TEST 4

LISTENING TEST
Part 1

You will hear some sentences. Choose the best reply to each sentence.

A
1 B

2 B

3 B

4 B

C
 A

5 B

6 B

7 B

8 B

C
 Part 2

Listen and complete the gap with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS OR/AND A NUMBER for
each answer

HIGHDOWN COLLEGE
Accommodation Office at the college 9___________________
Opening hours – term time:
Monday – Friday
9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
(Holidays: Monday and 10___________________ mornings only)
Emergency No. 11___________________
College Facilities
Learning Resource Center – over 50,000 library books 50 12___________________
Snacks (including sandwiches and 13___________________) – in The Hungry Café on the
first floor.
Hot meals – in The Food Hall on the ground floor next to the 14___________________
Pub Lunch – in the Students’ Bar

Part 3

You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about astronomy. For
questions 15-19, choose from the list (A-H) why each speaker decided to get involved in
astronomy.Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to
use.

A. I was inspired by an educational visit.

15.Speaker 1____ B. I was looking for an interest that would challenge me.
16.Speaker 2____ C. Astronomy can help improve life on earth.
17.Speaker 3____ D. It gave me the chance to be part of an online community.
18.Speaker 4____ E. My friends were already interested in astronomy.
F. I realised it was something I could do while travelling.
 Part 4

Write the correct letter, A-H, next to questions 19-23.

19.Pizza____
20.Electric vehicle charging station ____
21.Town Hall ____
22.Parking ____
23.Diner ____
 Part 5

You will hear three different extracts. For questions 24-29, choose the answer (A, В or C)
which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract.

Extract One: You hear two students talking about a work-experience scheme they took part
in.

24.Why does the girl regret her choice of company?

A. The office was poorly equipped.
B. The staff tended to ignore her.
C. The work lacked variety.
25.They both think that the work-experience scheme has
A. been good preparation for a future job
B. made them appreciate student life more
C. taught them a lot about the business world

Extract Two: You hear part of a discussion programme in which two journalists are talking
about the world's wetlands.

26.What does the man think about wetlands?

A. They would benefit from more visitors.
B. Their beauty is artistically important.
C. They serve only a limited purpose
27.What is the woman doing'?
A. explaining how easily wetlands can be restored
B. suggesting why wetlands are disappearing
C. describing the way wetlands are exploited

Extract Three: You overhear a woman showing a friend one of her childhood photos.

28.What point is she making about the photo?

A. It is an accurate portrait of her family life then.
B. It looks more posed than she remembers.
C. It perfectly captures a brief moment.
29.As a result of looking at the photo. she realises that
A. possessions acquire a significance beyond their practical usefulness.
B. it's a mistake to become too attached to objects.
C. objects from that era lasted longer.
 Part 6

You will hear a radio report about panic attacks. For questions 30-35, complete the
sentences.

PANIC ATTACK
People tend to have a panic attack when their brain tells them they
are in a 30___________ situation
The first sign of a panic attack is often an abnormal beating
of31___________
lt may be useful to keep a diary of any 32___________thoughts you
have so that you can analyse them.
You should not 33___________ from places that cause you to panic.
If you tense and relax all your 34____________ your whole body will
actively relax.
Holding a 35____________ to your face can help you breathe during
an attack.
 READING TEST
Part 1

Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere
in the rest of the text.

