DATABASE MANUAL

You have 2 ways to manage data from your database. First is from CMD Prompt
and another one is in PHPmyadmin.

Using CMD Prompt

1. Open Command Prompt.

2. Go to XAMPP directory. Then mysql. Then bin

3. Enter mysql –u root –p

4. Press Enter

• Type show databases;

 • Type create database nameofdatabase;

• Type use nameofthedatabase;

• You can now use the database and create tables.

On Creating Table, you can use this format:

Data Definition Language (DDL)

CREATE TABLE table_name (

columnname1 datatype,
columnname2 datatype,
columnname3 datatype,
.... (you can add another column here)
);

Creating of Table inside the database. Make sure you use the database you want
that table to be saved.

Create Command Example

CREATE TABLE Person (

personID int,

lastName varchar(1000),

firstName varchar(1000),

age int,

);

- You created PERSON table and inside it there are 4 columns named
personID, lastName,firstName, age.

NOTE: MAKE SURE YOU SPELLED IT CORRECTLY. TABLE and COLUMN NAMES ARE
CASE SENSITIVE AND MUST ONE WORD ONLY.

After created the table, you can now add value inside it by using INSERT command.
Or if you want to edit or update the table you need to use the ALTER command.

ALTER COMMAND

• ALTER TABLE table_name

ADD column_name datatype;
 • ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name;

• ALTER TABLE table_name

MODIFY COLUMN column_name datatype;

- YOU NEED TO CALL THE TABLE YOU WANT TO EDIT USING TABLENAME.
AND CHOOSE WHAT UPDATE IN THAT TABLE YOU WANT TO DO.

NOTE: AFTER YOU UPDATE THE TABLE. YOU WILL NOW FOLLOW THE UPDATED
TABLE. FOR EXAMPLE YOU ADD ANOTHER COLUMN USING ALTER COMMAND. YOU
NEED TO ADD IT ON YOUR INSERT COMMAND IF YOU WANT TO ADD RECORDS. IF
BEFORE YOU ONLY PUTTING 3 COLUMNS AFTER ALTERING IT YOU WILL NEED TO
PUT 4 COLUMN AND THE LAST COLUMN WILL BE THE COLUMN YOU ADD.

DROP COMMAND

• DROP TABLE table_name;

DROP TABLE WILL DELETE YOUR TABLE IN THE DATABASE. SO ALL THE RECORD
YOU ADDED THERE WILL BE DELETED.

TRUNCATE COMMAND

• TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;

TRUNCATE TABLE WILL DELETE ONLY ALL THE RECORDS YOU ADD TO THE
TABLE. YOU WILL NOT DELETE THE TABLE ITSELF. SO IF YOU WANT TO REFRESH
OR REDO YOUR TABLE VALUES, YOU CAN USE THIS COMMAND.
DML

AFTER YOU CREATED A TABLE, YOU CAN NOW INSERT VALUE INSIDE THE TABLE.
BUT BEFORE THAT YOU NEED TO KNOW 2 THINGS ON INSERTING VALUE TO A
TABLE. FIRST IS THE TABLE NAME AND THE OTHER ONE IS HOW MANY COLUMNS
DOES THE TABLE HAVE.

IF THE TABLE YOU CREATED HAS 4 COLUMNS, YOU NEED TO HAVE 4 VALUES INSIDE
THE INSERT COMMAND. IF THE COLUMN IS INT YOU DON’T NEED TO ADD
QUOTATION (‘ “). BUT IF THE COLUMN IS VARCHAR YOU NEED TO PUT THE VALUE
INSIDE QUOATATION.

EXAMPLE

PERSON TABLE

personID Int
firstName Varchar(100)
lastName Varchar(100)
Age Int

IF YOU WANT TO ADD RECORDS ON THAT TABLE,

YOUR INSERT COMMAND MUST BE LIKE THIS.

INSERT INTO PERSON VALUES ( 1 , “Con” , “Serrano”, 25);

MEANING THE PERSON WILL BE THE TABLE YOU WANT TO ADD A VALUE. VALUE 1
WILL BE PUT ON THE FIRST COLUMN OF PERSON TABLE WHICH IS personID and
that will be an integer. NEXT WILL THE VALUE “CON” THAT WILL BE ADD AS
firstName AND IT WILL BE A VARCHAR. NEXT VALUE IS “SERRANO” TO lastName
AND THE DATA TYPE IS VARCHAR AND LASTLY age INT and the value is 25.
IF YOU WANT TO ADD ANOTHER VALUE YOU CAN DO SO. MAKE SURE THAT YOU
PUT PROPER VALUE ON PROPER COLUMNS. MAYBE YOU ADD STRING DATA TYPE
TO INT IT WILL BE AN ERROR. ALSO INSIDE THE VARCHAR(200) IS THE NUMBER OF
CHARACTERS YOU CAN ADD TO THAT SPECIFIC COLUMN. SO IF YOU DECLARE IN
YOUR TABLE CREATION THAT ONE COLUMN IS VARCHAR(5), YOU CANNOT ADD THE
VALUE “AAAAAA” SINCE IT HAS 6 CHARACTERS.

