Find the value of k.

35. Find the number of integral terms in the expansion of

 
 

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 
36. If for positive integers r > 1, n > 2 the coefficients of the (3r)th
term and (r + 2)th powers of x in the expansion of (1 + )2n are
equal, then prove that n = 2r + 1.

37.
ID
If a, b, c and d in any binomial expansion be the 6th, 7th, 8th and

9th terms respectively, then prove that

U
38. If in the expansion of (1 + x)n, the coefficients of three
consecutive of three consecutive terms are 56, 70 and 56. Then
YG

find n and the position of terms of these coefficients.

39. Show that 24n + 4 – 15n – 16 where n  N is divisible by 225.

40. If the coefficients of three consecutive terms in the expansion of

(1 + x)n are in the ratio 1 : 3 : 5, then show that n = 7.
D

41. Show that the coefficient of middle term in the expansion of

(1 + x)20 is equal to the sum of the coefficients of two middle
U

terms in the expansion of (1 + x)19.

Find the value of r, if the coefficient of (2r + 4) th term and (r – 2)th

ST

42.
term in the expansion of (1 + x)18 are equal.

94 [XI – Mathematics]
 43. Prove that there is no term involving x6 in the expansion of
 
 
 

60
44. The coefficient of three consecutive terms in the expansion of
(1 + x)n are in the ratio 1 : 6 : 30. Find n.

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Section - D

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (6 MARKS)

45. Show that the coefficient of x5 in the expansion of product

(1 + 2x)6 (1 – x)7 is 171.

46.
ID
If the 3rd, 4th and 5th terms in the expansion of (x + a)n are 84,
280 and 560 respectively then find the values of a, x and n.
U
   
47. If the coefficients of x7 in  –7
 and x in   are

YG

equal, then show that ab = 1.

  th
48. In the expansion of   , the ratio of 7 term from the
 
th
beginning to the 7 term from the end is 1:6 , find n.
D

49. If a1, a2, a3 and a4 are the coefficients of any four consecutive
terms in the expansion of (1 + x)n
U

Prove that .
ST

50. Using binomial theorem, find the remainder when 5103 is divided
by 13.

51. Find the remainder left out when 82n – (62)2n+1 is divided by 9.

95 [XI – Mathematics]
 52. Find the coefficient of xn in expansions of (1 + x) (1 – x)n.

53. Find the value of     and show that  

60
lies between 197 and 198.

54. Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (1 + x + 2x3)

 
 

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 

55. If the coefficients of rth, (r + 1)th and (r + 2)th terms in the

expansion of (1 + x)4 are in A.P find the value of r.

56.

57.
ID
If the expansion of (1 – x)2n–1, the coefficients of xr is denoted by
ar , then prove a(r–1) + a(2n–r) = 0.

If the coefficient of 5th, 6th and 7th terms in the expansion of

U
(1 + x)n are in A.P., then find the value of n.

   
YG

58. Find the coefficient of x7 in  –7

 and x in  

and find the relation between a and b so that these coefficients
are equal.

59. The coefficients of 2nd, 3rd and 4th terms in the expansion of
D

(1 + x)2n are in A.P. Prove that 2n2 – 9n + 7 = 0.

 
U

60. Show that the middle term in the expansion of   is


 
ST

96 [XI – Mathematics]
 ANSWERS
1. 29

60
2.

2n+1
3. C7 4. (1.2)4000

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5. –1365 6. 256

7. n = 10

8. (a)

(b)
18





ID 9. (a)

(b)
False

True
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 
10
(c) C5 (c) True
(d) 3 (d) False
YG

(e) 152 (e) False

(f) (f) True

10. (b) 11. (b)

D

12. (a) 13. (d)

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14. (c) 15. (c)

16. (a) 17. (b)

ST

18. (b) 19. (d)

20. 6 terms (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 40, 50)

21. –252 = –10C5

97 [XI – Mathematics]
 31
22. C6 – 21C6 / 23.

24. 1120 x4 y4 25.

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25
26. C15 × 27. a = 3, b = 2, n = 3

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28. 9th term 29.

ID
30. 82 31. 28

32. 10 34. k = ±3
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35. 129 integral terms 36.
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38. n = 8, 4th, 5th and 6th 42. r = 6

 
43.   44. n = 41
 
D

46. a = 2, x = 1, n = 7 48. 9
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50. 8 51. 2

52. (–1)n [1 – n] 53. Zero

ST

54. 55. 5

57. n = 7 or 14 58. ab = 1

98 [XI – Mathematics]