Sam Lounds didn’t use to know what to do with his life. He’s from Cornwall, an area in the
south west of England that offers few prospects for teenagers and young people. Apart
from working in the summer tourist trade – 1___________ is a popular holiday destination
– there isn’t much to do there. ‘I just used to hang out with my friends and in the end I got
into trouble with the police.’ Sam struggled to find a job after he was released from prison
at the age of 22. ‘After I got out, I couldn’t get a 2___________ because of my background.’
Charlotte Hadaway is also from Cornwall. She had a job with a holiday company, but that
didn’t work out and after that she was unemployed. Then she had a big fight with her
family and for some time she was homeless. She felt that her life was going nowhere and in
fact, she had given up making any plans for the future. But Charlotte and Sam, as well as
many other 3___________ people, have been given a chance to rebuild their lives. ‘Fifteen
Cornwall’ is a restaurant set up by Jamie Oliver, the famous chef, and he is responsible for
changing the lives of many teenagers and young adults in Cornwall. To be 4___________
the opportunity to work at the restaurant, candidates must live in Cornwall and be between
the ages of 16 and 24. They must not have a job or be in education. The people who were
interviewing the young 5___________ were surprised – they usually try to find the best
person for a job, but Jamie was asking them to find the worst! Many of the applicants had
dropped out of school or run away from home. Jamie has a vision – he wants to give hope
to young people who feel that they have no future. Both Sam and Charlotte say that
‘Fifteen Cornwall’ has saved their lives. They have become chefs and have excellent futures
ahead of them. They 6___________ to think they had nothing, but now they have
everything.
 Part 2

The people below all want to visit to an interesting city. Decide which city would be the
most suitable for each person.

7. You have just finished your business degree. You would like to relax in a clean, quiet city
which has a long history.
8. You have just finished your economics degree. You would like to visit a city that has a big
business centre and also offers traditional goods for the tourist to buy.
9. You and your seventy-year-old aunt share an interest in painting and buying valuable,
old objects. You would like to go to a city where they can shop easily and look at art.
10.You are studying international business. You would like to go to a city where the
inhabitants come from many different countries, which will give him the opportunity to
try a variety of food.
11.You and Mavis want to escape from modern life and go somewhere more traditional.
You would like to go on some long trips outside the city as well.
12.You are planning to travel round the world by train. You would like a book with pictures
and maps to take with you on your long journeys.
13.You used to love visiting France, but now you are too old to travel. You want a book with
lots of photographs which will help you to remember everything you enjoyed.
14.You are planning to go on holiday round Europe. You intend to drive their car and go for
walks, so you need a book with maps and pictures to guide you on your way.

A. Kadia. This busy city has developed beside the main river which divides the central
commercial district into two parts. Although you will find the main offices of many
international companies, you can still ride on a water taxi and visit the side streets which
sell colourful locally-made clothes and crafts.
B. The Travel Club. First-hand accounts of 30 of the world's most beautiful and dramatic
railway journeys are found together with specially drawn maps and wonderful
photographs that show the people and places on the route.
C. Noien. This is a cultural centre with 33 museums and galleries, many attached to
colleges and universities. It is not a historical city but it contains some interesting
buildings, including the Post Office, which has a silver roof. It has noisy markets selling
everything from antiques to plants.
D. Polatika. The streets of this city are full both day and night. It is built on a river and the
best way to see it is on a tourist boat which passes the beautiful old buildings. The city is
starting to grow and has just opened its first department stores.
E. Haristor. This famous city has been on the same site for over a thousand years. Old and
new exist together and there isn't the fast pace of most cities. The streets are wide and
well-kept with plenty of trees. Search carefully and you will find some outdoor markets
and food stalls in this peaceful environment.
F. Lotten. This is a regional centre for trade and tourism and is completely 'up-to- date'.
People who live in this city come from many different parts of the world and so there is
an excellent choice of restaurants. There is a wonderful transport system, and modern
department stores.
G. Foforon. There are plenty of tours to take from the city and visitors can go to mountains,
farms and villages. This small city has changed little over time and its streets and
markets are still crowded and noisy.
H. Quinter. There is a lot of modern painting and sculpture in this relatively new city where
many nationalities have come together. The galleries are well hidden though, and not
easy to get to by public transport. This is mainly used for getting people in and out of the
business centre, where there are many office blocks.
I. The Book of French Life. This beautiful volume contains forty wonderful photographs
that show the very nature of French life - the perfect gift for anyone who finds this
country as wonderful as Shirley Pike does.
J. Walks and Tours in France Explore spectacular and pretty France with 61 expertly
researched motor tours and 114 walks, complete with route directions, super mapping,
and descriptions and pictures of places of interest for the traveller.
 Part 3

Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.

