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Lecture 01

This document provides information about the CSC-430 course on Computer Organization and Assembly Language taught by Professor Dr. Imtiaz Ali Korejo. The course objectives are to understand computer organization and architecture, gain knowledge of microprocessor internals, learn assembly language, and understand how low-level logic is applied to problem solving. Basic computer structure includes the control unit, ALU, registers, and interconnections. Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is closer to machine language and allows direct hardware interaction.

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30 views

Lecture 01

This document provides information about the CSC-430 course on Computer Organization and Assembly Language taught by Professor Dr. Imtiaz Ali Korejo. The course objectives are to understand computer organization and architecture, gain knowledge of microprocessor internals, learn assembly language, and understand how low-level logic is applied to problem solving. Basic computer structure includes the control unit, ALU, registers, and interconnections. Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is closer to machine language and allows direct hardware interaction.

Uploaded by

حرمین محمود
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSC-430

Computer Organization &


Assembly Language

Prof. Dr. Imtiaz Ali Korejo


Email: [email protected]
Course Information
Welcome to CSC-430 (Computer Organization and Assembly Language)
Teaching Methodology:
❖ Lectures, Assignments, Practical labs,
Reference Materials:
1) Assembly Language programming & Organization of the IBM PC
By Ytha Yu & Charles Marut
2) Assembly language for x86 Processor(6th edition or 7th edition)
By Kip Irvine
3) Computer Orgnaization and Architecture By William Stallings
Course Objectives
❖ To understand Organization of a computer system
❖ To gain an insight knowledge about the internal architecture and
working of microprocessors.
❖ To understand working of memory devices, interrupt controllers
and I/O devices.
❖To learn Assembly Language
❖ To understand how low level logic is applied for problem solving
by using assembly as a language.
Prerequisite
❖ Must know a programming language such as
Procedural or structured programming Languages
( C Language).
❖ You know about ASCII code:
A 65
a 97
0 48
Basic Structure & Function of
Computer System
The Computer-Top-level Structure
• Four major structural components are as follows:
❖ Control unit: Controls the operation of the CPU and hence the
computer.
❖ALU: Performs the computer’s data processing functions.
❖Registers: Provides storage internal to the CPU.
❖CPU Interconnection: Some mechanism that provides for
communication among the control unit, ALU and registers.
CPU and Motherboard
Function
❖ Function is the operation of individual components as part of the
structure.
❖Main functions performed by a computer system are:
❖ Process Data
❖Store Data
❖Move Data
❖Control the above three functions
Basic Computer Organization
❖Computer Organization: It is concerned with the way the hardware
components operate and the way they are connected to form the
computer system.
❖Computer Architecture: Which is concerned with the structure and
behavior of the computer as seen by the user.
❖Computer Design: It is concerned with the hardware design of the
computer.
Basic Computer Organization
Basic Computer Organization
Introduction of Assembly Language
❖ Why we study Assembly Language?
❖ What is assembly Language?
High level Language Test.c
Compiler

Assembly Code Test.asm

Assembler
Library File

Object File Test.obj

Linker

Machine Code Test.exe

Hardware
Why we study Assembly Language?
❖Better understanding of hardware and Software interaction
❖To learn how high-level language code gets translated into machine code.
❖The programmer can write the code to access registers and retrieve the
memory address of pointers and values.
❖Better processing time than other language program.
❖ To speed up applications by direct access to hardware (Writing directly to
I/O ports instead of doing a system call) or Increase efficiency &
performance.
❖Assembly language is useful for implementing system software such as
Device Drivers.
❖ Also useful for small embedded system applications
What is assembly language?
❖Computer Programming Language. ( HL, AL, & LL Languages)
❖Low level / Symbolically Programming Language.
Machine Language
❖Each CPU can only execute its own machine language
❖Machine Language is stored in binary code - a series of 0's and 1's
❖Very difficult to write ML programs!
❖Each family of CPU's has its own distinct machine language
Assembly Language
❖ Assembly Language is a low level programming language.
❖It is mainly depends on the architecture of computer and sometimes to an operating
system.
❖ Using mnemonics (ADD, MOV, MUL) instead of machine code.
❖It is also known as Symbolical Language
❖One ALC statement usually translates to 1 ML statement
❖Just as each computer has its own Machine Language - each computer has its own
Assembler Language.
❖ Close to human language
❖Assembler is a language translator that translate the assembly code into machine code .
❖Each CPU has own assembly language.
THE END.

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