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8.1. Purity, Formulations and Chromatography

The document discusses purity, formulations, and chromatography. It states that the purity of a substance can be determined by comparing its melting or boiling point to literature values, as impurities will cause deviations. Formulations contain precise mixtures of components designed for a specific use, as found in products like paints, foods, and medicines. Chromatography techniques separate mixtures based on how substances partition between a stationary and mobile phase, allowing identification of pure compounds or components in a mixture.

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24 views

8.1. Purity, Formulations and Chromatography

The document discusses purity, formulations, and chromatography. It states that the purity of a substance can be determined by comparing its melting or boiling point to literature values, as impurities will cause deviations. Formulations contain precise mixtures of components designed for a specific use, as found in products like paints, foods, and medicines. Chromatography techniques separate mixtures based on how substances partition between a stationary and mobile phase, allowing identification of pure compounds or components in a mixture.

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VivPlayz
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© © All Rights Reserved
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The closer the recorded Impurities in the sample will Ensures the

value to the exact value, the decrease the boiling point and cause formulation has
purer the substance The melting or boiling point of a sample can be the sample to boil over a wider the correct
compared with the actual value in a data book range of temperatures properties
E.g. pure milk
A pure substance will melt/boil at
Impurities in the sample will increase the Made by mixing
a specific temperature
Everyday definition: A substance melting point and cause the sample to melt the components
with nothing added to it. over a wider range of temperatures in precise
Boiling or melting point quantities
Chemistry definition: A substance used to determine purity Mixtures designed
that contains only one compound for a particular
or element use Formulations are found in
paints, fuels, cleaning
Separation depends
on the distribution
Pure 8.1 PURITY, products, cosmetic,
fertilisers and foods
of the substances substances FORMULATIONS Formulations
between the two The more soluble a chemical,
phases Separates substances AND the more time is spends in the
in a mixture solvent, meaning it will move
E.g. paper in paper CHROMATOGRAPHY further up the paper
chromatography Stationary phase
- where the The solvent Pure compounds will produce a
A solvent, e.g. water or molecules can’t Chromatography moves up the single spot in all solvents
ethanol move paper, carrying
the substances in The compounds in a mixture should separate
Mobile phase - where Chromatogram the mixture into different spots (depends on solvent)
the molecules can
Allows the
constituent move Rf values Paper chromatography
substances of the
mixture to be Different compounds Rf = distance moved by substance
identified have different Rf values
in different solvents
distance moved by solvent AQA
https://bit.ly/pmt-cc
https://bit.ly/pmt-edu https://bit.ly/pmt-cc

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