13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

1-20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere 4. Of all the studies ever done, the only factor
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. that has ----- been associated with increases in
allergy is exposure to tobacco smoke.

1. Antidepressants are a diverse group of drugs A) consistently

that demonstrate a capacity to produce ----- in
the symptoms of clinical depression. B) plentifully

A) improvement C) accidentally

B) justification D) suddenly

C) expansion E) harshly

D) sufficiency

E) acquisition

5. Ginger has a long history of use for relieving

stomach problems, and clinical studies have ----
2. The increasing ----- of obesity and different its benefits for preventing the symptoms of
types of diabetes is a major health issue facing motion sickness and in the treatment of nausea.
society today.
A) launched
A) priority
B) adopted
B) incidence
C) altered
C) acceptance
D) exhausted
D) regulation
E) validated
E) accuracy

6. Although celiac disease can be managed by

3. Despite family history, diabetes is following a gluten-free diet for life, those who
preventable and even ----- if individuals are do not ----- it are at greater risk of developing
willing to make the right change in their diet by certain health problems.
cutting back on carbohydrate and sugar.
A) hand over
A) achievable
B) call off
B) sustainable
C) interfere with
C) reversible
D) breakdown
D) available
E) adhere to
E) credible

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

7. Cataract extraction and lens replacement ----- 10. Today, most reformers accept the principle
sight for more than ninety per cent of people that ----- the promotion of education of people
who otherwise ----- vision to cataracts. with disabilities, critical insights ----- the makeup
of a civilised society are discovered.
A) would have restored / were going to lose
A) through / into
B) have to restore / used to lose
B) on / with
C) should have restored I might lose
C) from / under
D) must restore / may have lost
D) at / by
E) can restore / would lose
E) for / against

8. Scientists - ----- genetically modified hens

whose eggs carry proteins that the human 11. A recent study carried out ----- twins has
immune system ----- to fight disease - the same revealed that 47 per cent of the differences -----
proteins used to make types of drugs, including sensitivity comes from our genes, with the rest
cancer medication. coming from environmental factors during
childhood.
A) will produce / used
A) for / at
B) have produced / uses
B) on / in
C) had been producing I was using
C) from / with
D) had produced / is using
D) between / by
E) produced / had used
E) to / over

9. Fluoride supplements are available by

prescription and are recommended only ----- 12. Hyaluronic acid occurs naturally in the body
children living in areas ----- low water fluoride and helps draw moisture to the skin, -----
concentrations; rarely needed by adults. hyaluronic acid supplements are especially
helpful if you are prone to dehydration.
A) on / in
A) whereas
B) at / from
B) instead
C) about / over
C) after
D) for / with
D) so
E) through / to
E) but

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

13. Doctors can usually diagnose conjunctivitis 16. ----- most snakes are not venomous, any
easily from its appearance ----- the symptoms snake bite should immediately be examined at a
include red, swollen conjunctiva and sclera, hospital.
itchy or scratchy sensation, thick, yellowish
A) By the time
discharge that crusts, and photophobia.
B) If
A) even if
C) Since
B) until
D) Although
C) unless
E) As long as
D) so that

E) as

17. Eating chocolate at least once a week could

help to reduce the risk of heart disease by as
14. The causes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity much as 8 percent ----- the nutrients in the
Disorder (ADHD) are not known; -----, it appears chocolate, such as flavonoids, reducing
that heredity plays a major role in the inflammation and increasing good cholesterol.
development of the disorder.
A) prior to
A) similarly
B) other than
B) for instance
C) similar to
C) however
D) thanks to
D) therefore
E) in spite of
E) accordingly

18. Achondroplasia is a common form of

15. Doctors are encouraging their patients to dwarfism ----- a mutation that causes an
spend time in the countryside as recent studies individual to have short stature with short arms
suggest that people have improved mood and and legs, a large head, and distinctive facial
wellness ----- they spend more time in an features.
oxygen-rich environment.
A) on behalf of
A) until
B) instead of
B) when
C) in favour of
C) before
D) despite
D) unless
E) due to
E) even though

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

19. Many childbirth experts believe that ----- a 20. Zinc, ----- is largely found in oysters and red
mother knows about the birth process ----- fear meat, can obviously be in short supply in a
and apprehension she will feel giving birth. vegan or vegetarian diet.

A) whether / or A) whose

B) the more / the more B) how

C) either / or C) which

D) not only / but also D) when

E) such / that E) where

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

21-25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) to have resulted

B) to result
The glycemic index or Gl is a ranking of C) resulted
carbohydrates based on how quickly they are
broken down and affect blood sugar. Also called D) resulting
blood glucose, blood sugar is the fuel used by the
E) having resulted
cells in the body (21)----- energy. Carbohydrates
that are rapidly digested and broken down
quickly into blood glucose are ranked as high Gl.
These include refined starches such as white
bread and highly processed foods. Carbohydrates
23.
that are more slowly digested and broken down
into blood glucose have a low Gl. Low-GI foods, A) At first
such as bulghur and quinoa, have a less dramatic
B) Furthermore
impact on blood sugar and help keep levels more
balanced. Eating high-GI foods can lead to blood C) However
sugar imbalances, possibly (22)----- in fatigue,
increased appetite, and food cravings, D) On the contrary
particularly for sweets. (23)-----, numerous
E) Otherwise
studies have linked diets that include large
amounts of high-GI foods to obesity, insulin
resistance, type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, and
increased risk of cardiovascular disease. On the
other hand, research indicates that a low- 24.
glycemic diet can (24)----- better blood sugar
control. Research has also shown that the A) receive
consumption of low-GI foods can reduce the risk
B) promote
of obesity and cardiovascular disease in patients
with type 2 diabetes (25)----- contributing to C) surpass
blood glucose regulation.
D) alleviate

E) penetrate
21.

