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5 9-PolyatomicCompounds

This document discusses polyatomic ions and how to name and write formulas for compounds containing polyatomic ions. It lists common polyatomic ions and their charges. It provides steps for writing formulas using the crisscross method and explains that parentheses are used to show the number of polyatomic ions. Compounds formed from polyatomic ions and metals are named by combining the metal name with the polyatomic ion name. Oxyacids are also discussed as compounds formed when hydrogen bonds to polyatomic ions containing oxygen.

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17 views

5 9-PolyatomicCompounds

This document discusses polyatomic ions and how to name and write formulas for compounds containing polyatomic ions. It lists common polyatomic ions and their charges. It provides steps for writing formulas using the crisscross method and explains that parentheses are used to show the number of polyatomic ions. Compounds formed from polyatomic ions and metals are named by combining the metal name with the polyatomic ion name. Oxyacids are also discussed as compounds formed when hydrogen bonds to polyatomic ions containing oxygen.

Uploaded by

gt2x9fb99t
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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5.

9-POLYATOMIC COMPOUNDS

 Groups of atoms that tend to stay together and carry an overall ionic
charge.

Name of Polyatomic ion Ion Formula Ionic Charge


Nitrate NO3 - 1-
Hydroxide OH- 1-
Bicarbonate HCO3- 1-
Chlorate ClO3- 1-
Carbonate CO32- 2-
Sulfate SO42- 2-
phosphate PO43- 3-

WRITING FORMULAS FOR POLYATOMIC COMPOUNDS

What is the formula for the ionic compound formed by sodium and
a sulfate ion?

1. Write the symbols of the metal and of the polyatomic group.

Na SO4

2. Write the ionic charges.


1+ 2-
Na SO4

3. Choose the number of ions needed to balance the charge.

Two Na+ ions will balance with the charge of one SO42- ion.

4. Write the formula using subscripts.

The formula is Na2SO4.


The total ionic charge is 2(+1) + (2-) = 0

Crisscross Rule:
What is the formula of lead (IV) carbonate?
1. Write the symbols of the metal and of the polyatomic group.
Pb CO3
2. Write the ionic charges above the symbols and crisscross them.

4+ 2-
Pb CO3

Therefore, the formula is Pb(CO3)2.


The total ionic charge is (+4) + 2(2-) = 0

 Note that the parentheses are included in the formula to show the number
of CO3 ions in the formula.

Naming Polyatomic Compounds


 A combination of the name of the metal and the name of the polyatomic
ion.
Ex. K2SO4  Potassium Sulfate
Oxyacids
 Compounds formed when hydrogen (H) combines with polyatomic ions
that contain oxygen (O).
Ion name Ion formula Ionic charge Oxyacid formula Oxyacid name
Nitrate NO3- 1- HNO3 Nitric acid

Nitrite NO2- 1- HNO2 Nitrous acid

Chlorate ClO3- 1- HClO3 Chloric acid

Carbonate CO32- 2- H2CO3 Carbonic acid

Sulfate SO42- 2- H2SO4 Sulfuric acid

Sulfite SO32- 2- H2SO3 Sulfurous acid

Phosphate PO43- 3- H3PO4 Phosphoric acid

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