Name______________________ Date_________

Miss Badean AP Biology

Cell Structures and Functions

1. Write the name of the cell part in the box next to its description/function.

Cell membrane Nuclear envelope

Centrioles Nucleolus Nucleus
Chloroplast Ribosomes, bound
Cytoplasm Ribosomes, free
Endoplasmic reticulum, rough Vacuole
Endoplasmic reticulum, smooth Vesicle, secretory (release)
Golgi apparatus Vesicle, transport
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Cell Part Description/Function

CELL MEMBRANE Forms the boundary of the cell; acts as a selective

barrier allowing certain materials to pass but not
others
CYTOPLASM The entire region between the nucleus and the cell
membrane; consists of the cytosol
Cell Part Description/Function
NUCLEUS Contains
Consists most of the
of flattened genes thatsacs;
membranous control the
receives
GOGLI BODY
eukaryotic
transport cell;from
vesicles generally themodifies
the ER; most conspicuous
ER products;
organelle in a eukaryotic cell;
produces certain molecules; produces contains the
lysosomes and
nucleolus
secretory and chromatin
vesicles
NUCLEOLUS Where the components of the ribosomes are
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC Channels proteins
synthesized andtoassembled;
transport vesicles;
found in attaches
the nucleus
carbohydrate to some proteins; involved in membrane
RETICULUM production through thethat
production of boundary between
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE Double membrane forms the
vesicles; has attached ribosomes
the nuclear contents and the cytoplasm; perforated
with pores
TRANSPORT VESCICLE Carries ER products to the Golgi
FREE RIBOSOMES Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol;
produces proteins for use within the cell
SECRETORY VESCICLE Carries Golgi modified products to the cell membrane; fuses
BOUND RIBOSOMES Site
with theofcell
protein synthesis;
membrane attached to the outside
releasing
surface of the endoplasmic reticulum; produces
the contents to outside the cell
proteins for use outside the cell or for use in the cell
LYSOSOME Membrane
membrane. found sac of hydrolytic enzymes;
enzymes are
Synthesizes used to digest
lipids food,
including other molecules,
phospholipids and and old,
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC worn out cell parts
steroids; metabolizes carbohydrates; detoxifies
RETICULUM drugs and
Membrane poisons;
bound sacs;stores
largercalcium ions; lacks
than vesicles; stores
VACUOLE
attached
materials ribosomes

MITOCHONDRIA Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP from sugars,

fats, and other fuels

CHLOROPLAST Site of photosynthesis; produce food using light energy,

CO2 and H2O

CENTRIOLES Paired structures found in animal cells; consist of

microtubules in a 9+0 arrangement; involved in cell
division
2. Match the cell part with the correct letter from
the diagram below.

F Cell membrane

A Cytoplasm

J Golgi

K Lysosome

B Mitochondria

H Nuclear envelope

E Nucleolus

G Ribosomes

I Rough ER

C Smooth ER

3. Is the cell pictured in number 2 above an animal or plant cell? ANIMAL

Justify your reasoning. There is no cell wall. Centrioles are present. There are no chloroplasts.

4. Match the structure with the correct letter from the diagram below.

B Bound ribosomes

H Cell membrane

I Cell wall

G Central vacuole

F Chloroplast

J Cytoplasm
 E Golgi

D Mitochondria

C Nuclear envelope

M Nuclear Pore

A Rough ER

L Smooth ER

5. Is the cell in question four a plant or animal cell? __ PLANT__________

Justify your answer. There presence of a large central vacuole, a cell wall, and several chloroplasts
6. Match the function with the correct cell part from the diagram below.

Letter Description/Function
I Carries Golgi modified products to the cell membrane; fuses with the cell membrane
releasing the contents to outside the cell

L Consists of DNA and protein; condenses to form chromosomes

J Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol; produces proteins for use within the cell

G Membrane bound sac of hydrolytic enzymes; enzymes are used to digest food, other
molecules, and old, worn out cell parts

K Contains most of the genes that control the eukaryotic cell; generally the most conspicuous
organelle in a eukaryotic cell; contains the nucleolus
and chromatin
F Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP from sugars, fats, and other fuels

M Where the components of the ribosomes are synthesized and assembled;

found in the nucleus

B Paired structures found in animal cells; consist of microtubules in a 9+0 arrangement;

involved in cell division
E Site of protein synthesis; attached to the outside surface of the endoplasmic reticulum;
produces proteins for use outside the cell or for use in the cell membrane.

