AP Calculus BC Summer Packet

Welcome to Calculus BC! I’m excited to meet you and get started. Calculus is a great subject,
and in BC you’ll start to see its applications. At Taylor University, I majored in chemistry and
minored in math; while taking plenty of calculus, I also saw it used in my chem and physics
courses. Calculus is my favorite math class because it explores such a wide variety of concepts
and applications. I hope you enjoy it, too, and find math more intriguing as a result of taking
Calc BC.

What will it take to succeed?

 A memorized unit circle (know how to find sin, cos, tan, csc, sec, and cot of any angle)
 Amazing algebra and trig skills
 A thorough understanding of the concepts and skills covered in the first two chapters of
Calculus

To make sure you’re ready, you’ll need to practice a few things over the summer.

Complete the first page of the packet soon so you know what needs to be memorized.
Complete the remaining pages late in July so that your skills are fresh at the start of next year.
(If you worry that you’ll forget, complete the rest of the packet now and then print a second
copy to complete right before school starts.) Your completed packet is due on the first day of
school. Also review the material which needs to be memorized.

We’ll spend the first day or two of next year addressing any lingering questions from the review
packet and clarifying any misconceptions from the first two chapters, and then we will tackle
the rest of calculus.

If you have any problems accessing or completing the assignment, email me. Don’t wait until
the last minute to work on this assignment!

I look forward to working through Calc BC with you next school year. Enjoy your summer!

Mrs. Mendenhall
[email protected]
AP Calculus BC Summer Homework Name: ____________________________________

Complete each question, including work or explanations as directed. Except when specified, do NOT use your calculator.

Precalculus – do now
1. Sketch the graph of each common function below, using your calculator as needed. If not in your memory now, they
should be when school starts.
y = sin x y = csc x y = √𝑥

y = cos x y = sec x y = |x|

y = ex (or 2x or ax) y = ln x |𝑥|

y=
𝑥

y = x3 y = 1/x y = √32 − 𝑥 2 (or y = √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 )

2. Fill in the angles (in radians) and points on the unit circle, available separately. These should be also memorized by
the first day of school.

Calculus – do now
Derivative Summary
3. Do you know these derivatives? You really should! (especially by the first day)

𝑑
[sin 𝑥] =
𝑑
[sec 𝑥] = 𝑑
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [ln 𝑢] =
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
[cos 𝑥] = [csc 𝑥] = 𝑑
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
[log𝑎 𝑢] =
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
[tan 𝑥] = [cot 𝑥] =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑 𝑢
[𝑎 ] =
𝑑 𝑑𝑥
[𝑒 𝑢 ] =
𝑑𝑥
Calculus, Chapter 1 – do later
Limits – Graphically (1.2 & 1.4)
4. For which of the following does lim f ( x) exist? Explain why or why not.
x 3

I) II) III)

I)

II)

III)

5. Use the graph of y  g  x  to find the following values.

a) lim g  x   e) lim g  x  
x 1 x 2

b) lim g  x   f) lim g  x  
x 2 x 1

c) lim g  x   g) lim g  x  
x 2 x 4

d) g  2   h) lim g  x  
x 1

6. Draw the graph of a function for which lim 𝑓(𝑥) does not exist.
𝑥→1
 Limits – Numerically from Tables (1.2)
7. The table below gives the values of three functions, f , g , and h near x  0. Based on the values given, for which
of the functions does it appear that the limit as x approaches zero is 3 ? List all that apply.

x -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3

f(x) 3 3 3 3 2 2 2
g(x) 2.971 2.987 2.997 undefined 2.997 2.987 2.971
h(x) 3.018 3.008 3.002 3 3.002 3.008 3.018

Limits – Analytically from Expressions (1.3)

x a
2 2
8. If a  0, then what is lim ? Show your work.
xa x 4  a 4

1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 0 (E) nonexistent
a2 2a 2
6a 2

ln x 4 for 0  x  2
9. If f  x    then find lim f  x  . Show your work.
 x ln 2
2
for 2  x  4, x2

(A) ln 2 (B) ln 8 (C) ln16 (D) 4 (E) nonexistent

5 x 5  12 x 3
lim 5
10. What is x 0 3 x  6 x ? Show your work.
3

17 5
(A)  (B) 0 (C) (D) 2 (E) nonexistent
3 3

1 1

lim k  3 3
11. Evaluate k 0 k . Show your work.

t  3 1
lim
12. Evaluate the limit. t 4 t 4 Show your work.
 Continuity (1.4)
13. What makes a function, f, continuous at x = a ?