SIMPLE SELECT STATEMENT

SELECT WILL LET YOU SHOW THE TABLE RECORDS.

EXAMPLE

PERSON TABLE

personID Int
firstName Varchar(100)
lastName Varchar(100)
Age Int

SELECT * FROM Persons;

 * = ALL COLUMNS INSIDE THE TABLE

 Persons= table Name you want to see

IF YOU WANT TO SEE A SPECIFIC COLUMN ONLY, YOU MUST CHANGE YOUR
COMMAND FROM * WHICH IS ALL TO THE COLUMN YOU WANT TO SHOW.

SELECT personID FROM Persons;

THE COMMAND ABOVE WILL JUST SHOW ALL THE PERSONID INSIDE YOUR TABLE.
IF YOU WANT TO ADD ANOTHER COLUMN, JUST ADD COMMA (,) AND THE COLUMN
NAME OF THE NEXT COLUMN YOU WANT TO ADD.

SELECT personID, Age FROM Persons;

MAKE SURE THAT THE COLUMN NAME SPELLED CORRECTLY. IT MIGHT BECOME
AND ERROR IF THE COLUMN NAME IS NOT UNIFORM ON WHAT YOU’VE CREATED. IF
YOU NAMED YOUR COLUMN perosnID, you need to call it like this

SELECT perosnID,Age FROM PERSONS;

SO YOUR CREATE TABLE WILL BE YOUR BASIS.

EXAMPLE

personID lastName firstName Age

1 Curry Stephen 30
2 Curry Seth 27
3 James Lebron 40
4 Davis Anthony 30

IF YOU WANT TO SHOW ONLY LEBRON JAMES RECORD. YOU NEED TO HAVE A
WHERE CLAUSE. WHERE CLAUSE WILL BE THE IDENTIFIER OF YOUR SELECT
COMMAND WHAT SPECIFIC VALUE YOU WANT TO SHOW.

SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE lastName=’James’;

SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE personID=3;

SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE Age=40;

EITHER OF THESE 3 WILL SHOW THE VALUE OF LEBRON JAMES. SINCE YOU CALL
THE CORRECT VALUE IN CORRECT COLUMN NAME. YOU WILL NEED TO CALL THE
COLUMN NAME TO BE THE BASIS OF THE VALUE YOU WANT TO GET.

IF FOR EXAMPLE YOU TRY THIS COMMAND

SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE lastName=’Curry’;

YOU WILL RETRIEVE 2 DATA. WHY? BECAUSE INSIDE YOUR TABLE, THERE ARE 2
RECORDS THAT HAS LAST NAME CURRY.

SO IF YOU WANT TO SELECT A SPECIFIC ROW, YOU MUST HAVE A UNIQUE

IDENTIFIER. JUST LIKE YOUR KLD NO. SO MEANING YOU’RE THE ONLY ONE WHO
HAS THAT ID OR NO.

IF YOU WANT TO SHOW SPECIFIC COLUMNS ONLY OF THE TABLE AND SPECIFIC
VALUE OR ROW, YOU JUST CONNECT THE 2 EXAMPLES ABOVE.

SELECT personID,lastName FROM Persons WHERE lastName=’James’;

IT WILL RETRIEVE ONLY THE PERSON ID AND LASTNAME OF Lebron JAMES.

THERE ARE MANY MORE THINGS YOU CAN DO ON SELECT STATEMENT. BUT FOR
NOW LETS SKIP IT AND GO TO UPDATE.

UPDATE COMMAND
UPDATE COMMAND WILL EDIT VALUES INSIDE YOUR TABLE.