C Synthesizes lipids including phospholipids and steroids; metabolizes carbohydrates;

detoxifies drugs and poisons; stores calcium ions; lacks attached ribosomes

A The entire region between the nucleus and the cell membrane; consists of the cytosol

D Channels proteins to transport vesicles; attaches carbohydrate to some proteins; involved

in membrane production through the production of
vesicles; has attached ribosomes
N Forms the boundary of the cell; acts as a selective barrier allowing certain materials
to pass but not others

H Consists of flattened membranous sacs; receives transport vesicles from the ER; modifies
ER products; produces certain molecules; produces lysosomes and secretory vesicles
7. Match the function with the correct letter from the diagram below.

Letter Description/Function
H Consists of DNA and protein; condenses to form chromosomes

J Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol; produces proteins for use
within the cell

I Contains most of the genes that control the eukaryotic cell; generally the most
conspicuous organelle in a eukaryotic cell; contains the nucleolus and chromatin
L Protective layer external to the cell membrane; consists of cellulose

D Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP from sugars, fats, and other fuels
B Site of photosynthesis; produce food using light energy, CO2 and H2O

G Where the components of the ribosomes are synthesized and assembled;

F The entire region between the nucleus and the cell membrane; consists of the
found in the nucleus
cytosol
C
E Synthesizes lipids including
Channels proteins phospholipids
to transport and steroids;
vesicles; attaches metabolizes
carbohydrate to some
carbohydrates;
proteins; detoxifies
involved drugs and
in membrane poisons;
production stores the
through calcium ions; lacks
production of vesicles;
attached ribosomes
has attached ribosomes
A Contains hydrolytic enzymes; sequesters dangerous by-products;
contains soluble pigments; stores water; involved in cell growth

K Consists of flattened membranous sacs; receives transport vesicles from the

ER; modifies ER products; produces certain molecules; produces lysosomes and
secretory vesicles
THE ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM! – TRANSPORT WITHIN CELLS
8. Color the following parts on the diagram below:

Amino Acids (arrow)(A) Golgi (G)

Rough ER (B)
Ribosomes (C) Secretory vesicle (H)
Peroxisomes (D) Lysosome (I)
Smooth ER (E) Food vacuole (J)
Transport vesicle (F) Cell membrane (K)
Protein product (L)
The diagram in #8 shows the relationship among the majority of the components on the
endomembrane system. Use the diagram and your notes to complete the following chart.

Transition Secretory
Lysosome
(Transport) Vesicle
Vesicle
Endoplasmic Golgi Body Golgi Body
Reticulum
Origin

Proteins, other ER Proteins, other Digestive

products ER products Enzymes, H+
Contents
ions

Golgi Body Cell Membrane Vacuole for

fusion
Destination

9. Match each of the events listed below with the correct number from the diagram in
#8.

2 Proteins routed by ER; proteins may be modified

3 Formation of transition vesicle

9 Lysosome fuses with vacuole

4 Transition vesicle carries contents to the Golgi

6 Secretory vesicle produced

5 Golgi modifies proteins

1 Amino acids imported into the cell; bound ribosomes use the amino acids to
produce proteins

8 Lysosome produced; lysosome contains hydrolytic enzymes

7 Secretory vesicle contents released to the outside of the cell

10. Identify the organelles involved in the production and secretion (release) of
secretory proteins. (HINT: It starts with the nucleus…)
Nucleus -> Rough ER Ribosomes -> Transport Vesicle -> Golgi -> Secretory Vesicle ->
Cell Membrane

11. What is one example of a general function of a protein that would be secreted
from a cell? Cell Signaling (hormones), Digestive Enzymes, Fighting
Disease