1.

THE SACRAMENT OF THE EUCHARIST

The book is divided into 3 parts:

1. CATECHESIS
ON THE EUCHARIST
2. EXPLANATION
OF THE MASS
3. THE NEW ROMAN MISSAL AND THE
ORDER OF MASS

AUTHOR Rev. Fr. Paolo O. Pirlo, SHMI

EDITION 1st Edition, Manila, June 10, 2012
PUBLISHER Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate
Quality Catholic Publications
Isabella De Rosis St.
Multinational
1708 Parañaque City,
Philippines
Telefax (02) 828-2338
Tel. (02) 828-9509
[email protected]

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 2. THE CATECHESIS ON THE EUCHARIST

The "Catechesis on the Eucharist" comprises 13

chapters:

1. THE INSTITUTION OF THE EUCHARIST

2. THE MINISTER OF THE EUCHARIST
3. THE MATTER OF THE EUCHARIST
4. THE FORM OF THE EUCHARIST
5. LITURGICAL YEAR
6. LITURGICAL COLORS
7. LITURGICAL VESTMENTS
8. SACRED BOOKS
9. SACRED VESSELS
10. SACRED LINENS
11. THE CHURCH BUILDING
12. THE SANCTUARY
13. EUCHARISTIC SYMBOLS

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3. THE INSTITUTION OF THE EUCHARIST

This chapter comprises 7 questions:

1. What is the Eucharist?

2. Who instituted the Sacrament of the
Eucharist?
3. Why did Jesus institute the Eucharist?
4. Why is the Eucharist the memorial of
the Sacrifice of Christ?
5. Why is the Eucharist the "source and
summit" of the life of the Church?
6. What is this Sacrament called?
7. What are the spiritual graces of the
Eucharist?

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 4. WHAT IS THE EUCHARIST?

The Eucharist, from the Greek word “eucharistein” meaning thanksgiving, is the
Sacrament that:

1. gives us the Body and Blood of Christ;

2. reenacts his Sacrifice on the Cross.

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 5. WHO INSTITUTED THE
SACRAMENT OF THE EUCHARIST?

The Sacrament of the Eucharist was

instituted by Christ during the Last
Supper (Luke 22: 19).

On the same night, Jesus also instituted the

Sacrament of Ordination, because
Eucharist and Priesthood are
complementary.

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 6. WHY DID JESUS
INSTITUTE THE EUCHARIST?

Jesus instituted the Eucharist

for two reasons:
1. to perpetuate the Sacrifice
of the Cross until he will
come again;
2. to give us his Body and
Blood.

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 7. WHY IS THE EUCHARIST THE
"MEMORIAL" OF THE SACRIFICE
OF CHRIST?

The Eucharist is the memorial of

the Sacrifice of Christ because,
whenever we celebrate the Mass,
we sacramentally reenact his
passion, death, and resurrection.

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8. WHY IS THE EUCHARIST THE
"SOURCE AND SUMMIT"
OF THE LIFE OF THE CHURCH?

The Eucharist is the source and

summit of the life of the Church
because it contains the whole
spiritual wealth of the Church -
namely Christ himself.

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 9. WHAT IS THIS SACRAMENT CALLED?

This Sacrament is known by 5 different names in accordance with the various

perspectives:

1. EUCHARIST - from the Greek word “eucharistein” meaning thanksgiving, to

emphasize that the reason for the Sacrament is to give thanks to God for the beauty of
creation and the wonder of redemption.

2. THE LORD’S SUPPER - to recall that the institution of the Sacrament was done
when he was at table in the Cenacle with his Apostles.

3. THE BREAKING OF BREAD - to underline the action through which Christ

distributed the consecrated Bread during the Last Supper.

4. THE HOLY SACRIFICE OF THE MASS - to profess that the Sacrament is a

memorial, or reenactment, of the Lord's passion, death, and resurrection.

5. THE MOST BLESSED SACRAMENT - to remind that the real presence of Jesus in
the Sacred Species does not end with the Mass, but continues when they are preserved
in the Tabernacle.

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 10. WHAT ARE THE SPIRITUAL GRACES OF THE EUCHARIST?

