Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS Oql . \3 DPwhw

•Ii-E[E OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY

Bonifacio Drive, Port Area Manila
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JAM 30 20Z4

DEPARTMENT ORDER SUBJECT: Revised DPWH Standard

Specification for Item 522 -
PROTECTIO N SYSTE MS FO R
NO.
UNSTABLE SLOPE
Series of 2024
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In line with the continuing efforts of the Department to update existing guidelines and
standard specifications, the attached revised DPWH Standard Specification for Item 522
-Active and Passive Protection Systems for Unstable Slope, renamed as Item 522 -
Protection Systems for Unstable Slope, is hereby prescribed for adoption in Government
infrastructure projects.

The revised Pay Item Subscripts are now included in the Project and Contract Management
Application (PCMA) and shall form part of the DPWH Standard Specifications for Highways,
Bridges and Airports, Volume 11.

This Order supersedes the following issuances and shall take effect immediately:

1. Department Order No. 32, Series of 2019, /ten i?2 -Act/.Lie a„c/Pass/.ve Protect/.on S;/stems
for Unstab/e S/ope (Amendments to Item 522 - DPWH Generic Specification for Rockfal/
Protection System and Item 522A - DPWH Standard Specification for Protection Systems
for Unstable Slope)

2. Dapartherit other No. 2:2, 2Jff2:2, Se!r;lee Of 2fJ22, Amendment to Department Order No. 32,
Series of 2019, re: Item 522 -Active and Passive Systems for Unstab/e Slope

g NOAN
14.1.2 MLL/JDV/RPF

Department of Publlc Works and Hlghways

Offlce of the Secretary

1111111111111111111111111111111111111

WIN4U01934

© Website: https://www.dpwh.gov.ph
QSTel. No(s).: 5304-3000 / (02) 165-02
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 – PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE

522.1 Description

This Item shall consist of furnishing and installing active and passive protection systems on
an unstable slope in accordance with this Specification and as shown on the Plans.

522.2 Material Requirements

522.2.1 Active System

522.2.1.1 Non-mesh System

The components of active non-mesh system shall conform to Table 522.1.

Table 522.1 Non-Mesh System Components

Components Property Requirement Specification Test Method

Thickness, Min. 6 mm ASTM A6M -

Yield Strength,
245 MPa
Min. ASTM A36M /
ASTM A370M
JIS G 3101
Tensile Strength 400-550 MPa

Bending EAD 230025-

>Factory
Steel Plate Moment - 00-0106,
Production Control
Resistance Annex A

Zinc (Hot-dip
galvanized)
ASTM A123M / ASTM A90M/
Coating Weight of Coating, JIS H 8641 ISO 1461
Min.:
530 g/m2

Diameter, Min. 8 mm
Shall be based on ASTM A1023M
the minimum ASTM A931
/ JIS G 3525
Breaking Force requirement per
rope designation

Wire Rope
Zinc-alloy coating

Coating Shall be based on ASTM A603 / ASTM A90M/

the minimum JIS G 3525 ISO 1461
requirement per
size of wire (single
wire)
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 2 of 15

Components Property Requirement Specification Test Method

Accelerated
weathering (salt
spray) test:
ASTM B368/
Corrosion
- ASTM B117/
resistance 95% of breaking
JIS Z 2371
force shall be
retained after
1,000 h
For Hot-Dip Galvanized:

Weight of Coating,
ASTM A123M / ASTM A90M/
Min.:
JIS G 3112 ISO 1461
550 g/m2
Coating
For Epoxy-coated:

Coating Thickness:
ASTM A934M ASTM A934M
175 µm to 300 µm
A. Self-drilling type
Soil Nail
Diameter, Min. 28 mm - -

Yield strength, ASTM A615M /

345 MPa ASTM A370M
Min. JIS G 3112
B. Insert-after-drilling type

Diameter, Min. 19 mm - -

Yield strength, ASTM A615M /

345 MPa ASTM A370M
Min. JIS G 3112

Compressive ASTM C109M/

Grout 25 MPa in 7 days -
Strength, Min. AASHTO T 106
Note:
AASHTO T 106M - Standard Method of Test for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Using 50-mm
or 2-in. Cube Specimens
ASTM A1023M - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Wire Ropes for General Purposes
ASTM A123M - Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
ASTM A36M - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
ASTM A370M - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A6M - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and
Sheet Piling
ASTM A603 - Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated Steel Structural Wire Rope
ASTM A615M - Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A90M - Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Iron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy
Coatings
ASTM A931 - Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Wire Ropes and Strand
ASTM A934M - Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Prefabricated Steel Reinforcing Bars
ASTM B117 - Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
ASTM B368 - Standard Test Method for Copper-Accelerated Acetic Acid-Salt Spray (Fog) Testing (CASS Test)
ASTM C109M - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50
mm] Cube Specimens)
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 3 of 15