There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.

List of headings
A. Further violence nearby
B. FIFA's response
C. Cancelling the cup
D. Legal action is taken
E. Violence at the core of Italian football
F. Not to blame
G. Violence in the news again
H. A widespread problem

15.Paragraph 1___
16.Paragraph 2___
17.Paragraph 3___
18.Paragraph 4___
19.Paragraph 5___
20.Paragraph 6___

Soccer Violence

1. Fiorentina's exclusion from the UEFA Cup after a match official was injured by a
firecracker thrown during their second-round match with Grasshopper Zurich in
Salerno brought hooliganism back in the media.
2. The Florence club are appealing against the decision, arguing that the object was
thrown by rival Salernitana fans and the ban would set a dangerous precedent. But
UEFA will have borne in mind that Fiorentina were playing so far away from home
 only because they had been banned from their own ground for crowd trouble in
Europe last season.
3. Whether Fiorentina have been hard done by or not, fan violence is a major problem in
the Italian game. Fighting before Sunday's 1-1 draw between Bologna and Roma left
eight people in hospital, two with stab wounds. After the game a Roma supporters'
bus was stoned and set on fire.
4. But Italy is not the only country suffering from what used to be called "the English
disease". At the weekend police in Bucharest fired tear-gas and made 20 arrests after
a pitch invasion at the Steaua-Dinamo derby, reflecting a marked growth in
hooliganism in Romania. The Greek first division match between PAOK Thessaloniki
and Olympiakos Piraeus last week was abandoned after one of the linesmen was left
concussed by home fans furious at a disallowed goal, a decision which brought 10,000
people on to the streets of Salonika in protest.
5. In neighbouring Albania, Skenderbeu Korce were fined and docked three points last
month after a brawl involving players, fans and the referee.
6. Hooliganism is taking its toll on the South American game too. An Argentinian judge
suspended all second division matches this month in an effort to combat rising
violence. The same judge halted the first division for two weeks in May for the same
reason.
Part 4

Read the following text for questions 21-29

An Introduction to Film Sound

Though we might think of film as an essentially visual experience, we really cannot afford to
underestimate the importance of film sound. A meaningful sound track is often as
complicated as the image on the screen, and is ultimately just as much the responsibility of
the director. The entire sound track consists of three essential ingredients: the
human voice, sound effects and music. These three tracks must be mixed and balanced so
as to produce the necessary emphases which in turn create desired effects.
Topics which essentially refer to the three previously mentioned tracks are discussed
below. They include dialogue, synchronous and asynchronous sound effects, and music.

Let us start with dialogue. As is the case with stage drama, dialogue serves to tell the story
and expresses feelings and motivations of characters as well. Often with film
characterization the audience perceives little or no difference between the character and
the actor. Thus, for example, the actor Humphrey Bogart is the character Sam Spade; film
personality and life personality seem to merge. Perhaps this is because the very texture of
a performer's voice supplies an element of character.
When voice textures fit the performer's physiognomy and gestures, a whole and very
realistic persona emerges. The viewer sees not an actor working at his craft, but another
human being struggling with life. It is interesting to note that how dialogue is used and the
very amount of dialogue used varies widely among films. For example, in the highly
successful science-fiction film 2001, little dialogue was evident, and most of it was banal and
of little intrinsic interest. In this way the film-maker was able to portray what Thomas
Sobochack and Vivian Sobochack call, in An Introduction to Film, the 'inadequacy of human
responses when compared with the magnificent technology created by man and the visual
beauties of the universe'.

The comedy Bringing Up Baby, on the other hand, presents practically non-stop dialogue
delivered at breakneck speed. This use of dialogue underscores not only the dizzy quality of
the character played by Katherine Hepburn, but also the absurdity of the film itself and thus
its humor. The audience is bounced from gag to gag and conversation to
conversation; there is no time for audience reflection. The audience is caught up in a
whirlwind of activity in simply managing to follow the plot. This film presents pure
escapism - largely due to its frenetic dialogue.