The Eucharist gives 4 spiritual graces, namely:

1. WE RECEIVE 2. WE MAKE 3. WE ARE IN 4. WE RECEIVE

THE BODY AND REPARATION FOR COMMUNION ETERNAL LIFE -
THE SINS OF THE
BLOOD OF CHRIST WITH THE Jesus promised to
LIVING AND OF THE
- The Bread and DEAD - The
CHURCH - When give eternal life to
Wine that we we celebrate the those who receive
Eucharist has the
receive are the real Eucharist we are in his body and blood
power to forgive
Body and Blood of communion of faith (John 6: 51, 54).
the venial sins of
Christ. Jesus is and love with our
the living and the
present in a real and brothers and sisters
temporal
substantial way, in Christ.
punishment of the
with his body, soul,
dead.
humanity and
divinity.

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 11. THE MINISTER OF THE EUCHARIST

This chapter comprises 3 questions:

1. Who is the minister of the
Eucharist?
2. What is the meaning of, “Ubi
Misa ibi mensa”?
3. What are the Mass
intentions?

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 12. WHO IS
THE MINISTER
OF THE EUCHARIST?

The minister of the

Eucharist is the priest
and the bishop. They act
“in persona Christi,”
meaning, in the person of
Christ.

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13.WHAT IS THE MEANING OF
“UBI MISA IBI MENSA”?

❑ The proverb, “Ubi Misa ibi

mensa,” means that the
priest shall live off the
Mass offerings.
❑ The priests celebrate the
Mass for free; however,
the faithful have the duty
to support their daily
necessities and the needs
of the Church.

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 14. WHAT ARE THE MASS INTENTIONS?

❑ The Mass intentions are

intercessions on behalf of the
living and of the dead.
❑ It was the practice of the early
Church to pray for the eternal
repose of the souls in
Purgatory, as St. Monica
requested of her son Augustine
before dying.

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 15. THE MATTER OF THE EUCHARIST

This chapter comprises 9 questions:

1. What is the "matter" of the Eucharist?

2. Why can’t the matter of the Eucharist be changed?
3. Who can receive Holy Communion?
4. How often can we receive Holy Communion?
5. Which is the proper manner of receiving Holy Communion?
6. Who should distribute Holy Communion?
7. Why are we using hosts instead of bread; and why was the wine
taken away from the faithful?
8. Is it possible to receive Communion under both kinds?

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16. WHAT IS THE "MATTER"
OF THE EUCHARIST?

The matter of the Eucharist is:

1. unleavened bread, made of flour

from wheat, without yeast, salt, or
any other ingredient;

2. grape wine, made from grapes of

the vine, without any addition of
chemicals, coloring, or preservatives.

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 17. WHY CAN’T THE MATTER
OF THE EUCHARIST BE CHANGED?

The matter of the Eucharist cannot be changed because, during the

Last Supper, Jesus instituted the Eucharist by using bread of wheat
and wine from grape.

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18. WHO CAN RECEIVE
HOLY COMMUNION?

❑ Every Christian Catholic can

receive Holy Communion if he
is in the state of grace.

❑ Before receiving Holy

Communion we must
confess all our mortal sins.

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 19. HOW OFTEN CAN WE RECEIVE
HOLY COMMUNION?

❑ We can receive Holy Communion any

time we attend to the Holy Mass (but no
more than twice a day), provided we are
in the state of grace.
❑ We must attend to the Mass every
Sunday and on all feasts of obligation,
and receive Holy Communion at least
once a year, on Easter time.

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 20. WHAT IS THE PROPER
MANNER
OF RECEIVING
HOLY COMMUNION?

Holy Communion can be

received in 4 manners, to be
chosen by the communicant:
1. Standing;
2. Kneeling;
3. On the tongue;
4. On the hands.

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 21. WHO SHOULD DISTRIBUTE
HOLY COMMUNION?

❑ Holy Communion should be distributed by a Priest.

❑ However, when there are

many communicants, the
Priest may ask for the
assistance of the
Extraordinary Ministers
of Holy Communion or,
in their absence, of any of
the faithful for a specific
Mass.

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 22. WHY ARE WE USING HOSTS INSTEAD OF BREAD; AND WHY WAS THE WINE
TAKEN AWAY FROM THE FAITHFUL?

❑ It is because, as the number of Christians

increased, it became unpractical to consecrate,
distribute, and consume, many loaves of bread
and large quantities of wine.
❑ Nowadays, the Church allows the use of the
unleavened bread, and communion with both
kinds, under certain conditions and at the
discretion of the Ordinary.
❑ In any case, Jesus Christ is completely present
in the Bread alone, in the Wine alone, and in the
Bread and Wine combined.

