Chapter 3

This chapter outlines the research methodology used in the study, including action research as the design. The population was 515 Upper B.E.D. students from grades 7-10 at SLMCS. Through stratified random sampling, 60 students were selected as respondents. Data was collected through a questionnaire with 5 questions administered to the respondents. Ethical considerations such as permission, anonymity, and honest reporting were followed.

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Chapter 3

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CHAPTER 3

Research Methodology

This chapter covered the research methodology, including the research design,

sampling and population, instrument used in the research, establishing rigor before,

during and after data collection, and ethical considerations.

Research Design

In this present study, action research is employed by the researchers.Action

research is either research initiated to solve an immediate problem or a reflective process

of progressive problem solving led by individuals working with others in teams or as part

of a community of practice to improve the way they address issues and solve problems.

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_research, n.d.)

Population and Sample

In this study, the total population consists of 515 Upper B.E.D. students of

SLMCS. The Upper B.E.D. students comprised the following: 136 Grade 7, 146 Grade 8,

123 Grade 9, and 110 Grade 10 students. Upon the selection of students, the researchers

applied stratified random sampling method that resulted to have 16 Grade 7, 17 Grade 8,

14 Grade 9, and 13 Grade 10 with the total of 60 students as the respondents of this

research. Therefore, these 60 students were chosen to be the respondents.

Research Instrument

Data was collected by means of questionnaire. The questionnaire was the main

research instrument in this study. The role of the questionnaire was to elicit information.
The questionnaire consists of five questions. The rationale for choosing this method were

to obtain different perspectives of the studentsabout the Spiral Progression Approach, to

determine the effect of Spiraling Approach, to identify the difficulties encountered by the

students about Spiraling Approach in teaching Mathematics, and to propose interventions

that would enhance the mathematical performance level of the students.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers introduced themselves to the respondents to establish rapport

before distributing the questionnaires. The students were informed about the purpose of

the study.

The researchers were the facilitators during the distribution of questionnaires. The

respondents which are the 60 Upper B.E.D. students were asked to answer the following

question included in the questionnaire by means of checklist.

After collecting data through questionnaires, researchers reviewed and tallied the

results in each question which was stated in the questionnaires as shown to the table at

the next chapter.

Ethical Issues

The following ethical aspects were adhered to by the researchers in this study:

permission and approval were obtained from the principal of Basic Education

Department of SLMCS; the respondents were not exposed to any risk of unusual stress,

embarrassment or loss of self-esteem, the researchers ensured that the respondents would

remain anonymous for their privacy and confidentiality; and the researchers conducted in
accordance with ethical requirement to report the finding in comprehensive and honest

way.