A) for

B) from
25.
C) by
A) regardless of
D) with
B) in contrast with
E) through
C) such as

D) with the exception of

E) as well as

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

26-30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) Nevertheless

B) Otherwise
Many individuals exhibit some avoidant C) Yet
behaviours at one point or another in their lives.
(26) ----- avoidant personality disorder, a person D) In contrast
may suffer from some distinctive social phobias,
E) For example
mood and anxiety disorders, or personality
disorders at the same time. Therefore, the
diagnosis (27) ----- by the fact that avoidant
personality disorder may be either the cause or
result of other mood and anxiety disorders.
(28)-----, individuals who suffer from major
depressive disorder may begin to escape from 29.
social situations and experience feelings of
A) detect
worthlessness, symptoms that are also
prominent features of avoidant personality B) attain
disorder. On the other hand, the insecurity and
isolation that are symptoms of avoidant C) trigger
personality disorder can (29) ----- feelings of
D) examine
depression. Also, the characteristics of avoidant
personality disorder may resemble those found E) ruin
(30) ----- both schizoid and schizotypal
personality disorders.

26.

A) In addition to 30.

B) With the aim of A) by

C) For the sake of B) from

D) In pursuit of C) in

E) By means of D) toward

E) off

27.

A) used to be complicated

B) can be complicated

C) had been complicated

D) would have been complicated

E) might have been complicated

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

31-41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 33. In ophthalmology, the first goal is to
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. differentiate between conditions that are minor
and those that are serious and sight-
threatening; -----.
31. Although acne may occur at any age and in
both men and women, -----. A) accordingly, doctors should wash their hands
before and after inspecting the eye
A) it is a chronic inflammation of the sebaceous
glands embedded in the skin B) as a result, seasonal allergies may contribute
to dryness and irritation of the eye
B) it is most frequently associated with the
maturation of young adult males C) thus, the primary cause of persistent red eye is
a bacterial infection
C) anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem are
common among those with acne D) as a consequence, redness or inflammation of
the eye are very common
D) many factors combine to cause acne, such as
hormonal changes and dietary habits E) therefore, it is important to take an eye history
and perform a simple eye examination
E) it primarily affects the face, neck, and upper
arms

34. While allergy to specific allergens is not

inherited, -----.
32. Because skin tests can cause serious
reactions in people with severe food allergies, A) the symptoms may begin within five minutes
-----. after exposure to the allergen

A) milk, egg, peanuts, and shellfish are among B) types of allergies can often be diagnosed by a
the most common food allergens careful medical history

B) your body may lack the necessary chemicals to C) whole body or systemic reactions may occur
digest a particular food, which is considered an from any type of allergen
intolerance
D) there is a likelihood of developing some type
C) the allergist is likely to have the necessary of allergy, at least for many people
emergency medications on hand to properly
treat you E) some people may have comparably severe
allergic rhinitis but no food allergies
D) these tests are very expensive and have no
real bearing on the ultimate diagnosis of food
allergy

E) tests for specific allergies include skin prick

tests, intradermal injections, or blood tests

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35. Unless the human rights and needs of 37. Sporotrichosis is an infection caused by the
persons with mental disabilities are taken into microscopic fungus Sporothrix schenckii, which
account, -----. enters the body through cuts in the skin, -----.

A) extensive efforts in development will A) although it causes bumps on the skin that are
definitely be attainable by persons with mental painless and do not often lead the sufferer to see
health conditions a doctor

B) global cooperation will ensure the mentally B) but the best way to avoid sporotrichosis is to
disabled are supported in efforts to develop their wear gloves and long sleeves while gardening
full potential
C) so people who handle plants with sharp thorns
C) the elimination of world poverty and human or needles, like roses or pines, are more likely to
rights violations is very unlikely to be achieved get sporotrichosis

D) targeting the mentally disabled within D) as it is possible to confirm the presence of

development programmes will undoubtedly advanced sporotrichosis through a blood test or a
reduce poverty rates biopsy

E) respect for human rights will enable people to E) instead, fungicidal herbs, such as tea tree oil
live up to their potential and contribute to and citrus seed extract, may also be applied
society directly to the infected skin

36. Because most people with thyroid cancer 38. Cholesterol-reducing drugs will not cure
have no known risk factor, -----. problems that cause high cholesterol; -----.

A) ultrasound may also be used to screen for the A) however, too much cholesterol can lead to
disease in people at risk heart diseases

B) exposure to ionising radiation and reduced B) rather, they will only help control cholesterol
iodine intake are among the most common levels
causes
C) moreover, the dosage depends on the type of
C) it is not always possible to completely prevent drug being used
this disease
D) therefore, high cholesterol is closely linked to
D) the aggressiveness of each type of thyroid coronary artery disease
cancer is different
E) similarly, people over 60 are sensitive to
E) hormone therapy uses hormones after surgery certain drugs' side effects
to stop its growth

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39. People must receive blood of the same 41. Vitamin D is different from all the other
blood type; -----. nutrients in the body in that the body can
synthesise it with the help of sunlight; -----.
A) otherwise, a serious, even fatal, transfusion
reaction can occur A) as a result, vitamin D deficiency can also be
associated with organ disease such as chronic
B) however, a child inherits genes from each
renal failure or liver disease
parent that determine his or her blood type
B) however, most of the world's population relies
C) nonetheless, blood typing tests are based on
on natural exposure to sunlight to maintain
some chemical combinations
adequate vitamin D nutrition
D) for example, blood transfusions may be
C) for example, diseases affecting either the liver
necessary for severe, symptomatic anaemia
or the kidneys can interfere with the activation of
E) therefore, there are eight different blood vitamin D
types in all
D) on the contrary, vitamin D has numerous
functions and may be valuable in treating a
number of disorders