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23. IS IT POSSIBLE TO RECEIVE COMMUNION UNDER BOTH KINDS?

Communion under both kinds of

Bread and Wine is permitted in 4
cases:

1. for community members in

their conventual Mass;
2. for seminarians;
3. for participants to a retreat or
spiritual gathering;
4. for those who have received
permission by the local
ordinary.

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 24. THE FORM OF THE EUCHARIST

This chapter comprises 8 questions:

1. What is the "form" of the Eucharist?

2. Why can’t the form of the Eucharist be changed?
3. What is the "Consecration"?
4. What is the "Transubstantiation"?
5. What is the "real presence" of Christ in the Bread and Wine?
6. Can the real presence be rationally demonstrated?
7. What is the feast of the "Corpus Christi"?
8. What is the Tabernacle?

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25. WHAT IS THE "FORM" OF THE
EUCHARIST?

The form of the Eucharist are the

words of the Consecration,
namely:

“This is my body ...

This is my blood."

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26. WHY CAN’T THE FORM OF THE EUCHARIST BE CHANGED?

The form of the Eucharist cannot be

changed because it corresponds to the
very same words used by Jesus to
institute the Sacrament during the Last
Supper:
❑ Matthew 26:17-30
❑ Mark 14:12-26
❑ Luke 22:7-39
❑ 1st Corinthians 11:23-26)

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 27. WHAT IS THE "CONSECRATION"?

The Consecration, from

the Latin words “cum” and
“sacrare,” meaning to
make sacred, is the part
of the Mass when the
bread and wine become
the Body and Blood of
Christ.

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 28. WHAT IS THE "TRANSUBSTANTIATION"?

The Transubstantiation is the sacramental act by which the substance of the bread and wine is
changed into the substance of the Body and Blood of Christ. This happens during the Consecration.

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29. WHAT IS THE "REAL PRESENCE" OF CHRIST IN THE BREAD AND
WINE?

❑ The real presence means that Jesus

Christ is wholly and substantially
contained in the Sacred Species of Bread
and Wine - in his body and soul,
humanity and divinity.

❑ The Eucharistic presence of Christ

begins at the moment of the consecration
and endures as long as the Eucharistic
species subsist.

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 30. CAN THE “REAL PRESENCE” BE RATIONALLY DEMONSTRATED?

❑ The “real presence” of Jesus in the

consecrated Bread and Wine cannot be
rationally demonstrated, but can only be
accepted by faith.
❑ St. Thomas Aquinas said: “The fact that in
this sacrament are the true Body of Christ
and his true Blood is something that cannot
be apprehended by the senses, but only by
faith, which relies on divine authority.”

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31. WHAT IS THE FEAST OF THE "CORPUS CHRISTI"?

❑ The feast of the Corpus Christi, or The Most Holy

Body and Blood of Christ, was instituted by Pope
Urban IV in 1263 to profess our faith in the real
presence of Jesus in the Eucharist. The feast
initiated because of the Eucharistic miracle of
Bolsena.
❑ For the occasion, St. Thomas Aquinas composed the
Eucharistic hymns: “O Salutaris Hostia,” and “Pange
Lingua,” which includes the “Tantum Ergo.”

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 32. THE LITURGICAL YEAR

This chapter comprises 7

questions:

1. What is the Liturgical

Year?
2. What is Advent?
3. What is the Christmas
Time?
4. What is Lent?
5. What is the Paschal
Triduum?
6. What is the Easter Time?
7. What is the Ordinary
Time?

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33. WHAT IS THE LITURGICAL YEAR?

The Liturgical Year is the 12-

month cycle of the
celebrations of the whole
mystery of Christ: it starts
with the first week of Advent,
and ends on the solemnity of
Christ the King.
It is divided into six seasons:
1. Advent;
2. Christmas Time;
3. Lent;
4. Paschal Triduum;
5. Easter Time;
6. Ordinary Time.

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 34. WHAT IS ADVENT?

❑ Advent is the season of preparation for the twofold coming of the Lord: the
first coming refers to the nativity of the Lord in Bethlehem; the second
coming, to the return of Christ at the end of times.
❑ Advent starts four Sundays before December 25, and ends at the Christmas
Vigil Mass.

FIRST COMING OF CHRIST SECOND COMING OF CHRIST

IN BETHLEHEM AT THE END OF TIMES

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 35. WHAT IS THE ADVENT WREATH?

