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INFLUENCING FACTORS OF CHOOSING ABM STRAND AS TO ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTING,
BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT 1

Conference Paper · April 2020

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INFLUENCING FACTORS OF CHOOSING ABM STRAND
AS TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS
IN FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTING,
BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT 1

Marikey M. Conde
Accountancy, Business and Management, Senior High School
Department, Muntinlupa National High School- Main

ABSTRACT
Choosing one’s track or strand in the Senior High School is a
tough decision for incoming Grade 11 students. This study
determined the factors that highly influenced the Grade 11 ABM
students to choose ABM as their academic strand. The identified
factors were investigated as to which of those affects the academic
performance of the respondents in Fundamentals of Accounting,
Business, and Management 1 subject. Two hundred and thirty (230)
respondents out of three hundred and eighty four (384) Grade 11
ABM students of Muntinlupa National High School Main for the S.Y.
2019-2020 were chosen using simple random sampling technique. A
simple researcher-made survey questionnaire and an official record
of the students’ grade were utilized in gathering data. After the
collection of data, SPSS computation revealed that majority of the
respondents enrolled ABM strand by personal choice (146 or 64%).
The academic performance of the respondents in Fundamentals of
Accounting, Business, and Management 1 subject were “Very
Satisfactory” (Overall Mean=86.230, sd=5.204). Also, statistically no
significant difference (F=4.16, sig=.742) in the academic
performance of the respondents were found depending on the
factors that influence them in choosing ABM as their academic
strand. Therefore, the null hypothesis stated was accepted. Results
revealed further suggest that all incoming Grade 11 choose a
track/strand in SHS base on personal choice; that guidance
counsellors continuously provide career orientation for them; and
that enrolment committee of all Senior High Schools in the
Philippines critically evaluate their enrolees as to their choice of
track/strand.
Keywords: ABM Strand, Academic Performance, Fundamentals
of Accounting Business and Management, K to 12
Tracks

April 2020
INTRODUCTION
Moving up to the last stage of basic education, the senior

high school; students need to choose a track and strand that fits

them and that they would want to pursue for another two years.

Given that this is a big decision, a lot of thinking must be done when

deciding (Cueva, 2020). There is also a need to ensure that senior

high school students are able to make optimal choices from the

various senior high school tracks (Asian Development Bank, 2019).

Also, students will enjoy their last two years of high school life if

they will make sure that they like the strand or track that they are

going to take (Llego, 2020).

But the truth is, some students enrol a certain track or

strand only by the influenced of others that sometimes lead them to

shifting track/strand at the middle of the semester or school year.

In fact, Malbas (2019) revealed that “peer pressure” mostly

influence incoming Grade 11 to choose a specific track/strand

for them. And commonly they fail or get low grades in their

specialized subjects due to lack of interests.

With these, the researcher investigated if the influencing

factors of choosing a track or strand really affect students’ academic

performance. This focused only on the factors such as peer

pressure, family, personal, and no choice to choose ABM strand.

These identified factors were proven if affecting the academic

performance of Muntinlupa National High School-Main’s Grade 11

ABM students in Fundamentals of Accounting, Business, and

Management 1 subject alone. The results of the study can be useful

for providing career orientation for incoming Grade 11 students and

for evaluating enrolees of senior high school.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study is aimed at investigating which of the influencing

factors of choosing ABM strand affects the academic performance of

Grade 11 ABM students in Fundamentals of Accounting, Business,

and Management 1 subject. Specifically, the following questions

were answered:

1. What factor highly influenced the Grade 11 ABM students to

choose ABM strand; Peer Pressure, Family, Personal or No

Choice?

2. What is the respondents’ mid-term mean grade in

Fundamentals of Accounting, Business, and Management 1

subject for the S.Y. 2019-2020?

3. Does the mid-term mean grade of the respondents in

Fundamentals of Accounting, Business, and Management 1

subject significantly differ depending on the factor that

influence them to choose ABM strand?