E) therefore, people need no vitamin D

40. Many people associate tetanus with rusty supplements as long as they spend enough time
nails and other dirty objects, -----. in the sun
A) but any wound can be a cause for this fatal
disease

B) while it causes convulsive muscle spasms and

rigidity

C) although it is prevalent in nations without

effective immunisation programs

D) as early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to

recover from it

E) so it begins when the bacterium Clostridium

tetani enters the body

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

42-47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce 43. Because social values and technological
cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi advances change over time, new ethical
bulunuz. challenges emerge whenever new technologies
arise with consequences for public health.
42. Hunching restricts the functioning of your A) Zaman içerisinde toplumsal değerler ve
body as a whole, which can lead to aches and teknolojik gelişmeler değişir ve bundan dolayı
leave you more susceptible to injuries. halk sağlığı üzerinde sonuçları olan yeni
teknolojilerin ortaya çıkması, yeni etik güçlükler
A) Kambur durmak, vücudunuzun bir bütün
doğurur.
olarak işleyişini kısıtlar, ki bu da ağrılara yol
açabilir ve sizi yaralanmalara karşı daha hassas B) Toplumsal değerlerin ve teknolojik
bir hâle getirebilir. gelişmelerin zamanla değişmesinden dolayı, yeni
teknolojilerin ortaya çıkması ve halk sağlığı
B) Kambur durmak, vücudunuzun bir bütün
üzerinde sonuçlar doğurması, yeni etik güçlüklere
olarak işleyişini kısıtlamakla kalmayıp aynı
yol açar.
zamanda ağrılara neden olabilir ve sizi
yaralanmalara karşı daha hassas bir hâle C) Toplumsal değerler ve teknolojik gelişmeler
getirebilir. zaman içinde değiştiği için, ne zaman halk sağlığı
üzerinde sonuçları olan yeni teknolojiler ortaya
C) Kambur durmak, vücudunuzun bir bütün
çıksa, yeni etik güçlükler oluşur.
olarak işleyişini kısıtladığından ağrılara yol açarak
sizi yaralanmalara karşı daha hassas bir hâle D) Halk sağlığı üzerinde sonuçlar doğuran yeni
getirebilir. teknolojiler ortaya çıktığı zaman yeni etik
zorluklar oluşur, çünkü toplumsal değerler ve
D) Kambur durmak, vücudunuzun bir bütün
teknolojik gelişmeler zaman içerisinde değişir.
olarak işleyişini kısıtlayarak ağrılara sebep
olmanın yanı sıra sizi yaralanmalara karşı daha E) Zaman içerisinde değişen toplumsal değerler
hassas bir hâle getirebilir. ve teknolojik gelişmeler yüzünden, halk sağlığı
üzerinde sonuçlar doğuran yeni teknolojiler, yeni
E) Kambur durmak, vücudunuzun bir bütün
etik zorlukları da beraberinde getirir.
olarak işleyişini kısıtlar ve bu durum ağrılara yol
açıp sizi yaralanmalara karşı daha hassas bir hâle
getirebilir.

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44. Most drugs used for the treatment of 45. Cognitive science, which studies mental
bacterial infections can be categorised according processes such as reasoning, memory, and
to their principal mechanism of action. perception, has an interdisciplinary approach
that includes fields such as psychology,
A) Çoğu ilaç başlıca etki mekanizmalarına göre
linguistics, and neurology.
sınıflandırılıp bakteriyel enfeksiyonların
tedavisinde kullanılır. A) Bilişsel bilim; muhakeme, hafıza ve algı gibi
zihinsel süreçleri araştırır ve bu bilimin psikoloji,
B) Bakteriyel enfeksiyonların tedavisinde
dil bilimi ve nöroloji gibi alanları içeren disiplinler
kullanılan çoğu ilaç başlıca etki mekanizmalarına
arası bir yaklaşımı vardır.
göre sınıflandırılabilir.
B) Muhakeme, hafıza ve algı gibi zihinsel süreçleri
C) Başlıca etki mekanizmalarına göre
inceleyen bilişsel bilim: psikoloji, dil bilimi ve
sınıflandırılan çoğu ilaç bakteriyel enfeksiyonların
nöroloji gibi alanları içeren disiplinler arası bir
tedavisinde kullanılır.
yaklaşıma sahiptir.
D) Bakteriyel enfeksiyonları tedavi ederken çoğu
C) Psikoloji, dil bilimi ve nöroloji gibi alanları
ilacı başlıca etki mekanizmalarına göre
içeren bilişsel bilim, disiplinler arası bir yaklaşım
sınıflandırmak gerekir.
ile muhakeme, hafıza ve algı gibi zihinsel süreçleri
E) Çoğu ilaç başlıca etki mekanizmalarına göre inceler.
sınıflandırıldıktan sonra bakteriyel enfeksiyonları
D) Muhakeme, hafıza ve algı gibi zihinsel süreçleri
tedavi etmek için kullanılabilir.
araştıran bilişsel bilim, disiplinler arası bir
yaklaşıma sahiptir ve psikoloji, dil bilimi ve
nöroloji gibi alanları içerir.

E) Psikoloji, dil bilimi ve nöroloji gibi alanları

içeren ve disiplinler arası bir yaklaşıma sahip olan
bilişsel bilim; muhakeme, hafıza ve algı gibi
zihinsel süreçleri inceler.

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46. During digestion, your brain takes into 47. If the brain perceives an alarming or
account the nutrients in foods, your digestive annoying sound, that leads to an increase in
hormones, and your level of activity while stress hormones that help us avoid possible
deciding when calories taken are to be used. dangers.