Synchronous sound effects are those sounds which are synchronized or matched with what
is viewed. For example, if the film portrays a character playing the piano, the sounds of
the piano are projected. Synchronous sounds contribute to the realism of film and also help
to create a particular atmosphere.

For example, the 'click' of a door being opened may simply serve to convince the audience
that the image portrayed is real, and the audience may only subconsciously note the
expected sound.

However, if the 'click' of an opening door is part of an ominous action such as a burglary,
the sound mixer may call attention to the 'click' with an increase in volume; this helps to
engage the audience in a moment of suspense.
Asynchronous sound effects, on the other hand, are not matched with a visible source of
the sound on screen. Such sounds are included so as to provide an appropriate emotional
nuance, and they may also add to the realism of the film. For example, a film-maker might
opt to include the background sound of an ambulance's siren while the foreground sound
and image portrays an arguing couple. The asynchronous ambulance siren underscores the
psychic injury incurred in the argument; at the same time the noise of the siren adds to the
realism of the film by acknowledging the film's city setting.
We are probably all familiar with background music in films, which has become so
ubiquitous as to be noticeable in its absence. We are aware that it is used to add emotion
and rhythm. Usually not meant to be noticeable, it often provides a tone or an emotional
attitude toward the story and /or the characters depicted. In addition, background music
often foreshadows a change in mood. For example, dissonant music may be used in film to
indicate an approaching (but not yet visible) menace or disaster.

Background music may aid viewer understanding by linking scenes. For example, a
particular musical theme associated with an individual character or situation may be
repeated at various points in a film in order to remind the audience of salient motifs or
ideas.

Film sound comprises conventions and innovations. We have come to expect

an acceleration of music during car chases and creaky doors in horror films. Yet, it is
important to note as well that sound is often brilliantly conceived. The effects of sound are
often largely subtle and often are noted by only our subconscious minds. We need to foster
an awareness of film sound as well as film space so as to truly appreciate an art form that
sprang to life during the twentieth century - the modern film.

Questions 1-5 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D

21. In the first paragraph, the writer makes a point that

A. the director should plan the sound track at an early stage in filming.
B. it would be wrong to overlook the contribution of sound to the artistry of films.
C. the music industry can have a beneficial influence on sound in film.
D. it is important for those working on the sound in a film to have sole responsibility for
it.

22. One reason that the writer refers to Humphrey Bogart is to exemplify
A. the importance of the actor and the character appearing to have similar
personalities.
B. the audience’s wish that actors are visually appropriate for their roles.
C. the value of the actor having had similar feelings to the character.
D. the audience’s preference for dialogue to be as authentic as possible.

23. In the third paragraph, the writer suggests that

A. audiences are likely to be critical of film dialogue that does not reflect their own
experience.
B. film dialogue that appears to be dull may have a specific purpose.
C. filmmakers vary considerably in the skill with which they handle dialogue.
D. the most successful films are those with dialogue of a high Quality.
24. What does the writer suggest about Bringing Up
A. The plot suffers from the filmmaker’s wish to focus on humorous dialogue.
B. The dialogue helps to make it one of the best comedy films ever produced.
C. There is a mismatch between the speed of the dialogue and the speed of actions.
D. The nature of the dialogue emphasises key elements of the film.

25. The writer refers to the ‘click’ of a door to make the point that realistic sounds
A. are often used to give the audience a false impression of events in the film.
B. may be interpreted in different ways by different members of the audience.
C. may be modified in order to manipulate the audience’s response to the film.