14. The graph of the function f is shown below. Identify whether each statement about f is true or false. Explain.

(A) f is continuous at x  1. True or false?

(B) x  1 is in the domain of f . True or false?

(C) lim f ( x) is equal to lim f ( x). True or false?

x 1 x 1

(D) lim f ( x ) exists. True or false?

x 1

15. Which of the following functions is/are continuous for all real numbers x ? Sketch each or explain.

I. y  ln x
II. y  3x
III. y  cos x

(A) None (B) I only (C) II only (D) I and II (E) II and III

16. Determine the values of b and c such that the function is continuous on the entire real line. Show your work.

 x  1, 1 x  3
h( x )   2
 x  bx  c, x  1, x  3
 Intermediate Value Theorem (1.4)
17. What does IVT state?

18. Suppose that f is a continuous function defined for all real numbers x and f  4   3 and f  1  4. If
f  x   0 for one and only one value of x , then which of the following could be x ? Explain your answer.
Sketching the graph may be helpful.

(A) 7 (B) 3 (C) 0 (D) 1 (E) 4

2
19. Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that M ( x)  4 x 3  10 has a zero in the interval  8, 1 .

Asymptotes and Limits at Infinity (1.5-1.6)

20. How do you find a vertical asymptote? (1.5)

21. How do you find a horizontal asymptote? (1.6)

22. The line 𝑦 = 5 is a horizontal asymptote to the graph of a function. Which function? Show work or explain your
answer.

sin(5𝑥) 1 5𝑥 20𝑥2 −𝑥
(A) 𝑦 = 𝑥
(B) 𝑦 = 5𝑥 (C) 𝑦 = 𝑥−5 (D) 𝑦 = 1−𝑥 (E) 𝑦 = 1+4𝑥2

23. The vertical line x = 2 is an asymptote for the graph of the function f. Which of the following statements must be
false? Explain and/or sketch a graph.

(A) lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 0 (B) lim 𝑓(𝑥) = −∞ (C) lim 𝑓(𝑥) = ∞

𝑥→2 𝑥→2 𝑥→2
(D) lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 (E) lim 𝑓(𝑥) = ∞
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞

√9𝑥 4 +1
24. Find lim . Show work or explain.
𝑥→∞ 4𝑥 2 +3

(A) 1/3 (B) 3/4 (C) 3/2 (D) 9/4 (E) infinite
Calculus, Chapter 2 – do later
Power Rule, Differentiability, and Tangent Lines (2.1 & 2.2)
25. In general, how can you find the average rate of change of f on [a, b] ?

26. In general, how can you find the instantaneous rate of change of f at x = a ?

27. What two things do you need to find in order to write the equation of a tangent line?

28. What makes a function, f, differentiable at x = a ?

29. Given f ( x)   x  1
2
3
and its graph at right, describe the x-value(s) at which f is
differentiable. Explain your answer.

 x2  4
 if x  2
30. Let f be the function f ( x)   x  2 . Is each statement about f true or false? Explain and/or show
1 if x  2

work.

I. f has a limit at x  2. T/F?

II. f is continuous at x  2. T/F?

III. f is differentiable at x  2. T/F?

31. Let f be the function defined by f ( x)  4 x 3  5 x  3. Which of the following is an equation of the line tangent to
the graph of f at the point where x  1? Show work.

(A) y  7 x  3 (B) y  7 x  7 (C) y  7 x  11 (D) y  5 x  1 (E) y  5 x  5

32. If the line tangent to the graph of the function f at the point (1, 7) passes through the point (-2, -2), then what is
f (1) ?

(A)  5 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 7 (E) undefined

33. The function 𝑃(𝑡) models the population of the world, in billions of people, where 𝑡 is the number of years since
January 1, 2010. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the statement 𝑃′ (1) = 0.076?