❑ The Advent Wreath consists of a

circle of leaves, recalling all the years
the people waited for the Messiah; and
four candles, one for each week of
Advent.
❑ The liturgical color of Advent is violet,
symbolizing expectation and
preparation. On the Third Sunday of
Advent, known as “Gaudete Sunday,”
the color is rose, to symbolize the hope
for the coming of Jesus.

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36. WHAT IS THE CHRISTMAS TIME?

Christmas is the celebration of the birth of Jesus. The

Christmas season begins at the Vigil Mass on Christmas Eve
and ends on the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord. The
liturgical color for this season is white or gold to show our joy.
The important feasts of this Time are:

1. The Holy Family

(Sunday after Christmas)
2. St. Stephen, the first Martyr (December 26)
3. St. John the Evangelist
(December 27)
4. The Holy Innocents (December 28)
5. Mary, Mother of God (January 1)
6. Epiphany (Sunday between January 2 and January 8)

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 37. WHAT IS LENT?

❑ Lent is the time of preparation for

Easter, during which we are asked
to change our lives through prayer,
fasting, and almsgiving.
❑ The Lenten Season lasts for 40
days, beginning on Ash Wednesday
and ending at noon of Holy
Thursday.
❑ The liturgical color during Lent is
violet, which symbolizes the efforts
for penance and reflection.

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38. WHAT IS THE PASCHAL TRIDUUM?

❑ The Easter Triduum is the celebration

of the passion, death, and
resurrection of our Lord.
❑ It begins on Holy Thursday with the
evening Mass of the Lord’s Supper,
continues through Good Friday with
the celebration of the Passion of the
Lord, reaches its highest point on
Saturday night in the Easter Vigil,
and concludes with the Easter Mass
on Sunday.

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 39. HOLY THURSDAY

On the Holy Thursday we commemorate the institution of the

Eucharist and of the Ordained Priesthood.

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 40. GOOD FRIDAY

❑ On Good Friday we remember

the death of Jesus. Mass is not
celebrated on this day till the
Easter Vigil.
❑ The celebration of the Lord’s
passion and death takes place
in the afternoon.
❑ On Good Friday the color is
red, to signify the passion and
death of Jesus.

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 41. HOLY SATURDAY

❑ On Holy Saturday night we celebrate the

Easter Vigil, which commemorates the
resurrection of Christ.
❑ The Vigil starts with the Liturgy of Light,
when all the lights in the church are
turned off and a fire is prepared outside
the church. Then the fire is blessed and
the Paschal Candle is lighted.
❑ The Paschal Candle, sign of Christ as
the Light of the World, will remain
beside the altar till Pentecost.

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42. WHAT IS THE EASTER TIME?

❑ The Easter Time is the

celebration of the
resurrection and
ascension of the Lord, as
well as the coming of the
Holy Spirit and the
beginning of the Church.
❑ The season lasts for 50
days, from Easter
Sunday till Pentecost.

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43. WHAT IS THE ORDINARY TIME?

❑ The Ordinary Time is the part of the

Liturgical Year that lies outside the
seasons of Lent-Easter and Advent-
Christmas.
❑ It begins with the Baptism of the Lord
and ends with the feast of Christ the
King.

❑ The Liturgical Color for Ordinary Time

is green, a sign of hope which every
Christian should possess in order to
grow in faith.

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 44. LITURGICAL COLORS

The Liturgical Colors are the colors used for the vestments used in the
liturgy. There are six colors, in accordance with the season of the year and
the celebration of the day, namely:

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 45. GREEN

❑ Green is the symbol

of hope and living
vegetation.

❑ It is used during the

34 weeks of the
Ordinary Time.

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 46. RED

❑ Red is the symbol of blood.

❑ It is used on the feasts of
our Lord’s Cross and
Passion, on the feasts of
the Apostles and of all
martyrs.
❑ Red is also used on
Pentecost and in Masses of
the Holy Spirit.

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 47. VIOLET

❑ Violet is the symbol

of penance and
mourning.

❑ It is used during
Advent and Lent, or
during funeral
Masses.

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 48. WHITE

❑ White is the symbol of

innocence and triumph.
❑ It is used on the feasts
of our Lord, of our
Blessed Mother, of the
angels and of all saints
who were not martyrs.

