Technology of Milk and Milk Products

AHDS-353
Credit- 1+1=02
Dr. A. S. Mukhekar
Assistant Professor, Deptt. of AHDS
Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Agriculture, Talsande, Kolhapur.
WEL-COME
 Teaching Schedule- Theory

Lecture Topic Weightage(%)

1 Present status of dairy industry in India 6

2 Definition of milk, composition of milk of different livestock species 7

3 Physico-chemical properties of milk 6

4 Factors affecting yield and composition of milk 7

5 Microbial quality of raw milk and standards for different market milk 9

6 Nutritional importance of milk and its constituents 4

7 Reception , standardization and homogenization of milk 4

8 Pasteurization of milk and its methods 6

9 Chilling, storage and marketing of milk 5

 Teaching Schedule- Theory

Lecture Topic Weightage(%)

10&11 Classification and composition of Indigenous milk products 10

12 Quality management standard and system (BIS/ISI standards, PFA rules, 7

AGMARK, HACCP, FSSAI )
13 International requirements for export of milk and milk products 6

14 Preservation of milk and milk products by physical, chemical, biological 7

and herbal preservatives
15 Utilization of dairy by-products like whey and high acid milk 8

16 Packaging of milk and milk products with modern techniques 8

Total 100
 Teaching Schedule-Practical

Experiment Topic
1 Study of platform tests and sampling of milk and milk products
2 Determination of fat by Gerber’s method
3 Determination SNF, TS, specific gravity and acidity of milk
4 Determination of adulteration in milk and milk products
5 Standardization of milk by Pearson’s method
6 Study of cream separator and separation of cream
7 Preparation of flavoured and chocolate milk
8 Preparation of Khoa, Basundi and Rabri
9 Preparation of Paneer,Channa and Rassogolla
10 Preparation of Dahi, Chakka and Shrikhand
 Teaching Schedule-Practical

Experiment Topic
11 Preparation of Butter
12 Preparation of Ghee
13 Preparation of Ice-cream and Kulfi
14 Preparation of Pedha and Gulabjamun
15 Study of cleaning and sanitization of dairy equipments
16 Visit to milk processing plant.
 Suggested Reading:

1. Milk and Milk Products – Winton and Winton (1993), Agrobios (India), Agro. House, Behind
Nasrani Cinema, Chopsani Road, Jodhapur

2. Milk Testing – Davis J. G. Agrobios (India), Agro. House, Behind Nasrani Cinema, Chopsani
Road, Jodhapur.

3. Chemistry of Milk and Milk Products – Singh V. B. (1965), Asian Publishers, New mandi,
Muzaffarnagar.

4. Dairying in India – Gupta, H. A. (1997) Kalyani Publisher, 1/1 Rajinder Nagar, Ludhiana.

5. Outlines of Dairy Technology – Sukumar De (2000) Oxford University Press, New Delhi
 TOPIC-1
Present Status of Dairy industry in India
Expected Points-
1. Milk Production
2. Milk Productivity
3. Milk Consumption Pattern- State Wise
4. Milk and Milk product Utilization Pattern
5. Milk Handling OR User Pattern
6. Milk marketing scenario
7. Milk processing facility
8. Share of dairy co-operatives in milk industry
9. Share and growth rate
10. Import and export of milk dairy products
11. Employment generation
12. New dairy products
13. Leading Institute related to dairy education and Industry
 1. Milk Production

Species- Cow, Buffalo, Sheep and Goat

India rank – ………………… Position (21% of global output)
198.4 MT (Million Tonnes) in 2019-20, 209.96 MT in 2020-21
,
State Production (MT) Ranks
Uttar Pradesh 31864 I
Rajasthan 25573 II
Madhya Pradesh 17109 III
Gujrat 15292 IV
Andhra Pradesh 15263 V
Punjab 13348 VI
Maharashtra 12024 VII
 2.Milk Productivity

 Milk productivity of animals (Country)

– Indigenous cow
– Crossbred cow
– Buffalo
– Goat
 Milk productivity of animals in various states of India
– Punjab and Kerala
– Haryana
– Maharashtra
 Milk productivity of cattles in developed countries.
– USA
– Canada
– Netherland
– Sweden
– Finland
 3. Milk Consumption Pattern- State Wise (2019-20)

State Consumption (gms/day) Rank

India 406
Punjab 1221 I
Haryana 1118 II
Rajasthan 817 III
Andhra Pradesh 799 IV
Gujrat 615 V
Himachal Pradesh 573 VI
Maharashtra 269 XIII
 4. Milk and Milk product Utilization Pattern

• Product wise utilization pattern-

Products Utilization (%)
Liquid Milk 46
Ghee/Butter 33
Curd/ Dahi( Shrikhand,Lassi) 7
Khoa (Peda, Burfi, Gulabjamun) 7
Chhana/ Paneer (Rasgolla, Rasmalai) 3
Western Products (Powder, Cheese) 4
 5. Milk Handling OR User Pattern

• Major Players…..
1. Household sector (45%)
2. Non organized sector (37%)
3. Organized Sector (18%)

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 6. Milk marketing scenario

• Unorganized - (60-64%)
• Organized -
– Co-operative (27-30%)
– Private (9-10%)

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 7. Milk processing facility

 Current milk processing capacity of India is 53.5 MT

 Number of dairy plants in India with Capacity

Sector No. of Dairy plant Milk processing Capacity (Cr.l)

Private 403 3.84

Cooperative 212 2.83
Government 63 1.21

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 8. Share of dairy co-operatives in milk industry

Three tier structure- (Anand Pattern)

 Primary village Societies (1.22 lakh) eg- Ambewadi village c-operative
society
 District/ Tehsil processing union (198) eg- kolhapur zila co-operative milk
union
 State Milk federations (23) eg- …….cooperative milk marketing federation

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Contd………

State Cooperative milk marketing federation

Maharashtra Mahanand , Gokul, Warana
Gujrat Amul
karnataka Nandini
Punjab Verka
Andhra pradesh Vijaya
Bihar Sudha
Tamil Nadu Avin
kerala Milma
Delhi and karnataka Mother dairy
 9. Share and growth rate

• Share of agriculture in GDP: 18.4% (2019-20)

• Share of Livestock sector in Agril. GDP:29.35% (2019-20)
• Share of Livestock sector in GDP: 5.2% (2019-20)
• Share of milk industry in Livestock sector in GDP:70%
• Growth rate of Indian economy: 6%
• Growth rate of Indian Agriculture: 3.9% (2021-22)
• Growth rate of livestock sector: 4.19% (2018-19)
• Growth rate of milk production in India: 6.5% (2019)

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 10.Import and Export of Dairy Products

• At present India Import- Skim milk power and Butter oil

• Major Importers- ………………..

• India Export- Milk power, Cheese, Butter, Butter oil, Shrikhand,

Gulabjamun and Rasgulla

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 11. Employment generation

Self employment to ………..

 Rural people
 Landless
 Widows

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 12. New dairy products

• Probiotic Ice-cream (Amul)

• Set curd
• flavoured milk (Amul cool)
• Chhas and shrikhand (pasteurized)
• Low lactose milk
• Drinking yogurt
• Ready to reconstitute basundi
• Kheer
• Rasmalai

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 13. Leading Institute related to dairy education and Industry

1. National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal

(Harayana)
2. National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), Anand
(Gujrat)
3. National cooperative dairy federation of India, Anand
4. SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand
5. Central Food Technological and Research Institute, Mysore
6. Indian Dairy Diploma at Mumbai and Allahabad
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Thank You