(A) On February 1, 2010, the population of the world was increasing at a rate of 0.076 billion people per year.
(B) On January 1, 2011, the population of the world was increasing at a rate of 0.076 billion people per year.
(C) On January 1, 2011, the population of the world was 0.076 billion people.
(D) From January 1, 2010 to January 1, 2011, the population of the world was increasing at an average rate of 0.076
billion people per year.
(E) When the population of the world was 1 billion people, the population of the world was increasing at a rate of
0.076 billion people per year.

Product Rule, Quotient Rule, and Trig (2.3)

2𝑥+3 𝑑𝑦
34. If 𝑦 = 3𝑥+2
, find 𝑑𝑥
. Show work.

12 x  13 12 x  13 5 5 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
3x  2 2
3x  2 2
3x  2 2
3x  22
3

x2  2
35. What is the instantaneous rate of change at x  2 of the function f if f  x   ? Show work.
x 1

1 1
(A) 2 (B) (C) (D) 2 (E) 6
6 2

36. Given that 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3 sec2 𝑥 + 2, which of the following could be 𝑓(𝑥)?

(A) 3 tan x (B) 3tan x  2 x (C) 3sec x  2 x (D) sec3 x  2 x (E) 6sec2 x tan x

1
37. Let f  x  be a differentiable function. Let g  x   . Use the table below to find the value of g   2  . Show
f  x
work.
x 1 2 3 4
f  x 3 8 9 0
f  x 5 4 3 16

1 1 1
(A)  (B) 0 (C) (D) (E) 16
8 16 64
38. Let f be a differentiable function with f (2)  3 and f (2)  5, and let g be the function defined by
g ( x)  x f ( x). What is the equation of the line tangent to the graph of g at the point where x  2? Show work.

Chain Rule and Combinations of Rules (2.4)


39. If y  x  1 , then
3

2 dy
dx


(A) 3x 
2 2

(B) 2 x 3  1  
(C) 2 3x 2  1   
(D) 3 x 2 x 3  1  
(E) 6 x 2 x 3  1

40. Use the following table to find h (1), given that h( x)  f g ( x)  . Show work.

x f  x f  x g  x g  x 
1 6 5 3 2
1 3 3 1 2
3 1 2 2 3

dy
41. If y  x 2 sin  2 x  , then  ? Show work.
dx
(A) 2 x cos 2 x (B) 4 x cos 2 x (C) 2 x(sin 2 x  cos 2 x)
(D) 2 x(sin 2 x  x cos 2 x) (E) 2 x(sin 2 x  x cos 2 x)

f  x   4sin x  2, f   0 
42. If then ? Show work.

2
(A) 2 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) (E) 1
2

𝜋
43. What is the average rate of change of 𝑦 = cos(2𝑥) on the interval [0, 2 ]? Show work.

4 2 4
(A)  (B) 1 (C) 0 (D) (E)
 2 
 Implicit Differentiation (2.5)
44. What is the slope of the tangent line to the curve 3 y 2  2 x 2  6  2 xy at the point 3, 2? Show work.

4 7 6 5
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) (E)
9 9 7 3

45. If x  xy  10, then when x  2,

2 dy
 what? Show work.
dx

7 2 3 7
(A)  (B) 2 (C) (D) (E)
2 7 2 2

Derivatives of eu and ln u (2.6)

46. What do you know about the slope of each?
a. parallel lines b. horizontal lines c. vertical lines

47. Let 𝑔 be the function given by 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥2 𝑒 𝑘𝑥 , where 𝑘 is a constant. For what value of 𝑘 does 𝑔 have a horizontal
2
tangent line at 𝑥 = ? Show work.
3

3 1
(A) 3 (B)  (C)  (D) 0 (E) There is no such 𝑘.
2 3

Motion (ch. 2)
48. A particle moves along the x-axis so that at time t  0 its position is given by x(t )  2 t 3  21t 2  72 t  53. At what
time(s) t is the particle at rest? Show work.

 t2 
49. A particle moves along the x-axis so that its velocity at time t is given by v(t )  (t  2) sin   . You may use a
3
graphing calculator.
a) Find the acceleration of the particle at time t  5 . Show work or concept.

b) Find all times t in the open interval 0  t  4 when the particle changes direction. Justify your answer.