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 49. GOLD

❑ Gold is the symbol of

the kingship of Christ.

❑ It is permitted in special
occasions in place of
white, red and green
vestments.

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 50. ROSE

❑ Rose is the symbol of joy

and moderation in
penance.

❑ It replaces the violet on

the Third Sunday of
Advent (Gaudete Sunday)
and on the Fourth Sunday
of Lent (Laetare Sunday).

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 51. SACRED VESTMENTS

The Sacred Vestments are the clothing used by ordained persons, or by

acolytes and ministers, during liturgical celebrations.

Cassock Alb Chasuble Cope Deacon’s Dalmatic

& Cotta & Stole Stole

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 52. CASSOCK & COTTA

❑ The Cassock is the close-fitting

ankle-length garment worn by the
clergy and by laymen during
liturgical services.
❑ The Cotta is the waist-length
surplice placed above the cassock
by the clergy and by laymen
Cotta during liturgical services.

Cassock

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 53. ALB & STOLE

❑ The Alb is the long, white linen

garment reaching to the feet, which
symbolizes the innocence and purity
that should adorn the soul of the
priest who ascends the altar.
❑ The Stole is the long scarf placed
about the neck of the priest, which
symbolizes priestly service and the
immortality of the soul.
Stole

Alb

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54. CHASUBLE

The Chasuble is the outer

priestly vestment, which
symbolizes the virtue of charity and
the yoke of unselfish service for the
Lord.

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55. COPE

The Cope is the vestment

worn around the
shoulders and over the
hands by a priest holding
the monstrance.

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56. DEACON’S STOLE AND DALMATIC

❑ The Deacon's Stole

is the diagonal stole
used by the deacon.

❑ The Dalmatic is the

sleeved tunic worn in
place of the chasuble
by the deacon.

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 57. SACRED BOOKS

The sacred books are the three books used during the liturgy of the Church,
namely:

1. Missal 2. Lectionary 3. Book of the Gospels

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58. MISSAL

The Missal is the book

containing all the
prayers and rites used
by the priest during the
Mass, and it is kept on
the altar.

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 59. LECTIONARY

❑ The Lectionary is the book that contains all the readings used during
the Mass.
❑ First Reading, Responsorial Psalm, and Second Reading are read by lay
people; while the Gospel is reserved for the priest or the deacon.
❑ The Lectionary is kept on the ambo.

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60. BOOK OF THE GOSPELS

❑ The Book of the Gospels, also

called “Evangelarium,” is the
book that contains only the
readings of the Gospel.
❑ It is brought in during the
entrance procession and placed
on the altar. After the Alleluia, it
is brought to the ambo for the
proclamation of the Gospel.

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 61. SACRED VESSELS

The Sacred Vessels are the vessels used for the liturgical celebrations.

Paten & Ciborium Cruets Monstrance Thurible &

Chalice Incense Boat

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 62. PATEN AND CHALICE

❑ The Paten is the small plate of

precious metal that holds the big
host.

❑ The Chalice is the cup of precious

metal, whose inside must be gold
or gold-plated, that holds the wine
consecrated at Mass.

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63. CIBORIUM AND CRUETS

❑ The Ciborium is the vessel

containing the hosts for
distribution to the faithful.
❑ The Cruets are the two
vessels containing the wine
and the water for the
Eucharist.

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 64. MONSTRANCE

The Monstrance is the vessel

in which the consecrated Host
is exposed for the adoration.

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 65. THURIBLE AND INCENSE-BOAT

❑ The Thurible, or censer, is a covered incense burner swung on

chains during the Mass, procession, and Eucharistic adoration.
❑ The incense-boat is the container of the incense to be offered.

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 66. SACRED LINENS

The Sacred Linens are the clothes used for the celebration of the Mass,
namely:
1) Altar Cloth; 2) Corporal; 3) Purificator; 4) Pall.

❑ The Altar
Cloth is the
linen cloth
placed on the
altar for the
Mass.

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 67. CORPORAL, PURIFICATOR & PALL

❑ The Corporal is the linen cloth spread by the priest on the altar to collect
possible drops of Blood or fragments of Host.

❑ The Purificator is the small

linen cloth used by the priest to
dry his fingers and the chalice.
❑ The Pall is the Pall

small square of stiffened linen

used to cover
the chalice.

Purificator
Corporal

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 68. THE CHURCH BUILDING

The Church Building is the edifice where the Christian community gathers to
celebrate their faith.

