1

1. The diagram shows the structure of an atom.

-
+
N
+ + -
N
N
N

(a) Which element has atoms with this structure?

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) Choose words from the list to complete the sentences below.

electrons protons neutrons

(i) The nucleus of an atom usually contains both ___________________ and

______________________. [1]

(ii) The particles in the atom which have a negative electrical charge are called

______________________. [1]

(iii) An atom of an element contains the same number of ____________________

and _______________________. [1]

(c) Complete the table below using the Periodic Table.

Element Proton Number Electronic structure

lithium 2, 1

13

2, 8, 8, 1

[4]
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2. Below is a Periodic Table.

(a) Shade a period on the Periodic Table above. [1]

(b) Write the chemical symbol for a halogen of your choice.

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) Shade the elements in Group I on the Periodic Table below.

(d) The melting point decreases from the top to the bottom of the group.

Describe one other trend that changes from the top to the bottom of the group.
__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(e) The Group 2 elements is metals.

(i) Name two elements in Group 2.
_________________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) List two properties of elements in Group 2.
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________ [2]
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(f) The table gives most of the melting and boiling points of four Group 7 elements.

Element Melting point (C) Boiling point (C)

Fluorine -220 -118

Chlorine -35

Bromine -7 59

Iodine 114 184

(i) Name the element that is liquid at 20C.

_________________________________________________________ [1]

(ii) Describe the trend in boiling points in Group 7.

_________________________________________________________ [1]

(iii) Use the trend in melting points to predict the melting point of chlorine. [1]

_________________________________________________________
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3. Different metals are added to water. Some of these metals are added to acid.
Here are the results.
Metal Observation with water Observation with acid

Zinc No reaction Bubbles of gas and metal slowly

react
Potassium It floats and then a flame is seen -

Calcium Bubbles of gas Reacts quickly producing many

bubbles of gas
Platinum No reaction No reaction

Nickel No reaction A few bubbles of gas when the acid

is warmed

(a) Write the five metals in order of reactivity.

Most reactive _______________________________________

_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
Least reactive _______________________________________ [2]

(b) Name another metal that reacts in a similar way to potassium.

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) Why is there no result shown in the table for potassium being added to acid?

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(d) Name the gas formed in each observation.

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(e) Write a word equation for the reaction of potassium with water.

_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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4. Mel makes copper sulfate crystals from copper carbonate and sulfuric acid. The
sentences describe what she does, but they are not in the correct order.

A Measure out 25 cm of sulfuric acid solution. Pour it into a beaker.

B Filter the mixture. Keep the solution.

C Pour the solution into an evaporating dish.

D Add copper carbonate powder, one spatula at a time. Bubbles of gas is observed.

E Place the evaporating dish over a water bath. Heat until half the solution in the
dish has evaporated.

F Stop adding copper carbonate powder when there are no more bubbles of gas
formed.

G Leave the solution in a warm, dry place for a few days.

(a) Write the correct order. The first one has been done for you.

A, _______________________________________________________________ [3]

(b) Answer the following questions regarding the above experiment.

(i) What gas was produced during the reaction?

____________________________________________________________ [1]

(ii) Why stop adding the copper carbonate powder when there are no more bubbles
formed?
____________________________________________________________ [1]

(iii) Why use a water bath to heat the evaporating dish instead of heating it under a
direct flame?
____________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) Write the word equation for the above reaction that takes place in the experiment.

__________________________________________________________________ [1]
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5. Complete the following table by indicating which factor would have the greatest impact
on the rate of reaction. Choose from concentration, temperature, surface area or
catalyst.

Scenario Factor

Blowing air on a campfire to help get it going.

Raw carrots are cut into thin slices for cooking.

Protein is broken down in the stomach by the enzyme pepsin.

A Woolly Mammoth is found perfectly preserved near the Arctic

circle

More bubbles appear when a concentrated solution of

hydrochloric acid is added to a magnesium strip than when a
dilute solution of the acid is added.

Exhaust from a car engine passes through a catalytic converter

changing most of the poisonous nitrogen oxides into nitrogen gas
and oxygen gas.