Questions 26-29

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?
26. Audiences are likely to be surprised if a film lacks background music.
A) True B) False C) Not Given
27. Background music may anticipate a development in a film.
A) True B) False C) Not Given
28. Background music has more effect on some people than on others.
A) True B) False C) Not Given
29. Background music may help the audience to make certain connections within the
film.
A) True B) False C) Not Given

Part 5

Seed Hunting

With a quarter of the world’s plants set to vanish within the next 50 years, Dough Alexander reports
on the scientists working against the clock the preserve the Earth’s botanical heritage. They travel
the four corners of the globe, scouring jungles, forests and savannas. But they’re not looking for
ancient artefacts, lost treasure or undiscovered tombs. Just pods. It may lack the romantic allure of
archaeology or the whiff of danger that accompanies going after a big game, but seed hunting is an
increasingly serious business. Some seek seeds for profit-hunters in the employ of biotechnology
firms, pharmaceutical companies and private corporations on the lookout for species that will yield
the drugs or crops of the future. Others collect to conserve, working to halt the sad slide into
extinction facing so many plant species.
B

Among the pioneers of this botanical treasure hunt was John Tradescant, an English royal gardener
who brought back plants and seeds from his journeys abroad in the early 1600s. Later, the English
botanist Sir Joseph Banks – who was the first director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew and
travelled with Captain James Cook on his voyages near the end of the 18th century – was so driven
to expand his collections that he sent botanists around the world at his own expense.

Those heady days of exploration and discovery may be over, but they have been replaced by a
pressing need to preserve our natural history for the future. This modern mission drives hunters such
as DrMichiel van Slageren, a good-natured Dutchman who often sports a wide-brimmed hat in the
field – he could easily be mistaken for the cinematic hero Indiana Jones. He and three other seed
hunters work at the Millennium Seed Bank, an 80 million [pounds sterling] international
conservation project that aims to protect the world’s most endangered wild plant species.

The group’s headquarters are in a modern glass-and-concrete structure on a 200-hectare Estate at

Wakehurst Place in the West Sussex countryside. Within its underground vaults are 260 million
dried seeds from 122 countries, all stored at -20 Celsius to survive for centuries. Among the 5,100
species represented are virtually all of Britain’s 1,400 native seed-bearing plants, the most complete
such collection of any country’s flora.

Overseen by the Royal botanic gardens, the Millennium Seed Bank is the world’s largest wild-plant
depository. It aims to collect 24,000 species by 2010. The reason is simple: thanks to humanity’s
effort, an estimated 25 per cent of the world’s plants are on the verge of extinction and may vanish
within 50 years. We’re currently responsible for habitat destruction on an unprecedented scale, and
during the past 400 years, plant species extinction rates have been about 70 times greater than those
indicated by the geological record as being ‘normal’. Experts predict that during the next 50 years
further one billion hectares of wilderness will be converted to farmland in developing countries
alone.

The implications of this loss are enormous. Besides providing staple food crops, plants are a source
of many machines and the principal supply of fuel and building materials in many parts of the world.
They also protect soil and help regulate the climate. Yet, across the globe, plant species are being
driven to extinction before their potential benefits are discovered.

The world Conservation Union has listed 5,714 threatened species is sure to be much higher. In the
UK alone, 300 wild plant species are classified as endangered. The Millennium Seed Bank aims to
ensure that even if a plant becomes extinct in the wild, it won’t be lost forever. Stored seeds can be
used the help restore damaged or destroyed the environment or in scientific research to find new
benefits for society- in medicine, agriculture or local industry- that would otherwise be lost.
H

Seed banks are an insurance policy to protect the world’s plant heritage for the future, explains Dr
Paul Smith, another Kew seed hunter. “Seed conservation techniques were originally developed by
farmers,” he says. “Storage is the basis what we do, conserving seeds until you can use them just as
in farming,” Smith says there’s no reason why any plant species should become extinct, given
today’s technology. But he admits that the biggest challenge is finding, naming and categorizing all
the world’s plants. And someone has to gather these seeds before it’s too late. “There aren’t a lot of
people out there doing this,” he says. “The key is to know the flora from a particular area, and that
knowledge takes years to acquire.”