1
1. Bell Tower
2. Holy Water Stoup
3. Baptismal Font
4. Confessional
5. Sanctuary
6. Nave
6 5

2 3

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 69. THE SANCTUARY

The Sanctuary, or Presbytery, is the central part of the Church where the Mass and
other sacraments are celebrated.

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 70. ALTAR

The Altar is the sacred table where the holy sacrifice of the Mass is offered.

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71. ALTAR CANDLES & CRUCIFIX

❑ The Altar Candles, places

on or beside the altar, are
the symbol of our faith in
Christ.

❑ The Crucifix is the symbol

of the passion of Our Lord.

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 72. PASCHAL CANDLE & AMBO

❑ The Paschal Candle is the long

candle on a stand, placed
beside the altar from Easter till
Pentecost, symbolizing the
resurrection of Christ.
❑ The Ambo is the stand from
which the Scriptures and the
homily are proclaimed.

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 73. THE TABERNACLE & VIGIL LAMP

❑ The Tabernacle is the

repository of the Blessed
Sacrament, and must be
kept locked.
❑ The Vigil Lamp is the
lamp placed beside the
Tabernacle to signify the
presence of Jesus in the
Blessed Sacrament.

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 74. SEE

The See is the chair of the main

celebrant. In Latin is called
“cathedra,” whence the official
church of the bishop is called
cathedral.

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 75. MARIAN IMAGE

The Marian image, usually a

statue or an icon, is the
symbol that the Virgin Mary is
the Mother of the Church.

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76. HOLY WATER STOUP

The Holy Water Stoup is the container of

the holy water used by the faithful in making
the sign of the cross upon entering the
church.

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 77. BAPTISMAL FONT

The Baptismal Fount is the

pool where catechumens are
baptized. Traditionally it was
placed at the entrance of the
church, being the door to the
Christian community.

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78. CONFESSIONAL

The Confessional is the

place where people go for
the sacrament of Penance.

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 79. EUCHARISTIC SYMBOLS

The Eucharistic Symbols are the signs used to identify the real presence of Jesus in
the Sacred Species, and are used in the liturgical vestments, books, vessels, and
linens.

I.H.S.
ALPHA PELICAN IXTHUS CHI-RHO
& OMEGA Fish

LATIN CROSS CRUCIFIX I.N.R.I LAMB

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80. ALPHA & OMEGA

The Alpha and the Omega

are the first and last letters
of the Greek alphabet,
signifying that Christ is “the
beginning and the end” of
creation (Revelation 22:13).

Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate

81. PELICAN

The Pelican represents Jesus,

shedding his blood for our
salvation; since the pelican is
believed to feed the chicks with
her own blood by wounding her
breast when no other food is
available.

Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate

 82. IXTHUS

❑ The IXTHUS is the Greek word for fish and an acrostic for the Greek
words:
“Iesous Xhristos THeou Uios Soter”
(Jesus Christ God’s Son Savior).
❑ It was popular among Christians during the Roman persecution to avoid
detection.

Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate

83. IHS

❑ The I.H.S. is the acronym

for the Latin “Iesus
Hominum Salvator” (Jesus
Men’s Savior).
❑ It was promoted worldwide
by the preaching of St.
Bernardine of Siena.

Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate

84. CHI-RHO

The CHI-RHO is a symbol made

by superimposing the first two
letters of Christ in Greek, the Chi
(X) and the Rho (R). Emperor
Constantine saw this symbol in the
sky, and heard the words “By this
sign, conquer.”

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85. LATIN CROSS & CRUCIFIX

❑ The Latin Cross is an empty cross, favored

by the Protestants, which reminds of the
resurrection of Christ.

❑ The Crucifix is a cross with Jesus on it,

favored by the Catholic and the Orthodox,
which recalls the sufferings and sacrifice of
Christ.

Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate

 86. INRI

The I.N.R.I. is the Latin abbreviation for

“Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum”
(Jesus Christ, King of the Jews), the sign placed above Jesus’ head on the
cross (John 19:19).

Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate

87. LAMB

The Lamb represents Jesus.

❑ John the Baptist addressed
Jesus as, “The Lamb of God,
who takes away the sins of the
world” (John 1:29);
❑ John the Beloved Saw Jesus in
heaven as, “the Lamb who was
slain but now lives forever”
(Revelation 5:6).

Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate