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Topic 3 - Dissolution Problems

1. The document provides a series of chemistry exercises involving calculations of: 2. Mass percent, mass concentration (g/L), volume percent, and molarity for various solutions. 3. The exercises include single-variable and mixed problems involving dissolving solutes in solvents to make solutions of known concentrations.

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isabel montilla
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Topic 3 - Dissolution Problems

1. The document provides a series of chemistry exercises involving calculations of: 2. Mass percent, mass concentration (g/L), volume percent, and molarity for various solutions. 3. The exercises include single-variable and mixed problems involving dissolving solutes in solvents to make solutions of known concentrations.

Uploaded by

isabel montilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic 3 Exercises
1. Mass percent

1.1. Calculate the mass % NaCl in a solution prepared by dissolving 50. g NaCl in 150. g H2O.

1.2. Calculate the mass of Na2CO3 and water needed to make 350 g of a 12.3% solution.

1.3. If we add 28g of table salt in a flask with 172 g of water, what is the mass percentage of
the obtained solution?

1.4. How much potassium iodide should you add to 120g of water to have a 15% solution?

1.5. How would you prepare 500g of an 8% by mass glucose solution?

1.6. A 20.0 % solution of KCl has a mass of 400 g. What mass of KCl is contained in this
solution?

2. Mass concentration (g/L)

2.1. The label on a bottle of mineral water shows that the sodium concentration is 8 mg / L. The
WHO (World Health Organization) recommends taking between 500 and 2000 mg of
sodium per day. What is the volume of mineral water we drink to ingest 500 mg of sodium?

2.2. Explain how to prepare 250mL of a solution of sugar with a concentration of 4g/L.

3. Volume percent

3.1. What volume of beer that is 6.0% by volume alcohol contains 100 ml CH3CH2OH (ethyl
alcohol)?

3.2. A solution is prepared by mixing 20.0 mL of propanol with enough water to produce 400.0
mL of solution. What is the volume percent of propanol in this solution?

3.3. A gaseous solution containg 8L of buthane, 5L of propane and 7L of ethane. Calculate the
volume percentage of each gas, assuming that the volumes are additive.

3.4. How much alcohol does a person get after drinking 2 cups (approximately 4 dL) of wine
with 12% by volume of alcohol?

4. Molarity

4.1. Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 9.35 g KCl in enough H2O to
make a 250 mL solution.

4.2. Determine the molarity of 500mL of solution that contains 25g of sodium nitrate.

4.3. How would you prepare 250mL of a sodium chloride 0,1M solution?

4.4. A 60% acid nitric solution has a density of 1,3g/cm 3. Calculate its molarity.

4.5. Explain the procedure to prepare 250mL of a 0,5M potassium sulfate solution.

4.6. How many mL of 9.0 M sodium phosphate solution are required to obtain 0.050 moles of
sodium phosphate?
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5. Mixed problems

5.1. 7 g of salt are dissolved in 45 g of water. What is the percentage by mass of the solution?
If the volume of the solution is 50 mL, what is the mass concentration in g/L?

5.2. We mix 35 mL of glycerine (C 3H8O3; density of 1.26 g/mL) with 65 mL of benzene (C 6H6:
density of 0.88 g/mL) and the final volume of the solution is 94 mL. Determine:

a) The density of the solution.

b) Percentage by mass of the solute.

c) The mass concentration expressed in g/L.

5.3. Dissolve 12 g sodium chloride and add solvent until the solution reaches the calibration
line in a volumetric flask of 250 mL. Determine the mass concentration in g/L and molarity
of solution.

5.4. We have a solution with the following characteristics:


Solution mass: 500g
Solute: sodium hydroxide Solution density: 1,3g/cm3
Solute mass: 30g
Solvent: Water

Calculate: a) mass percentage ; b) mass concentration ; c) molarity

5.5. If you have a 12M HCl solution and you want to prepare 2L of 0.1M HCL solution, you can
take a certain amount of the first and then add distilled water until the 2L line in a
volumetric flask. How much liquid do you need to take from the first solution?

5.6. A 96% by mass sulfuric acid solution has a density of 1.8g/cm 3. Calculate:
a) the volume of 100g of solution.
b) the mass concentration
c) the molarity

5.7. A solution containing iodine and alcohol has a mass percentage of 8% and a density of
0,9g/cm3. Determine the molarity and mass concentration of the solution.

5.8. We have 20mL of hydrochloric acid 12M and we add 80mL of water. What will be the
molarity of the resulting solution if you assume additive volumes?

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