There are about 1,470 seedbanks scattered around the globe, with a combined total of 5.4 million
samples, of which perhaps two million are distinct non-duplicates. Most preserve genetic material
for agriculture use in order to ensure crop diversity; others aim to conserve wild species, although
only 15 per cent of all banked plants is wild.

Many seed banks are themselves under threat due to a lack of funds. Last year, Imperial College,
London, examined crop collections from 151 countries and found that while the number of plant
samples had increased in two-thirds of the countries, the budget had been cut in a quarter and
remained static in another 35 per cent. The UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization and the
Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research has since set up the Global Conservation
Trust, which aims to raise the US $260 million to protect seed banks in perpetuity.

Write your answers in boxes 30-33 on your answer sheet.

Some people collect seeds for the purpose of protecting certain species from
30………………………; others collect seeds for their ability to produce 31………………………..
They are called seed hunters. The 32………………………. Of them included both gardeners and
botanists, such as 33…………………….., who financially supported collectors out of his own
pocket.

Questions 25-26 Choose the correct letter, A-E.

Which TWO of the following are provided by plants to the human?

A food

B fuels

C clothes

D energy

E commercial products
 WRITING

TASK 1

You are taking a course at a local college. The deadline for your project was last week but
you haven't finished it.

Write a letter to your lecturer. In your letter

 introduce yourself
 explain why you haven't handed in the project yet
 request more time to do it.

Model answer

Dear Ms. McKeen,

My name is Leo Smith and I am a first-year student in your Marketing class at Capilano
College. I am writing to you because I have a problem with the project you set about social
media. The due date was last week but I'm afraid I haven't finished it yet. As you know, I
have been absent from class for almost ten days with COVID-19 symptoms and I have not
been attending lectures. I only managed to get the reading list from a friend and go to the
library to do research yesterday. You will see from your records that I have never missed a
deadline for an assignment so far during my course.

However, I am requesting an extension of one week in this case because I am so behind

with my work. I hope you will take my illness into consideration and grant me an extension.

Yours sincerely,
Leo Smith

(155 words)

19 t.me/Abdusalim_Shavkatov_2 | tel: (94) 165 48 58

 TASK 2

Some people believe that a person's culture is defined by their country of origin, while
others believe that has only a minor influence.

Discuss both these views and give your opinion.

Model answer

If we define culture as shared beliefs, values, attitudes and behaviours, it stands to reason
then that a person's country of origin impacts their culture. The question is to what degree.
Is nationality the defining influence or is it just one of many factors in play? Personally
speaking, I would say both arguments have validity, but I would lean towards the latter.

It is easy to understand the ‘defining influence’ argument. If someone is born and raised in
a place, they will be heavily influenced by it. Psychologists refer to this as the ‘nurture
argument’ - you are a product of your environment. For example, if your country's cuisine
uses certain ingredients, your palate gets accustomed to those ingredients, but may
struggle with other less familiar flavours. If your country has a traditional style of music,
say, reggae or rock, all citizens will be exposed to it and, as a result, are more likely to enjoy
it.

On the other side of the argument we need to consider the effects of globalisation. Most
people have daily access and exposure to other cultures. The evidence is all around us-
restaurants, films and foreign businesses are ubiquitous. One of the benefits of
globalisation is that it offers us a selection of cultural possibilities to choose from. It is
unlikely that you will find any citizen of a certain country who does not have likes or
preferences that come from outside of their country of origin. In addition, more and more
people work, study or travel extensively away from their home country. Inevitably, these
people will be subject to new influences.

My own view is that while we are influenced by our nationality, in this globalised world,
one's country of origin is only one aspect of our collective culture. We all adopt elements
from other cultures on a daily basis, unconsciously or according to our preferences and
experiences. To my mind, this is what makes the world such an interesting place.

(328 words)

20 t.me/Abdusalim_Shavkatov_2 | tel: (94) 165 48 58