EAD 230025-00-0106 - Flexible facing systems for slope stabilization and rock protection
ISO 1461 - Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles. Specifications and test methods
JIS G 3101 - Rolled Steels for General Reinforcement
JIS G 3112 - Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
JIS G 3525 - Wire Ropes
JIS H 8641 - Hot-dip Galvanized Coatings
JIS Z 2371 - Methods of Salt Spray Testing

522.2.1.2 Mesh System

The main components of active mesh systems shall conform to Table 522.2. Additional
components or accessories can be allowed as per manufacturer's recommendations and for
approval by the Engineer.

Table 522.2 Mesh System Components

Component Property Requirement Specification Test Method

Mesh See Table 522.3

Thickness, Min. 7 mm ASTM A6M -

Yield Strength,
245 MPa
Min. ASTM A36M /
ASTM A370M
JIS G 3101
Tensile Strength 400-550 MPa

Steel Plate Bending Moment >Factory - EAD 230025-

Resistance: Production 00-0106,
Control Annex A
Zinc (Hot-dip
galvanized) ASTM A123M /
ASTM A90M/
Coating Weight of ISO 1461 /
ISO 1461
Coating, Min.: JIS H 8641
530 g/m2
Diameter, Min. 6 mm
Shall be based ASTM A1023M /
on the minimum ASTM A931
Breaking Force JIS G 3525
requirement per
rope designation

Wire Rope Zinc-alloy

coating

Shall be based ASTM A603 / ASTM A90M/

Coating on the minimum JIS G 3525 ISO 1461
requirement per
size of wire
(single wire)
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 4 of 15

Component Property Requirement Specification Test Method

Corrosion Accelerated - ASTM B368/
resistance weathering ASTM B117/
(salt spray) test: JIS Z 2371
95% of breaking
force shall be
retained after
1,000 h

Diameter, Min. 20 mm - ASTM A615M

Yield strength, ASTM A615M /
345 MPa ASTM A370M
Min. JIS G 3112
Coating For Hot-Dip Galvanized:
Weight of ASTM A123M /
Soil Nail ASTM A90M/
Coating, Min.: ISO 1461 /
ISO 1461
550 g/m2 JIS G 3112
For Epoxy-coated:
Thickness:
175 µm to 300 ASTM A934M ASTM A934M
µm
Compressive 25 MPa in 7 ASTM C109M /
Grout -
Strength, Min. days AASHTO T 106
Notes:
AASHTO T 106M - Standard Method of Test for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Using 50-mm
or 2-in. Cube Specimens
ASTM A1023M - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Wire Ropes for General Purposes
ASTM A123M - Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
ASTM A36M - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
ASTM A370M - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A6M - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and
Sheet Piling
ASTM A603 - Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated Steel Structural Wire Rope
ASTM A615M - Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A90M - Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Iron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy
Coatings
ASTM A931 - Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Wire Ropes and Strand
ASTM A934M - Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Prefabricated Steel Reinforcing Bars
ASTM B117 - Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
ASTM B368 - Standard Test Method for Copper-Accelerated Acetic Acid-Salt Spray (Fog) Testing (CASS Test)
ASTM C109M - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50
mm] Cube Specimens)
EAD 230025-00-0106 - Flexible facing systems for slope stabilization and rock protection
ISO 1461 - Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles. Specifications and test methods
JIS G 3101 - Rolled Steels for General Reinforcement
JIS G 3112 - Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
JIS G 3525 - Wire Ropes
JIS H 8641 - Hot-dip Galvanized Coatings
JIS Z 2371 - Methods of Salt Spray Testing
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 5 of 15

Table 522.3 Wire Mesh Requirements

Property Requirement Specification Test Method
Diameter

A. Wire, Min. 2 mm ASTM A854M -

B. High Tensile, 2 mm ASTM A854M -

Min.

