Integration

Integration Definition
The integration denotes the summation of discrete data. The integral is calculated to find the
functions which will describe the area, displacement, volume, that occurs due to a collection of
small data, which cannot be measured singularly. In a broad sense, in calculus, the idea of limit
is used where algebra and geometry are implemented. Limits help us in the study of the result
of points on a graph such as how they get closer to each other until their distance is almost zero.
We know that there are two major types of calculus –

• Differential Calculus
• Integral Calculus

The concept of integration has developed to solve the following types of problems:

• To find the problem function, when its derivatives are given.

• To find the area bounded by the graph of a function under certain constraints.

These two problems lead to the development of the concept called the “Integral Calculus”,
which consist of definite and indefinite integral. In calculus, the concept of differentiating a
function and integrating a function is linked using the theorem called the Fundamental Theorem
of Calculus.

• What is integration?
The integration is the process of finding the antiderivative of a function. It is a similar way to
add the slices to make it whole. The integration is the inverse process of differentiation.

• What is the use of integration?

The integration is used to find the volume, area and the central values of many things.

• What are the real-life applications of integration?

Integrations are much needed to calculate the centre of gravity, centre of mass, and helps to
predict the position of the planets, and so on.

Integration Formulas
Check below the formulas of integral or integration, which are commonly used in higher-level
maths calculations. Using these formulas, you can easily solve any problems related to
integration.
 Integration Examples
Solve some problems based on integration concept and formulas here.
 Basic Integration Problems
I. Find the following integrals.

1. (5 x 2 8 x 5)dx 2. ( 6 x3 9x2 4 x 3)dx

3 8 5 6
3. (x2 2 x 3)dx 4. dx
x x2 x3

3 5
1 4 3
5. ( x )dx 6. (12 x 9 x )dx
3 x

x2 4 1
7. dx 8. dx
x2 x x

9. (1 3t )t 2 dt 10. (2t 2 1) 2 dt

11. y2 3 y dy 12. d

13. 7 sin( x) dx 14. 5cos( )d

15. 9sin(3 x) dx 16. 12 cos(4 )d

x
17. 7 cos(5 x) dx 18. 4sin dx
3

x
7x
19. 4e dx 20. 9e 4 dx

21. 5cos x dx 22. 13e6t dt

II. Evaluate the following definite integrals.
4 9 3
1. (5 x 2 8 x 5)dx 2. (x2 2 x 3)dx
1 1

9 4
1 5
3. ( x )dx 4. dx
4 3 x 1 x3

2 1
5. (1 3t )t 2 dt 6. (2t 2 1)2 dt
1 2
 Solutions
I. Find the following integrals.

5 x3
1. (5 x 2 8 x 5)dx 4x2 5x C
3

3x 4
2. ( 6 x3 9 x2 4 x 3)dx 3x3 2x2 3x C
2

5
3 2x 2
3. (x 2
2 x 3)dx x2 3x C
5

8 5 6 8 2 3
4. dx 5x 6x dx
x x2 x3 x
5x 1 6x 2 5 3
8Ln( x) 8Ln( x) C
1 2 x x2

1 1
1 1
5. ( x )dx x2 x 2
dx
3 x 3
3 1
3 1
x2 1 x2 2 2 2 2
x x C
3 3 1 3 3
2 2

7 8
3 5
4 3
48 x 4 27 x 3
6. (12 x 9 x )dx c
7 8

x2 4 2 4
7. dx 1 4x dx x C
x2 x

3
1 2
2
8. dx x dx C
x x x

t3 3t 4
9. (1 3t )t 2 dt t2 3t 3 dt C
3 4

4t 5 4t 3
10. (2t 2 1) 2 dt 4t 4 4t 2 1 dt t C
5 3
 10
7
3y 3
11. y2 3 y dy y dy 3
C 12. d C
10

13. 7 sin( x) dx 7 cos( x) C 14. 5cos( )d 5sin( ) C

15. 9sin(3x)dx 3cos(3 x) C 16. 12 cos(4 )d 3sin 4 C

7sin(5 x) x x
17. 7 cos(5 x)dx C 18. 4sin dx 12 cos C
5 3 3

x x
7x 4e 7 x
19. 4e dx C 20. 9e 4 dx 36e 4 C
7

5sin( x) 13e6t
21. 5cos x dx C 22. 13e6t dt C
6

II. Evaluate the following definite integrals.

4
4
2 5 x3 2 188 8
1. (5 x 8 x 5)dx 4x 5x 60
1 3 1
3 3
9
5
9 3 2x 2 1026 22 1001
2. (x 2
2 x 3)dx x2 3x 200.2
1 5 5 5 5
1

9
9 3 1
1 2 2 2 2 20 40
3. ( x )dx x x 20 13.333
4 3 x 3 3 3 3
4

4 4
5 5 5 5 75
4. dx 2.344
1 x3 2 x2 1 32 2 32

2
2
2 t3 3t 4 44 5 57
5. (1 3t )t dt 14.25
1 3 4 1
3 12 4

1
1
2 2 4t 5 4t 3 7 254 87
6. (2t 1) dt t 17.4
2 5 3 2
15 15 5