A dust explosion occurs in a saw mill.

[7]
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6. The figure below shows a diagram of an atom.

(a) Label the sub- atomic particles in the diagram above. [4]
(b) Give the chemical symbols for the elements below.

Sodium _____________________ [1]

Potassium ___________________ [1]

(c) Draw a diagram below to show the electronic structure of a potassium atom.

[2]
(d) Complete the set of numbers below to show the electronic structure of a sodium atom.

2, _______________ [1]

(e) Explain why lithium, sodium and potassium have similar chemical properties.

__________________________________________________________________ [1]
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7. Write word equations with the products formed for the following reactions.
(a) Magnesiun and hydrochloric acid

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) Copper carbonate and sulfuric acid

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(d) Balance the equations below.

(i) _______ Zn + ________ O2 ________ ZnO

(ii) _______ C2H6 + _______ O2 _______ H2O + _______ CO2

(iii) _______ Fe + _______ Cl2 ________ FeCl3

(iv) _______ P + ________ O2 ________ P2O5 [4]

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8. The diagram show some particles of gases.

A B C

D E

(a) Write the letter of the diagrams that show gases exist as single atoms.

____________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) Write the letters of the diagrams that show gases exist as molecules.

____________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) Write the letter of the diagrams that shows a mixture of elements.

____________________________________________________________ [1]

(d) Write the letter of the diagrams that shows a mixture of an element and a

compound.

____________________________________________________________ [1]

(e) Write the letter of the diagram that shows compound.

____________________________________________________________ [1]

9. Three metals X, Y and Z have the following reactions.

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Y will displace X from a solution of its salt.

Z will displace both X and Y from solutions of their salts.
(a) Place the three metals in order of reactivity, starting with the LEAST reactive.
__________________________________________________________________ [2]
(b) Part of the reactivity series is given below.
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Zinc
Iron
Lead
Copper
Gold

(i) Use the reactivity series to predict which of the following pairs of substances
will react when they are heated together. Tick (_/) those boxes.
Calcium and zinc oxide
Iron and zinc oxide
Copper and lead sulfate solution
Lead and copper sulfate solution
[2]

(ii) Write word equations for the reactions in part (b)(i) that you have predicted
will react.

____________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________ [2]

(c) Use the reactivity series to help you explain the following:

(i) Why gold is used to make jewellery

_________________________________________________________ [1]

(ii) Why water taps are not made from calcium

_________________________________________________________ [1]

10. Answer the following questions using the graph below.

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(a) Which line best represents the fastest reaction?

___________________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) Which curve represents the lowest concentration of acid for a certain reaction?

___________________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) Which curve represents the highest pressure of two reacting gases?

___________________________________________________________________ [1]

(d) Why does reaction rate increase as the concentration increases?

___________________________________________________________________ [1]

11. Fill in the blanks.

(a) In an exothermic reaction, heat is ____________ _____________ and the

temperature ______________ .

(b) In an endothermic reaction, heat is ____________ _____________ and the

temperature ______________ .

[2]
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12. A student investigates the question below:

How does the volume of acid needed to neutralize an alkali depend on the concentration
of the alkali?
The concentration of a solution is the mass substance dissolved in 1 litre of the solution.
The solution writes down what she plans to do.

• Take 50cm3 of alkaline solution.

• Add universal indicator.

• Add acid until the indicator show the solution is neutral.
• Write down the volume of acid used.
• Repeat with alkaline solution of different concentrations.
(a) The student uses a measuring cylinder not a beaker to measure the volume of acid
needed. Suggest why.
___________________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) Fill in the blanks.

Variable to change

Variable to observe

Control variables 1.

2.

3.

[5]

(c) The students’ results are in the table below.

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Concentration of alkali (g/dm3) Volume of acid (cm3)

0.1 10
0.2 20

0.3 30

0.4 50

0.5 50

Plot the results on the graph below. [2]

(d) Draw a line of best fit. [1]

(e) Draw a circle around the anomalous result on your graph. [1]