C. Wire Rope, 6 mm ASTM A1023M ASTM A931

Min.
Weight of Coating
A. Wire, Min. 128 g/m2 ASTM A856M / ASTM A90M/
ASTM A641M / ISO 1461
JIS G 3552
B. High Tensile, 244 g/m2 ASTM A854M
Min.
C. Wire Rope, Shall be based on ASTM A603
Min. the minimum
requirement per size
of wire (single wire)
Accelerated -
Weathering (Salt
Spray Test):

For wire mesh, 95%

of tensile strength ASTM B368/
Corrosion Resistance
shall be retained ASTM B117 /
after 1000 h JIS Z 2371

For wire rope, 95%

of breaking force
shall be retained
after 1,000 h
Wire Tensile
Strength:
A. Wire, Min. 290 MPa ASTM A641M / ASTM A370M
ASTM A856M /
JIS G 3547
B. High Tensile 970 MPa ASTM A854
Wire, Min.
C. Wire Rope, Shall be based on ASTM A1023M / ASTM A931
Min. Breaking the minimum JIS G 3525
Force requirement per
rope designation
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 6 of 15

Property Requirement Specification Test Method

Mesh Tensile
Strength:
A. Wire Mesh, 90 KN/m - EAD 230008-00-
Min. 0106 /
B. High Tensile 150 KN/m - EAD 230025-00-
Wire Mesh, 0106
Min
C. Wire Rope 150 KN/m -
Mesh, Min.
Notes:
ASTM A1023M - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Wire Ropes for General Purposes
ASTM A370M - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A603 - Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated Steel Structural Wire Rope
ASTM A641M - Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Carbon Steel Wire
ASTM A854M - Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated Steel Smooth High-Tensile Fence and Trellis Wire
ASTM A856M - Standard Specification for Zinc-5 % Aluminum-Mischmetal Alloy-Coated Carbon Steel Wire
ASTM A90M - Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Iron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy
Coatings
ASTM A931 - Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Wire Ropes and Strand
ASTM B117 - Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
ASTM B368 - Standard Test Method for Copper-Accelerated Acetic Acid-Salt Spray (Fog) Testing (CASS Test)
EAD 230025-00-0106 - Flexible Facing Systems for Slope Stabilization and Rock Protection
EAD 230008-00-0106 - Double Twisted Steel Wire Mesh Reinforced or Note with Ropes
ISO 1461 - Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles. Specifications and test methods
JIS G 3525 - Wire Ropes
JIS G 3547 – Zinc-Coated Low Carbon Steel Wires
JIS G 3552 - Chain Link Wire Netting
JIS Z 2371 - Methods of Salt Spray Testing

522.2.1.3 Anchorage (for border wire rope)

Anchorage for the border wire rope shall conform to the requirements of Item 513 –
Permanent Ground Anchor or soil nail specified in Table 522.2, Mesh System Components,
whichever is applicable.

If soil nail is used, rope grip of the border wire rope shall be fixed with steel plate, wherein
connection details shall be provided on the Plans. Steel plate shall have rope guide unless the
rope grip is installed underneath the steel plate.

522.2.1.4 Miscellaneous Materials

All miscellaneous materials such as screw bolts, nuts and washer (if applicable), clips/shackles,
earth claw, turnbuckles, ropes/cables grips, and rope guide shall be hot-dipped galvanized per
AASHTO M 111 (ASTM A123M), Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings
on Iron and Steel Products or equivalent.

Centralizers shall be fabricated from any type of material, except wood, and shall be approved
by the Engineer.
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 7 of 15

522.2.2 Passive System

522.2.2.1 Simple Drapery

Wire mesh components of simple drapery passive system shall conform to Table 522.3 Wire
Mesh Requirements. Top and bottom anchors shall conform to the applicable requirements of
Subsection 522.2.1.3, Anchor Bolt (for border wire rope). Other components shall conform to
the applicable requirements Subsection 522.2.1.4, Miscellaneous Materials.

522.2.2.2 Hybrid Drapery (Curtain Net)

Excavation for the foundation shall conform to the applicable requirements of Item 102,
Excavation. The foundation of the posts shall be Class A concrete and shall conform to the
applicable requirements of Item 405, Structural Concrete. The main components of hybrid
drapery (curtain net) passive system shall conform to Table 522.4. Anchorage for the wire
ropes shall conform to the applicable requirements of Subsection 522.2.1.3, Anchor Bolt (for
border wire rope).