A) Sindirim esnasında, beyniniz yiyeceklerdeki A) Beyin, uyarıcı ya da rahatsız edici bir ses
besinleri, sindirim hormonlarınızı ve aktivite algıladığında bu durum, stres hormonlarında bir
seviyenizi hesaba katarak alınan kalorilerin ne artışa yol açarak olası tehlikelerden kaçınmamızı
zaman kullanılacağına karar verir. sağlar.

B) Sindirim esnasında, beyniniz alınan kalorilerin B) Beyin, uyarıcı ya da rahatsız edici bir ses
ne zaman kullanılacağına karar verirken algılarsa, stres hormonlarındaki artış, olası
yiyeceklerdeki besinleri, sindirim hormonlarınızı tehlikelerden kaçınmamızı sağlar.
ve aktivite seviyenizi hesaba katar.
C) Eğer beyin uyarıcı ya da rahatsız edici bir ses
C) Beyniniz alınan kalorilerin ne zaman algılarsa bu durum, olası tehlikelerden
kullanılacağına, yiyeceklerdeki besinleri, sindirim kaçınmamızı sağlar ve stres hormonlarında bir
hormonlarınızı ve aktivite seviyenizi hesaba artışa sebep olur.
katarak sindirim esnasında karar verir.
D) Eğer beyin uyarıcı ya da rahatsız edici bir ses
D) Beyniniz, sindirim sırasında, alınan kalorilerin algılarsa bu durum, olası tehlikelerden
ne zaman kullanılacağına karar verebilmek için kaçınmamızı sağlayan stres hormonlarında bir
yiyeceklerdeki besinleri, sindirim hormonlarınızı artışa neden olur.
ve aktivite seviyenizi hesaba katar.
E) Beynin uyarıcı ya da rahatsız edici bir ses
E) Sindirim esnasında, yiyeceklerdeki besinleri, algılaması, olası tehlikelerden kaçınmamızı
sindirim hormonlarınızı ve aktivite seviyenizi sağlayan stres hormonlarında bir artışa yol açar.
hesaba katan beyniniz, alınan kalorilerin ne
zaman kullanılacağına karar verir.

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48-53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe 49. Sigara içmeyi çeşitli hastalıklarla

cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi ilişkilendiren yaygın kamu tanıtımlarına rağmen
bulunuz. milyonlarca insanın sigara içmeye devam etmesi
şaşırtıcıdır, çünkü sigara içenlerin kendileri de
alışkanlıklarının zararlı etkilerinin farkındadır.
48. Ağrı hafifletmeye ek olarak aspirin, beynin
vücut ısısını düzenleyen bölgesine etki ederek A) The fact that millions of people continue to
ateşi de düşürür. smoke despite widespread publicity linking
cigarette smoking to various diseases is puzzling
A) In addition to relieving pain, aspirin also
although smokers themselves are aware of the
lowers fever by acting on the part of the brain
harmful effects of their habits.
that regulates body temperature.
B) Smokers themselves are aware of the harmful
B) Besides relieving pain, aspirin acts on the part
effects of their habits, so it is puzzling that
of the brain that regulates body temperature,
millions of people continue to smoke despite
which helps it lower fever.
widespread publicity linking cigarette smoking to
C) Along with relieving pain, aspirin also acts on various diseases.
the part of the brain that regulates body
C) It is puzzling that millions of people continue
temperature and lowers fever.
to smoke because smokers themselves have
D) Aspirin not only relieves pain, but it also acts become aware of the harmful effects of their
on the part of the brain regulating body habits thanks to widespread publicity linking
temperature to lower fever. cigarette smoking to various diseases.

E) Aspirin relieves pain, and additionally, it lowers D) As smokers themselves have become aware of
fever by acting on the part of the brain that the harmful effects of their habits with the help
regulates body temperature. of widespread publicity linking cigarette smoking
to various diseases, it is puzzling that millions of
people continue to smoke.

E) It is puzzling that millions of people continue

to smoke despite widespread publicity linking
cigarette smoking to various diseases, because
smokers themselves are aware of the harmful
effects of their habits.

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50. İlk yardım setine erişimi olan yetişkinlerin ilk 51. Antidepresan ilaçlar uzun bir süre bunaltıcı
yardım kılavuzunun içeriğini ve tüm ilaçların ve duygulara neden olan ve kişinin doğru şekilde
ekipmanın doğru kullanımını çok iyi bilmeleri düşünme yeteneğini engelleyen ağır depresyonu
gerekmektedir. tedavi etmek için kullanılır.

A) Adults should know well the content of the A) Antidepressant drugs are used to treat severe
first-aid manual and the correct use of all depression that causes overwhelming feelings for
medications and equipment if they have access a long period and hinders a person's ability to
to the first-aid kit. think properly.

B) Adults with access to the first-aid kit should B) Severe depression causing overwhelming
know well the content of the first-aid manual and feelings for a long period and hindering a
the correct use of all medications and person’s ability to think properly needs to be
equipment. treated with antidepressant drugs.

C) It is necessary for adults with access to the C) Severe depression causes overwhelming
first-aid kit to know well the content of the first- feelings for a long period and hinders a person's
aid manual and how to correctly use all ability to think properly, so antidepressants must
medications and equipment. be used to treat it.

D) Adults having access to the first-aid kit need to D) Antidepressant drugs are used in the
know well not only the content of the first-aid treatment of severe depression that gives way to
manual but also the correct use of all overwhelming feelings for a long period and
medications and equipment. hinders a person’s ability to think properly.

E) The content of the first-aid manual and the use E) Severe depression, which causes
of all medications and equipment in the kit overwhelming feelings for a long period and
should be known well by adults who have access hinders a person's ability to think properly, is
to the first-aid kit. treated with antidepressant drugs.