 HYPOTHESIS

The mid-term mean grade of the respondents in

Fundamentals of Accounting, Business, and Management 1 subject

does not significantly differ depending on the factor that influence

them to choose ABM strand.

METHOD
RESEARCH DESIGN

To determine which of the influencing factor of choosing

ABM strand contributed to the performance of students in

Fundamentals of Accounting, Business, and Management 1; a

quantitative causal-comparative research was employed in this

study. It is considered as a kind of descriptive research because it

describes existing conditions but unlike descriptive research, it

endeavors to find out the causes of existing phenomena (Melegrito

& Mendoza, 2016). This best fitted the study since the cause and

effect relationships between the identified factors why students

chose ABM strand and their academic performance.

RESPONDENTS AND SAMPLING PLAN

The respondents were the Grade 11 Accountancy Business

and Management (ABM) students of Muntinlupa National High

School-Main for the School Year 2019-2020. Sixty percent (60%) of

the total population (384) of these students represented the study

which equated to a total of two hundred and thirty (230)

respondents. Simple random sampling technique was utilized to

easily identify those who represented the study.

INSTRUMENT/S AND DATA COLLECTION PROCESS

To determine which factors influenced the respondents for

choosing ABM strand, a simple survey questionnaire was created. In

this survey, respondents need to identify only one highest

influencing factor which contributed to their decision to choose

their strand. Four (4) choices were indicated and respondents just

need to check the box which corresponds to their best choice.

To identify the academic performance of the participating

students, an official document was acquired through a formal letter

requesting the subject teacher to provide a copy of the students’

mid-term grade in Fundamentals of Accounting, Business, and

Management 1. Grades were interpreted base on the following

rating scale which came from the current grading standard of the

Department of Education:

90-100 -Outstanding

85-89 -Very Satisfactory

80-84 -Satisfactory

75-79 -Fairly Satisfactory

Below 75 -Did Not Meet Expectation

 STATISTICAL TREATMENTS OF DATA

To know which factor highly influence the students to

choose ABM strand; frequency (f) and percentage (%) were utilized.

To compute for the average of the mid-term grades of students in

Fundamentals of Accounting, Business and Management 1; mean (

X ) and standard deviation (sd) was applied. To determine if there

is a significant difference in the mid-term grade of the respondents

depending on the factor that influence them to choose their strand;

the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used. All of these were

computed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS)

Version 21.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The following were the results of the data gathered from

the respondents. These were arranged according to the questions

posited in the Statement of the Problem.

INFLUENCING FACTORS OF CHOOSING ABM STRAND

Choosing specific track and strand in enrolling in the Senior

High School (SHS) is difficult, especially without proper orientation

and supervision. Figure below shows which factor highly influenced

the Grade 11 ABM students of Muntinlupa National High School-

Main for the S.Y. 2019-2020 to choose ABM strand as their course in

SHS.
 Figure 1. Factors in Choosing ABM Strand

As shown in Figure 1, majority of the respondents

personally chose ABM strand (146 or 64%) as their course in

SHS. Very few enrolled in this strand because no track/strand

choices that can be considered favourable for them (No

Choice, 12 or 5%). This was a very acceptable result since

majority of them enrolled in the strand because they really

want to be in the field. Since senior high school tracks directs

students towards reaching their goals, they should make sure

to pick a program that’s most useful to their skills and interests

(College of Arts and Technology, 2017). This possibly

happened to these respondents that’s why they enrolled in

ABM. It can also be considered that these students were

provided with enough career orientation activities before they

decided to choose their track and strand.

RESPONDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN FUNDAMENTALS OF

ACCOUNTING, BUSINESS, AND MANAGEMENT 1 SUBJECT

Below is the report of the mid-term mean grade of the

Grade 11 ABM students in Fundamentals of Accounting, Business,

and Management 1 subject for the S.Y. 2019-2020. Grades were

grouped according to the factors that influence the respondents to

ABM as their academic strand.