Table 522.4 Passive System, Hybrid Drapery (Curtain Net) Components

Component Property Requirement Specification Test Method

Diameter, Min. 2 mm
ASTM A392 /
Mesh Size Shall be based on the JIS G 3552
ASTM A392
(Hole), Min. wire diameter
Tensile
Strength, Min.:

a. Wire 290 MPa ASTM A392 /

JIS G 3547 ASTM A370
b. High Tensile 970 MPa ASTM A854
Wire

Weight of
Wire Mesh Coating, Min.:

a. Wire 147 g/m2 ASTM A817 /

a. JIS G 3552 ASTM A90M /
b. High Tensile 244 g/m 2
ASTM A854 ISO 1461
Wire

Corrosion Accelerated -
Resistance weathering
(salt spray test): ASTM B368/
ASTM B117/
95% of tensile JIS Z 2371
strength shall be
retained after 1000 h
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 8 of 15

Component Property Requirement Specification Test Method

ASTM A1023M
Diameter, Min. 8 mm ASTM A931
/ JIS G 3525
Shall be based on the
ASTM A603 /
Weight of minimum requirement ASTM A90M /
JIS G 3525
Coating, Min. per size of wire ISO 1461
(single wire)
ASTM A1023M
Shall be based on the
Breaking / JIS G 3525
Wire rope minimum requirement ASTM A931
Force, Min.
per rope designation

Accelerated
weathering (salt
spray test): ASTM B368 /
Corrosion
ASTM B117 /
Resistance
95% of breaking JIS Z 2371
force shall be
retained after 1,000 h
Steel Post, - -
Dimension As per Plan
Base Plate
and Concrete Tensile
Anchors (for 400 - 550 MPa
Strength
Anchor Plates
and Post Yield point,
Base Plates, Min.
and for
Horizontal a. Steel Post
& Base 245 MPa ASTM A36M /
Ropes and ASTM A370M
Post Side Plate JIS G 3101
Stay Ropes) b. Concrete
Anchors 235 MPa
and Anchor
Plate
Elongation in
200 mm, Min. 20%

Weight of Shall be based on ASTM A123M / ASTM A90M/

Coating, g/m2 thickness JIS H 8641 ISO 1461
Notes:
ASTM A1023M - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Wire Ropes for General Purposes
ASTM A123M - Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
ASTM A36M - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel ASTM A370M, Standard Test Methods and
Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A370 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A392 - Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence Fabric
ASTM A603 - Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated Steel Structural Wire Rope
ASMT A817 - Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence Fabric
ASTM A854 - Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated Steel Smooth High-Tensile Fence and Trellis Wire
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 9 of 15

ASTM A90M - Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Iron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy
Coatings
ASTM A931 - Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Wire Ropes and Strand
ASTM B117 - Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
ASTM B368 - Standard Test Method for Copper-Accelerated Acetic Acid-Salt Spray (Fog) Testing (CASS Test)
ISO 1461 - Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles. Specifications and test methods
JIS G 3101 - Rolled Steels for General Reinforcement
JIS G 3525 - Wire Ropes
JIS G 3547 – Zinc-Coated Low Carbon Steel Wires
JIS G 3552 - Chain Link Wire Netting
JIS H 8641 - Hot-dip Galvanized Coatings
JIS Z 2371 - Methods of Salt Spray Testing

Coupling coils, bolts, nuts and washers and other miscellaneous materials shall conform to the
applicable requirements of Subsection 522.2.1.4, Miscellaneous Materials.

522.2.2.3 Catch Fences

The catch fence system shall comply with the requirements for Category 'A' - Falling Rock
Protection Kits under Guideline for European Technical Approval (ETAG 027) by the European
Organisation for Technical Approvals (EOTA) or similar guidelines. Certificate from a
recognized and independent authority attesting to the impact energy absorbing capacity of
the flexible catch fence system under ETAG 027 or similar guidelines shall be submitted to the
Engineer for approval.

Catch fence system with similar components to hybrid drapery (curtain net) shall have the
same requirements as specified in Table 522.4.