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52. Vücuttaki en bol mineral olan kalsiyum, 53. Araştırmalar, direnç antrenmanı yaptıktan
kemikler ve dişlerin oluşumu ve korunması için hemen sonra protein içeceği tüketerek
elzemdir, ancak fazla sodyum ve kafein alımı vücudunuzun iyileşme yeteneğini oldukça
kalsiyum kayıplarına yol açabilir. artırabileceğinizi göstermektedir.

A) Although calcium, which is vital for the A) Research reveals that you can increase your
formation and maintenance of the bones and body’s ability to recuperate to a great extent if
teeth, is the most abundant mineral in the body, you consume a protein shake soon after
high intake of sodium and caffeine may lead to performing resistance exercise.
calcium losses.
B) As revealed by research, consuming a protein
B) Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the shake immediately after you perform resistance
body because it is essential for the formation and exercise helps you to increase your body's ability
maintenance of the bones and teeth, and yet, to recuperate to a great extent.
high intake of sodium and caffeine can cause
C) Research shows that by consuming a protein
calcium losses.
shake immediately after performing resistance
C) Calcium, the most abundant mineral in the exercise, you can greatly increase your body's
body, is essential for the formation and ability to recuperate.
maintenance of the bones and teeth, but high
D) According to research, soon after you perform
intake of sodium and caffeine can lead to calcium
resistance exercise, you can dramatically increase
losses.
your body’s ability to recuperate by consuming a
D) Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the protein shake.
body, and it is essential for the formation and
E) Research shows that the body's ability to
maintenance of the bones and teeth; however,
recuperate can be greatly increased if a protein
excessive intake of sodium and caffeine results in
shake is consumed soon after performing
calcium losses.
resistance exercise.
E) Calcium, which is essential for the formation
and maintenance of the bones and teeth, is the
most abundant mineral in the body, but
excessive intake of sodium and caffeine may lead
to calcium losses.

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

54-59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 55. If you find it hard to remember alarm codes,
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için hotel rooms, birthdays, or PINs, do not worry: it
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. is normal, because numbers are hard. They are
abstract, confusing, often arbitrary, and you
have got to get them exactly right. They are
54. There is no cure for cold sores caused by
essential to so many aspects of everyday life,
herpes virus infections. ----- There is evidence
but they are not easily memorable. ----- The
that some may also prevent future outbreaks.
first step might be to make numbers easy to say
They work by interfering with the replication of
aloud, activating your memory’s auditory loop.
the viruses, and are most effective when taken
Do what many companies do when choosing
as early in the infection process as possible. For
their telephone numbers and chunk digits into
the best results, drug treatment should begin
groups; use rhythm and make the most of
during the prodromal stage (when pain or
patterns.
tingling is felt on the lips) before blisters are
visible. A) However, there are things you can do to boost
your chances but first, you have to practise
A) During an outbreak of cold sores, salty foods
holding numbers in your short-term memory.
that irritate the sores should be avoided.
B) For example, 2 4 7 1 2 3 1 0 6 6 is easier to
B) Cold sores are fluid-filled blisters that usually
hold in your short-term memory if you chunk it
appears at the edge of the lips.
as 2 4 7-1 2 3-1 0 6 6.
C) However, there are antiviral drugs available
C) Short-term memory capacity varies from
that have some effect on lessening the
individual to individual, so if you have greater
symptoms.
capacity than others, you will memorise things
D) While anyone can be infected by herpes virus, faster.
not everyone will show symptoms.
D) Psychological studies have become
E) Some of the drugs used to treat cold sores can remarkably successful in enhancing short-term
be given intravenously or orally. memory thanks to various therapies.

From dates to barcodes, numbers are

everywhere, but you do not have to remember
them by heart, and you can simply try taking
notes.

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

56. Phlebography is an invasive diagnostic test 57. Vaccines that are intended to prevent
that provides a constant image of leg veins on a infectious diseases are normally made from the
fluoroscope screen. Phlebography identifies the organisms or close relatives of the organisms
location and extent of blood clots, and enables that cause the disease. ----- These include
the condition of the deep leg veins to be heating, treating with inactivating agents,
assessed. It is especially useful when there is a exposing to ultraviolet light or gamma radiation,
strong suspicion of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and using denaturing agents. A further option
after non-invasive tests have failed to identify when using an inactive vaccine is to use a part
the disease. Phlebography is the most accurate or subunit of the pathogenic agent. Here the
test for detecting DVT. ----- Accuracy is crucial bacterium or virus is disrupted and one or
since DVT can lead to a pulmonary embolism, a several of its component parts are used in the
potentially fatal condition. vaccine to which is added an adjuvant.

A) It is nearly 100% correct and specific in making A) Although vaccinations seldom have
this diagnosis. unintended consequences, they may sometimes
cause complications.
B) Phlebography is not used often, however,
because it is painful. B) In the former case, before the organism is
used as a vaccine, it is killed or inactivated by a
C) Phlebography takes 30-45 minutes, and can be
variety of techniques.
done in a physician's office.
C) Both types of vaccines benefit from stabilisers,
D) In some cases, a local anaesthetic is injected
but the killed vaccines are more likely to survive
to numb the skin at the site of the insertion.
at room temperature.
E) DVT usually involves the deep veins of the legs
D) The actual materials of the killed or live
or arms, but it can occur in other sites of the
organisms are either the proteins or complex
body.
carbohydrates.

E) Despite the ethical issues, vaccines remain one

of the most effective tools for controlling
diseases.