Table 1

Respondents’ Academic Performance in Fundamentals of ABM 1

Group/Factors Frequency Mean Standard Interpretation

(f) (X ) Deviation
(SD)
Peer Pressure 24 85.667 5.419 Very
Satisfactory
Family 48 85.667 5.744 Very
Satisfactory
Personal 146 86.517 5.121 Very
Satisfactory
No Choice 12 86.250 3.571 Very
Satisfactory
Total/Overall Very
230 86.230 5.204
Mean Satisfactory
Legend:
90-100 -Outstanding
85-89 -Very Satisfactory
80-84 -Satisfactory
75-79 -Fairly Satisfactory
Below 75 -Did Not Meet Expectation
 Table 1 shows that regardless of the factor that influence

the respondents to choose ABM as their strand in SHS, their

academic performance in Fundamental of Accounting, Business and

Management 1 were “Very Satisfactory” (Overall Mean=86.230,

sd=5.204). This means that students in all the groups developed the

fundamental knowledge and skills and core understandings of the

subject during their mid-term; and they can independently transfer

the learning they gained through authentic performance tasks. It is

also revealed that students who personally chose the strand got the

highest mean grade ( X =86.517, sd=5.121). This means that it is

still important to enrol in a track or strand without the influence of

the external factors.

Table 2

Difference of the Respondents’ Academic Performance

Group/Factors Mean Computed Sig. Interpretation

(X ) F
Peer Pressure 85.667 Not
Family 85.667 Significant/Null
.416 .742
Personal 86.517 Hypothesis
No Choice 86.250 Accepted

As shown in Table 2, the computed F value of .416 with

a significance value of .742 revealed no significance difference

on the academic performance of the respondents depending

on the factors that influenced them to choose ABM as their

strand. This means the null hypothesis was accepted.

CONCLUSIONS
Base on the salient findings of this study, it is therefore

concluded that: the SHS ABM enrolment committee of

Muntinlupa National High School-Main assigned for the S.Y.

2019-2020 evaluated properly the Grade 11 students who

enrolled in the ABM strand. The “Very Satisfactory” rating of

students in Fundamentals of Accounting, Business, and

Management 1 subject signifies that students in all the groups

developed the fundamental knowledge and skills and core

understandings of the subject during their mid-term; and they can

independently transfer the learning they gained through authentic

performance tasks. Regardless of the factor that influenced the

Grade 11 ABM students to choose ABM as their academic strand,

their academic performance did not vary. Therefore, the null

hypothesis was accepted.

RECOMMENDATIONS
The stated conclusions recommend that incoming Grade 11

students choose a track/strand to enrol base on personal choice.

Enrolment committees of all Senior High Schools in the Philippines

should also critically evaluate their enrolees before accepting them

in a specific track/strand. Guidance councillors of Junior High

Schools (JHS) ensure also that incoming Grade 11 students are

provided with enough career orientation activities to be well-

informed of the K-12 senior high school curriculum. Future

researchers may also conduct further study to identify other factors

that could possibly influence the academic performance of the

students not only in Fundamentals of Accounting, Business, and

Management 1 subject but also in other specialized subjects.

REFERENCES
Asian Development Bank (2019). Factors affecting senior high school

track offerings in the Philippines. Development Asia: an initiative

of Asian Development Bank (ADB).

College of Arts and Technology (2017). Steps to knowing which

senior high school track best fits you. College and university

education, k-12 education, senior high school.

Cueva, D. (2020). Senior high school guide: choosing the right track

and strand. Retrieved from https://topnotcher.ph last February

13, 2020.

Llego, M. A. (2020). A guide to choosing the right senior high school

strand. TeacherPh: professional learning online community of

teachers and for teachers.

 Malbas, M.H. (2019). Preferences in senior high school tracks of the

Grade 10 students. Retrieved from www.researchgate..net last

February 13, 2020. DOI:10.21013/jems.v15.n5.p2.

Melegrito, M.L. & Mendoza, D.J. (2016). Definition, characteristics,

and types of quantitative research. Applied research: an

introduction to quantitative research methods and report

writing, pp.10-11.

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