The catch fence system for debris flow shall be designed based on information of the physical
characteristics of the debris material, the nature of the debris flow event and the site
geometry. These fences are normally constructed in-channel, perpendicular to the flow
direction. A simple gully net is often sufficient for narrow spans e.g., less than 15 m, whereas
a post and net system is required for wide channels applications.

A standardized stress model for design of torrential barriers under impact by debris flow under
ONR 24801, Protection Works for Torrent Control - Static and Dynamic Actions on Structures
or equivalent, is already in place for the application for this type of catch fences.

Table 522.5 Catch Fence Energy Levels

Values shall comply with ETAG 027 or similar
Energy (kJ) guidelines supported by design analysis and
shall be verified during implementation.
Intercepting Panel Type As per design specifications
Post Type As per design specifications
Post Height & Distances As per design calculation
Posts/support structures, base plates,
intercepting panels (mesh, rope/cable net or
ring net, etc), support wire ropes (upper,
Components lower, lateral & junction bracing cables,
etc.), energy-dissipating device, shackles,
wire rope grips, wire rope anchors, bar
anchors and turnbuckles
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 10 of 15

522.3 Construction Requirements

522.3.1 Active System

The construction methodology for active protection systems for unstable slope (mesh / non-
mesh) shall follow the sequence below:

1. Temporary Works
a. Preparation Work
b. Hole Position Pinning
c. Scaffolding
2. Soil Nail Works
a. Drilling
b. Hole Cleaning
c. Bolt Installation and grout injection
d. Pull-out test of Soil Nail
3. Superstructure Works
a. Mesh laying, if applicable
b. Base Plate Installation
c. Soil Nail Networking Works, if applicable

The location, inclination, and alignment of the drilled hole shall be as shown on the plans.
Inclination and alignment shall be within ± 3 degrees of the planned angle at the steel plate,
and within ± 30cm of the planned location at the ground surface (point of entry).

For insert-after-drilling type of soil nail, grout shall be provided through pressurized mortar
injection to allow the grout to flow throughout the length of the soil nail. A minimum of two
(2) centralizers that do not impede the flow of grout up to the drilled hole shall be provided
to hold the bolt in place while grout is being poured and to ensure sufficient minimum
thickness of 13 mm of grout. It shall be located at 3 m maximum center-to-center spacing
with the upper one located a maximum of 1.5 m from the top of the soil nail bond length and
the lower one located 0.30 m from the bottom of the soil nail bond length.

Pull-out test shall be carried out at least 72 h after grouting or at least the specified 7 days
strength (>25 MPa) is attained. Two (2) types of soil nail pull-out test shall be performed; (1)
Conformity Pull-out test which is performed for trial soil nails prior to actual soil nails
installation for the verification of peripheral surface friction resistance, and (2) Proof Pull-out
test which is performed for selected set of installed soil nails for the verification of their
anchoring strength to meet the required performance.

The Contractor shall install preliminary soil nails and carry out conformity (verification) pull-
out test at locations selected by the Engineer. The number of soil nails to be tested shall be
three (3). Test conditions shall meet the requirements specified in Subsection 522.3.4.1,
Conformity Pull-out Test.

If at least one (1) out of three (3) preliminary soil nails failed the conformity pull-out test and
the cause of failure is a result of poor construction methodology (i.e., non-uniformity or
inadequacy of grout of the pulled soil nail) as per the Engineer’s evaluation, three (3)
additional soil nails per failed soil nail shall be installed and also undergo conformity pull-out
test. Replacement of three (3) additional soil nails per failed soil nail shall continue until all
additional installed soil nails pass the conformity pull-out test. Otherwise, if the failure
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 11 of 15

occurred with no error in the construction methodology as per Engineer’s evaluation, the
design of the system shall be re-evaluated.

The installation of the succeeding soil nails shall not commence until the conformity pull-out
test is satisfied.

After the installation of the soil nails, the proof pull-out test shall be conducted to three percent
(3%) or a minimum of three (3) installed soil nails, whichever is higher, arbitrarily selected by
the Engineer. If at least one (1) of three (3) selected soil nail failed the proof pull out test, all
installed soil nails shall be subjected to proof pull-out test. All soil nails that failed the test
shall be reinstalled within the same location and retested until it passed the proof pull-out
test. Test conditions shall meet the requirements specified in Subsection 522.3.4.2, Proof Pull-
out Test.