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

58. Catatonia, which is a state usually associated 59. The thyroid gland, in the lower part of the
with schizophrenia, is characterised by motor neck, normally produces a hormone called
immobility. ----- Catatonic patients exhibit a thyroxine. This hormone controls the rate of
disabling alteration of motor function and metabolism - all the physical and chemical
behaviour. This dysregulation of body and mind processes that occur in cells to allow growth and
is thought to be related to abnormalities in maintain body functions. When the thyroid
certain chemical messengers in the brain. These gland does not produce enough thyroxine, body
include the neurotransmitters glutamate, processes slow down. ----- They may also have
gamma-aminobutyric acid, and dopamine. trouble staying warm and may have other
symptoms, such as dry skin, dry hair, and a puffy
A) It is a strange problem in which people seem
face. By making up for the lack of natural
withdrawn from the world and appear stiff,
thyroxine and bringing the rate of metabolism
staring blankly and silently.
back to normal, artificially made thyroid
B) However, it was first described by doctors in hormone improves these symptoms.
psychiatric sanatoriums in the late 1800s.
A) Anyone who has had unusual reactions to
C) An exhaustive group of tests ranging from thyroid hormones in the past should let his or her
blood tests to MRIs of the brain may not even physician know before taking the drugs again.
provide evidence of the presence of the
B) Thyroxine is the principal hormone secreted by
condition.
the thyroid gland that increases the use of all
D) Medical care can entail supplying food and food types for energy production.
water through tubes into the veins and stomach.
C) The goal of thyroid hormone replacement
E) Those with catatonia due to illnesses such as therapy is to support normal growth and
depression or post-traumatic stress disorder will development.
respond to a class of medicines called
D) Thyroid hormones may also be used to treat
benzodiazepines.
goitre and certain types of thyroid cancer.

E) People with underactive thyroid glands feel

unusually tired and may gain weight even though
they eat less.

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

60-65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (l) Healthy weight management comes with
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü many advantages. (II) Among the proven benefits
bozan cümleyi bulunuz are a reduced risk of diabetes, less joint pain,
lower chances of certain cancers, and an overall
fitter cardiovascular system. (III) Some regimens,
60. (I) Researchers have noted that once an
particularly the Mediterranean diet, seem
adjustment disorder is diagnosed,
especially well-suited to deliver these
psychotherapy, medication, or both can prevent
advantages, though, as with all diets, only to the
the development of a more serious mental
degree that people can stick with them and avoid
disorder. (II) Effective treatment is critical, as
overeating. (IV) A small but rigorous study
adjustment disorder is associated with an
showed that restricting meals to a six-hour
increased risk of suicide attempts, substance
window led to better insulin sensitivity and blood
abuse, and various unexplained physical
pressure even without weight loss. (V) The only
complaints. (Ill) Patients with chronic stressors
successful diets, whatever the goal, involve
may require ongoing treatment for continued
permanent changes in eating habits.
symptom management. (IV) Clinicians do not
agree on the role of medications in treating A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
adjustment disorder. (V) While patients may not
become symptom-free, treatment can halt the
progression toward a more serious mental
disorder by enhancing the patient’s ability to
cope.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

63. (I) Sleep has multiple benefits for our bodies

and brains, a fact which also helps to explain why
61. (I) Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a we sleep. (II) For example, sleep is important for
neurological or nervous system disorder causing the production of certain hormones, such as the
discomfort and abnormal sensations throughout growth hormone, which, among other things,
the legs. (Il) To counter mild symptoms, a doctor stimulates the regeneration of damaged and
may recommend lifestyle changes and, for severe dying cells. (Ill) Teenagers typically need around
cases, medication. (Ill) For some, the sensations 8 to 10 hours of sleep, while adults can function
may feel as though insects are creeping on or in perfectly well on 6 hours of sleep. (IV) Sleep also
their legs. (IV) People with RLS feel a strong urge allows us to restore, retune and finely balance
to move, stretch, flex, or shake their limbs to certain physiological processes within our bodies.
ease the discomfort. (V) This restlessness may (V) An example of this is the 2013 finding by
prevent them from sitting comfortably for researchers at the University of Rochester, New
extended periods of time. York, that the toxins which build up in our brains
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V during waking hours are flushed out of the brain
during sleep.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

64. (I) Antibiotics are used for treatment or 65. (I) The different types of jobs that laboratory
prevention of bacterial infections, and in most technicians have and the skills required for these
cases, they are prescribed for a short period of jobs can vary tremendously. (II) Almost all
time to treat a specific infection. (II) This period beginner laboratory technicians receive
may range from 3 days to 10 days or more, but additional on-the-job training, and laboratory
more serious infections may require longer technicians should expect to continue updating
periods of treatment, up to several months or their education as technology advances. (Ill) For
longer. (Ill) All antibiotics cause risk of example, a laboratory technician working on a
overgrowth by non-susceptible bacteria. (IV) In research project might operate an electron
both cases, antibiotics should be used as microscope or make behavioural observations of
prescribed. (V) Not completing a prescribed animals. (IV) In a clinical laboratory, a laboratory
course of treatment increases the probability technician may examine blood samples for cell
that drug-resistant strains of organisms will counts, examine tissue samples for parasites or
develop. test fluids for chemical contaminants. (V) In
another setting like industrial production
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
environments, laboratory technicians may
conduct product quality tests and monitor
product quality control.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

66-68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 67. It is understood from the passage that
cevaplayınız. certain types of lesions and carcinomas -----.