EXAMPLE

personID lastName firstName Age

1 Curry Stephen 30
2 Curry Seth 27
3 James Lebron 40
4 Davis Anthony 30

YOU WANT TO EDIT THE AGE OF SETH CURRY YOU WILL DO THIS COMMAND

UPDATE Persons SET Age=40 WHERE personID=2;

YOU WILL CALL THE PERSON TABLE SINCE PERSON TABLE IS THE ONE YOU WANT
TO UPDATE. THEN IN SET COMMAND, YOU WILL PUT THE NEW VALUE YOU WANT
TO PUT. SO MEANING FROM 27 VALUE WE WILL SET THE VALUE TO 40. THEN THE
WHERE CLAUSE WILL IDENTIFY WHAT ROW YOU WANT TO BE UPDATED. YOU CAN
UPDATE 1 OR MORE COLUMNS ON ONE UPDATE COMMAND.

UPDATE Persons SET Age=40, firstName=’Seth Alfred’, lastName=’Calvin’ WHERE

personID=2;

SO THE COMMAND ABOVE WILL UPDATE the VALUE OF personID 2.

DELETE COMMAND

DELETE COMMAND WILL LET YOU DELETE A ROW INSIDE YOUR TABLE. TO DO THAT.

DELETE FROM Persons WHERE personID=2;

MEANING YOU WILL DELETE THE VALUE INSIDE YOUR TABLE THAT HAS VALUE 2 IN
PERSONID.
NOTE: IF YOU FORGET TO ADD WHERE CLAUSE INSIDE YOUR DELETE. YOU WILL
DELETE ALL YOUR RECORDS INSIDE YOUR TABLE

FOR NOW PRACTICE THIS ALL AND BE FAMILIARIZE. YOU CANNOT LEARN IT IF
YOU’RE NOT TRYING IT. NEXT TOPIC WILL BE THE COMPLICATED SELECT
STATEMENT COMMANDS AND INNERJOINS AND YUNG PAG GAMIT NG
PHPMYADMIN (PERO PWEDE NYO NA IEXPLORE ONCE YOU ALREADY MASTER THE
LECTURE ABOVE). LETS MASTER THE BASICS IN ORDER FOR US TO EASILY
UNDERSTAND THE NEXT TOPICS.

SORRY NA AGAD SA WRONG GRAMMAR DITO SA MANUAL NA ITO SINCE I JUST DID
THIS PARA MAGING GUIDE NYO KAYA MEJ ININFORMAL KO SYA. IF YOU HAVE
QUESTIONS PLS SABIHAN NYO LANG AKO HEHEHE.

ACTIVITY
CREATE THIS TABLE

employee

id Int

first_name varchar(200)

last_name varchar(1000)

email Varchar(1000)

age Int
gender Varchar(100)
department Varchar(100)

id first_nam last_name email age gender department

e

1 Dav Parkey [email protected] 23 Male Accounting

2 Cornie Pourvoieur [email protected] 32 Female Support
12 Research and
3 Waldon Mold [email protected] Male Development
4 Lolly Markussen [email protected] 56 Female Human Resources
5 Ally Prantoni [email protected] 39 Female Engineering
70 Research and
6 Lindie McGilbon [email protected] Female Development
7 Bertha Enterlein [email protected] 34 Non-binary Engineering
33 Product
8 Tyson Killich [email protected] Male Management
9 Andrea Carslaw [email protected] 22 Female Support
10 Pepita Bucktharp [email protected] 10 Female Marketing
11 Virge Kinlock [email protected] 50 Male Engineering
12 Gene Shropsheir [email protected] 23 Male Engineering
13 Kaylee Champneys [email protected] 67 Female Human Resources
14 Corella Swapp [email protected] 89 Female Training
15 Casi Hise [email protected] 45 Female Accounting
16 Georgiana Montford [email protected] 43 Female Accounting
17 Anet Sawney [email protected] 32 Female Engineering
Van [email protected] 21
18 Jackie Rembrandt m Male Engineering
19 Wernher Hallin [email protected] 23 Male Sales
20 Corby Skitch [email protected] 40 Male Services
21 Joleen Crumly [email protected] 33 Female Training
22 Kerstin Leivesley [email protected] 44 Female Services
23 Alexis Ashenhurst [email protected] 40 Female Human Resources
52 Product
24 Dewain Haighton [email protected] Male Management
25 Arlen Llywarch [email protected] 30 Female Sales
26 Binni MacDavitt [email protected] 21 Female Human Resources
27 Peri Rann [email protected] 25 Female Human Resources
28 Kennith Radnedge [email protected] 25 Genderqueer Training
29 Broddie Gerleit [email protected] 40 Male Accounting
30 Coriss Jillions [email protected] 30 Female Engineering

We will use this data in our future activities and lectures.