If the conduct of the pull-out tests resulted satisfactory performance, the mesh panels shall
then be installed. The rolls of the mesh panel shall be positioned and fixed by the steel plate
as per Plans. Steel plates shall be securely in contact with the slope surface. On the slope
face, the side of mesh panels shall be securely and continuously joined together using
connection clips or shackles with minimum overlap of 0.3 m.

Anchorage (for boundary wire ropes) shall be installed in accordance to Section 513.4,
Construction Requirements. Permanent ground anchors, if used, shall be tested in accordance
to Subsection 513.4.3.2, Performance Test, and Subsection 513.4.3.3, Proof Test of Item 513,
Permanent Ground Anchors.

In case where the wire rope passes through the steel plate, the steel plate shall preferably
have a rope guide. Otherwise, the wire rope shall be positioned underneath the steel plate.

Nuts of the soil nail shall be spot welded to the soil nail to which weld details shall be shown
in the Plans.

After the installation, all galvanized steel components such as but not limited to clips, shackles,
wire rope grips, bolts and nuts, as well as repairs to galvanization coating for other steel parts
shall be treated with zinc-rich cold-galvanizing paint.

522.3.2 Passive System

522.3.2.1 Simple Drapery

For simple drapery (passive), a minimum anchorage shall be installed on top and/or bottom
of the slope. The distribution of the top and/or bottom anchorage shall be calculated based
on the maximum load that may occur at each anchorage, bearing in mind the breaking strain
of the drapery mesh panel. It shall be better to link the individual anchor bolt with a steel rope
(crest and bottom cable), where the mesh is securely connected. Close the ends of drapery
at the toe of the slope with anchorage and bottom cable to contain loose material. The bottom
fixing shall allow for periodic removal of accumulated debris after which the mesh panel must
be anchored again. On the slope face, the mesh panel shall be securely and continuously
joined together using clips or shackles, with the provision of additional pins against the wind.
Depending on the slope face condition, additional anchorage shall be installed. The rolls of
drapery shall be rolled into position as per Plans. New rolls shall be placed in the same direction
 Revised DPWH Standard Specification for
ITEM 522 - PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR UNSTABLE SLOPE
Page 12 of 15

directly overlapping the adjacent roll such that the selvedge of both rolls can joined together
using clips or shackles as shown in the Plans.

If the permanent ground anchors (for boundary wire ropes) are used, it shall be installed in
accordance to Section 513.4, Construction Requirements and shall be tested in accordance to
Subsection 513.4.3.2, Performance Test, and Subsection 513.4.3.3, Proof Test of Item 513,
Permanent Ground Anchors.

After the installation, all galvanized steel components such as but not limited to clips, shackles,
wire rope grips, bolts and nuts, as well as repairs to galvanization coating for other steel parts
shall be treated with zinc-rich cold-galvanizing paint.

522.3.2.2 Hybrid Drapery (Curtain Net)

The construction methodology for hybrid drapery (curtain net) passive protection systems for
unstable slope shall follow the sequence in accordance with the Road Slope Protection Manual
2019 as stated below:

1. Install post anchor for base plate, suspension rope and top horizontal rope.
2. Install posts, suspension ropes and post side stay ropes.
3. Install the top horizontal rope.
4. Install wire netting.
5. Install hanger bracket.
6. Install vertical and horizontal reinforcement ropes.

For hybrid drapery (curtain net), posts shall be installed as per construction drawings. Prior to
installation, the Contractor shall place simulation posts that are of the same height as the
actual ones and mark the anchorage points for wire ropes on site for the Engineer’s
verification. The post position and the anchorage points for wire ropes shall not be adjusted
without the Engineer’s approval.

After the installation, all galvanized steel components such as but not limited to clips, shackles,
wire rope grips, bolts and nuts, as well as repairs to galvanization coating for other steel parts
shall be treated with zinc-rich cold-galvanizing paint.

522.3.2.3 Catch Fences

Detailed drawings for construction of the catch fence system shall be submitted to the
Engineer for approval before commencement of the construction.

In-situ boulder stabilization/splitting works along the proposed alignment of the catch fence
system should be completed prior to the construction of the catch fence.