A) cannot be destroyed with cryotherapy

Cryotherapy is a technique that uses an
extremely cold liquid or instrument to freeze and B) are expected to heal quickly after cryotherapy
destroy abnormal skin cells that require removal. C) may continue to grow despite the application
It can be employed to destroy a variety of benign of cryotherapy
skin growths, such as warts, pre-cancerous
lesions, and malignant lesions. The goal of D) are frozen before the surgical operation
cryotherapy is to freeze and destroy targeted
E) can be the outcome of cryotherapy
skin growths while preserving the surrounding
skin from injury. Cryotherapy is not
recommended for certain areas of the body
because of the danger of destruction of tissue or
unacceptable scarring. Lesions that are suspected
or known to be malignant melanoma should not
be treated with cryotherapy, but should instead
be removed surgically. Similarly, carcinomas that
have reappeared at the site of a previously
treated tumour should also be removed
surgically. If it remains unclear whether a growth
is benign or malignant, a sample of tissue should
be removed for analysis by a pathologist before
any attempts to destroy the lesion with
cryotherapy. Care should be taken in people with
diabetes or certain circulation problems when
cryotherapy is considered for growths located on
their lower legs, ankles, and feet. In these
patients, healing is poor and the risk of infection
can be higher than for other patients. 68. Which could be understood from the
passage?

A) Modern techniques of cryotherapy have been

66. When practising cryotherapy, it aimed to made widely available to dermatologists.
----.
B) Infection due to cryotherapy is more likely on
A) remove the malignant cells surgically as they the lower legs and feet although healing is very
will affect the surrounding cells quick.
B) clean off malignant skin growths in any part of C) There is some risk of scarring, infection, and
the body destruction of tissue if cryotherapy is
administered too early.
C) destroy tumours completely if there is an
existing circulation problem D) Cryotherapy must be carefully applied to the
certain parts of the body in some patients.
D) treat malignant melanomas when surgical
operation is not possible E) People with malignant melanomas and
carcinomas are at higher risk of infection after
E) get rid of the abnormal skin cells without
cryotherapy.
harming the surrounding skin

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

69-71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 70. According to the passage, new research
cevaplayınız. ------.

A) has compared the retinas of Alzheimer's

An Alzheimer’s diagnosis typically comes once patients with those of patients suffering from
symptoms like memory loss or cognitive and cognitive changes
behavioural changes have already started to
appear. But new research by Duke University B) has yielded inconclusive results, which makes
suggests that doctors may one day have a non- further research essential
invasive way to detect it earlier, opening up the C) has shown for the first time that the eyes are
opportunity for better treatment options. Using actually an extension of the brain
eye scans to compare the eyes of Alzheimer’s
patients to those of healthy people, researchers D) suggests a link between the blood vessels in
discovered that people with the disease had less the brain and those in the retina in terms of
dense retinal blood vessels and other retinal Alzheimer's symptoms
changes. The eyes are an extension of the brain -
E) has established that retinal blood vessels in
the small blood vessels in the retina and those in
Alzheimer s patients are denser than those in the
the brain share the same anatomical and
brain
physiological properties, so changes going on in
the brain are also likely happening in the retina.
The finding is a valuable development as it is
likely to make early diagnosis of the disease
possible for potential patients. The ability to
diagnose Alzheimer’s earlier would mean
candidates could be identified for clinical trials
studying new medications and existing treatment
options could be started sooner.

71. Which could be inferred from the passage?

69. It is pointed out in the passage that
conventional diagnosis of Alzheimer’s -----. A) Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s will stop the
progression of it before complete memory loss is
A) is based more on behavioural than cognitive
experienced.
changes in the patient
B) Any change that takes place in the brain will
B) takes visible symptoms into account to identify
always have an impact on the retina.
the disease
C) The changes in the retina occur long after the
C) enables doctors to slow down the memory
symptoms of memory loss appear.
loss to a great extent if the disease is in its early
stages D) Candidates for clinical trials studying new
medications are chosen among those who have
D) takes into consideration the number of blood
already undergone existing treatment methods.
vessels in the patient's brain
E) Diagnosing Alzheimer’s earlier can help
E) helps patients to cope with cognitive and
doctors better address the symptoms of the
behavioural changes through effective early
disease.
treatment options

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

72-74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 73. According to the passage, microglial cells
cevaplayınız. -----.

A) were overactive in only 31 of the patients

Patients with fibromyalgia must endure chronic observed in recent studies
pain, and it is still not known exactly why. But
Swedish and US scientists might find out how the B) are a vital part of the brain's immune system
disease is caused. Fibromyalgia is characterised C) are only responsible for removing alien
by chronic pain in several parts of the body, microorganisms
concentration problems, fatigue, and headache.
Around 2% of the adult population has the D) are found more abundantly in women than
disease, and 90% of sufferers are women. New men
studies indicate that the disease is caused by an
E) are less active than astrocytes in the case of
inflammatory reaction in the brain that involves
fibromyalgia, causing patients to receive stronger
the support cells of the nervous system: glial
pain signals
cells. Scientists studied the activity of two types
of glial cells - microglial cells and astrocytes - in
31 patients, discovering that particularly
microglial cells were extra active. Microglial cells
play a central role for the brain’s immune system,
removing alien microorganisms, and more. In the
case of fibromyalgia, it seems that microglial cells
overreact, causing unnecessary inflammation.
Apparently, this can nerve paths that carry pain
signals more sensitive, so patients receive more
frequent and stronger pain signals from their
own nerves. A physiological explanation could
pave the way for new treatments and most of all
eliminate the prevailing suspicion that the
condition is purely psychosomatic, caused by
mental problems.
74. Which could be inferred from the passage?

A) New treatments cannot still provide help for

72. According to the passage, which of the fibromyalgia sufferers, contrary to what most
following is true about fibromyalgia? scientists think.

A) Its causes are well researched and B) The common perception is that fibromyalgia
documented. does not have a physiological cause.

B) Concentration problems are its top symptom. C) Fibromyalgia has been proved to be
completely psychosomatic condition by a recent
C) Ninety per cent of the females studied had study.
some variation of the disease.
D) More research into glial cells is necessary to
D) Fibromyalgia affects women more often than better understand them.
men.
E) Fibromyalgia is difficult to diagnose due to the
E) It is more common in Sweden and the US. variety of possible symptoms.