The Contractor shall provide and install the catch fence systems at locations indicated in the
Plans. Prior to installation, the Contractor shall mark the alignment of the fence and the
positions of the steel posts and the anchorage points for wire ropes on site for the Engineer's
verification. The fence location and the anchorage points for wire ropes shall not be adjusted
without the Engineer's approval.
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After the installation, all galvanized steel components such as but not limited to clips, shackles,
wire rope grips, bolts and nuts, as well as repairs to galvanization coating for other steel parts
shall be treated with zinc-rich cold-galvanizing paint.

522.3.3 Submittals

For systems with soil nailing works, the Contractor shall keep records for each soil nail installed
for each day of operation for approval of the Engineer prior to the next soil nail installation.
The record for each soil nail shall include but not limited to:

1. Key plan with soil nail reference number, soil nail lengths
2. Necessary drilling (with or without grouting) details
3. Date/time of commencement and completion of:
a. drilling
b. cleaning of holes
c. insertion of soil nails
d. grouting, if necessary
e. pull-out tests

522.3.4 Quality Control and Assurance

522.3.4.1 Conformity Pull-out test

Conformity Pull-out test shall be conducted in accordance with the following condition:
a. Maximum load: 90 % of the yield strength of the soil nail
b. Loading cycle: single cycle
c. Loading condition: incremental load of 10.0 kN with 5-minute hold at each step
d. Record items: load value, soil nail displacement, settlement of reaction plate, and time of
testing

522.3.4.2 Proof Pull-out test

Proof Pull-out test shall be conducted in accordance with the following conditions:
a. Maximum load: design load
b. Loading cycle: single cycle
c. Loading condition: incremental load of 5.0kN with 1-minute hold at each step except for
5-minute hold at maximum load
d. Record items: load value and time of testing

522.3.5 Handling & Storage

Rolls or panels of meshes, soil nails, cement, and all other materials shall be marked, kept
dry, and protected against possible damage during periods of shipment and storage.

522.4 Method of Measurement

Soil Nail (Self-Drilling Type) shall be measured in linear meter including the necessary drilling
installed and accepted and as shown in the Plans.
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Soil Nail (Insert-After-Drilling Type) shall be measured in linear meter including the necessary
drilling, grouting and centralizers installed and accepted and as shown in the Plans.

Wire Mesh shall be measured in square meters including the necessary clips or shackles
installed and accepted and as shown in the Plans.

Wire Rope shall be measured in linear meters including the necessary grips, turnbuckles,
installed and accepted and as shown in the Plans.

Steel Plate, nut and washer (if necessary), shall be measured in kilogram including the
necessary weld installed and accepted and as shown in the Plans.

Steel post, base plate and concrete anchors (for anchor plates and post base plates, and for
horizontal ropes and post side stay ropes) for Hybrid Drapery (Curtain Net) shall be measured
in kilogram including the necessary weld installed and accepted and as shown in the Plans.

Catch fences shall be the number of square meters or lump sum including the posts/support
structures, base plates, intercepting panels (mesh, rope/cable net or ring net, etc), space
keepers, support wire ropes (upper, lower, lateral & junction bracing cables, etc.), energy-
dissipating device, shackles, wire rope grips, wire rope anchors, bar anchors and turnbuckles
erected/installed and accepted, and related accessories or components.

522.5 Basis of Payment

The quantities measured as determined in Section 522.4, Method of Measurement shall be

paid for at the Contract Unit Price shown in the Bid Schedule, which price and payment shall
be full compensation for the necessary furnishing and installing active and/or passive
protection systems, including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete
the Item.

Payment shall be made under:

Pay Item Unit of

Description
Number Measurement

522 (1)a Soil Nail (Self-Drilling Type) Linear Meter

522 (1)b Soil Nail (Insert-After-Drilling Type) Linear Meter

522 (2)a Wire Mesh (Ordinary) Square meter

522 (2)b Wire Mesh (High Tensile) Square meter

522 (3) Wire Rope Linear Meter

522 (4)a Steel Plate and nut, with washer Kilogram

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Pay Item Unit of

Description
Number Measurement

522 (4)b Steel Plate and nut, without washer Kilogram

Steel post, base plate and concrete anchors for

522 (5) Hybrid Drapery (Curtain Net) Kilogram

522 (6)a Catch Fences, Falling Rock Square meter

522 (6)b Catch Fences, Debris Flow Square meter

522 (7)a Catch Fences, Falling Rock Lump sum

522 (7)b Catch Fences, Debris Flow Lump sum