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

75-77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 76. According to the passage, anti-anxiety drugs
cevaplayınız. -----.

A) maintain their calming effect on a person even

Anti-anxiety drugs are powerful central nervous after abrupt withdrawal, without causing any
system depressants that are often prescribed to disturbances
reduce feelings of tension and anxiety, and/or to
bring about sleep. An individual taking central B) negatively affect a person for the first few
nervous system depressants usually feels sleepy days until the body adapts to its effects
and uncoordinated during the first few days of C) are more commonly prescribed to those who
treatment. As the body adjusts to the effects of have sleep disorders
the drug, these feelings begin to disappear. If the
drug is used long term, the body develops D) become addictive if high doses are taken from
tolerance, and increasing doses are needed to the beginning
obtain the desired effect of general calming.
E) pose extreme danger to the central nervous
Abuse of anti-anxiety medication can develop
system once the body develops tolerance
with prolonged use, as tolerance grows relatively
quickly. It is possible to become addicted to anti-
anxiety drugs even when they are medically
prescribed. A second cause of anti-anxiety drug
abuse is the use of these drugs combined with
other drugs, such as prescription pain medicines,
some cold and allergy medications. Withdrawal
from anti-anxiety can be dangerous if not done
under medical supervision. The safest method of
withdrawal involves a gradual reduction of
dosage. Abrupt withdrawal from these
medications can lead to symptoms including
increases in heart rate, blood pressure or body 77. Which of the following can be inferred about
temperature, sweating, hand tremor, insomnia, withdrawal from anti-anxiety drugs?
anxiety, nausea, and restlessness.
A) Withdrawal is not dangerous when the drug is
used with other drugs.
75. It is stated in the passage that anti-anxiety B) Patients are recommended to reduce the
drug abuse -----. dosage of the drug slowly rather than immediate
A) is not likely if the use of the drug is medically withdrawal to avoid certain health problems.
prescribed C) Withdrawal should be done immediately when
B) is the main reason for an early withdrawal the patient has reached significant levels of
from the medication tolerance.

C) usually occurs even if patients use the drug for D) After ending the medication, it is highly
a short period of time unlikely for a patient to suffer from anxiety or
insomnia again.
D) is a result of either addiction to the drug or its
use in combination with other drugs E) Individuals can safely undergo unsupervised
withdrawals as long as there is no misuse of the
E) makes it necessary to stop all medications at drug.
the same time

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

78-80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 79. It is pointed out in the passage that in cases
cevaplayınız. of prolonged malnutrition, -----.
Anatomical age is the numerical assessment of a
child’s physical growth in relation to the A) the anatomical age of a child mainly falls
statistical average based on the child’s within the range of the previous two years
chronological age. Using statistical data, B) a child's anatomical age is the same as his/her
scientists have developed tables to illustrate the chronological age
growth patterns of children. These tables
describe the population of all children of a C) referring to tables that show statistical
certain age, with ranges for weight, height, and averages of children might be misleading
other physical characteristics. For most children,
D) even radiographs and X-rays of a child's bones
anatomical age is the same as chronological age.
may not help to make actual age assessments
However, when a child’s physical growth falls
outside the range of his/her chronological age, E) doctors may discuss findings about the
the child’s age is determined by his/her growth. anatomical age of children with their parents
For example, if a six-year-olds height and weight
fall within the range for five-year-olds, his/her
anatomical age will be given as five, not six years.
However, prolonged malnutrition can cloud
actual age assessments. In such cases,
radiographs, or X-rays, of a child’s bones are
taken and read by osteologists and radiologists.
Standardised growth charts and radiographs can
assess normal skeletal growth and determine
whether there are problems concerning growth
that is too fast or too slow. Because bone growth
is affected by calcium-regulating hormones, sex
steroids, and thyroid hormones, disturbances in
the endocrine system, which controls hormones,
can be detected.
80. It can be understood from the passage that
78. It is clearly stated in the passage that the anatomical age assessment -----.
anatomical age of a child ------.
A) is a standard procedure in identifying
A) can give parents an indication of their problems in the endocrine system
children’s future growth and can help prevent
any possible conditions B) might guide doctors in diagnosis of hormone
deficiencies in children
B) has been assessed when parents have serious
concerns about their children’s growth or C) is mainly used by doctors in addressing specific
physical characteristics disturbances caused by prolonged malnutrition

C) is determined by situating a child’s physical D) was originally developed to improve bone

characteristics in a table showing the average growth in children suffering from prolonged
growth patterns of children malnutrition

D) is used as an indicator of average weight, E) cannot be done for children over six because
height, and other physical characteristics of growth charts have been specifically designed for
children aged up to six the younger ones

E) has helped doctors foresee numerous

deficiencies that children develop before they
turn five or six

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 13 Mart 2022 İlkbahar YÖKDİL Sağlık Sınavı

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1.A 21.A 41.E 61.B

2.B 22.D 42.A 62.D
3.C 23.B 43.C 63.C
4.A 24.B 44.B 64.C
5.E 25.E 45.B 65.B
6.E 26.A 46.B 66.E
7.E 27.B 47.D 67.A
8.B 28.E 48.A 68.D
9.D 29.C 49.E 69.B
10.A 30.C 50.B 70.D
11.B 31.B 51.A 71.E
12.D 32.C 52.C 72.D
13.E 33.E 53.C 73.B
14.C 34.D 54.C 74.B
15.B 35.C 55.A 75.D
16.D 36.C 56.A 76.B
17.D 37.C 57.B 77.B
18.E 38.B 58.A 78.C
19.B 39.A 59.E 79.C
20.C 40.A 60.D 80.B

26