Short questions of Learning Android Application Main Building Blocks

1. What is an activity in the context of Android applications?

An activity in Android is typically a single screen that the user interacts with on
their device. Applications consist of multiple activities, allowing users to navigate
between different screens.

2. How does the concept of activities in Android relate to websites?

Activities in Android are analogous to pages on a website. Just as a website has
multiple pages, an Android application has multiple activities. The main activity of an
app is similar to a home page on a website, usually the first screen users see upon
launching the app.

3. What tasks are involved in launching an activity in Android?

Launching an activity involves creating a new Linux process, allocating memory for
UI objects, inflating objects from XML layouts, and setting up the screen.

4. Why is it considered wasteful to discard an activity once the user leaves the
screen?
Discarding an activity upon user exit is wasteful because the operating system
invests resources in launching it, such as memory allocation and UI setup.

5. What role does the Activity Manager play in managing activities?

The Activity Manager, a service within the Android Framework layer, is responsible
for creating, destroying, and managing activities.

6. What are the callback methods invoked as an activity transitions from a starting
state to a running state?
The callback methods invoked are onCreate(), onStart(), and onResume().

7. What is the significance of the transition from the starting state to the running
state of an activity?
This transition is one of the most expensive operations in terms of computing
time, directly affecting the battery life of the device.

8. What is the significance of an activity being in focus on an Android device?

When an activity is in focus, it means it's the one currently on the screen and
handling all user interactions, ensuring a seamless user experience.

9. Why does the running activity have priority in terms of memory and resources
on Android?
Android prioritizes the running activity to ensure it runs quickly and remains
responsive to the user, enhancing the overall performance and user satisfaction.

10. What is meant by an activity being in a paused state?

 When an activity is visible on the screen but not interacting with the user, it is
considered to be in a paused state.

11. Why do activities typically go through a paused state?

Activities typically go through a paused state when something like a dialog box
appears in front of them, causing them to be paused en route to being stopped.

12. What does it mean when an activity is in a "destroyed" state?

A destroyed activity is no longer in memory; the Activity Manager has decided it is
no longer needed and removed it.

13. What actions can an activity perform before it is destroyed?

Before being destroyed, an activity can perform actions like saving any unsaved
information.

14. Why is it recommended to do important work, like saving unsaved data, in the
onStop() rather than onDestroy() callback?
It's better to perform important work in the onStop() callback because a stopped
activity can also be destroyed, and there's no guarantee of destruction from the
destroyed state.

15. What does the running state of an activity indicate?

The running state doesn't necessarily mean the activity is actively doing
something; it could be idle and waiting for user input.

16. What are intents in the context described?

Intents are messages that trigger activities, start or stop services, or facilitate
broadcasts among building blocks in an app.

17. What distinguishes an explicit intent from an implicit intent?

In an explicit intent, the sender specifies a particular component as the receiver,
while in an implicit intent, only the type of receiver is specified.

18. Can you provide an example of an implicit intent?

An example of an implicit intent could be sending a request to open a web page
without specifying a particular application to handle it.

19. What flexibility does this messaging system offer to users?

Users can replace any default app on the system with a custom one, such as
downloading a different SMS application or web browser to replace existing ones.

20. What determines which activity is in a running state on an Android device?

The activity currently on the screen and interacting with the user is in a running
state.

21. What does it mean when an activity is said to be in focus?

 When an activity is in focus, it implies that all user interactions, such as typing and
touching the screen, are handled by this activity.

22. Why does the running activity receive priority in resource allocation on Android
devices?
The running activity receives priority in resource allocation to ensure it remains
responsive and efficient for the user, making it zippy and quick.

23. What is meant by an activity being in a paused state?

When an activity is not interacting with the user but remains visible on the screen,
it is considered to be in a paused state..

24. How can a stopped activity be brought back to the foreground?

A stopped activity can be brought back to the foreground to become a running
activity again.

25. What determines whether a stopped activity is removed from memory?

The removal of stopped activities from memory is at the discretion of the Activity
Manager.

Android XML Layouts – A study of Viewgroups and Views for

UI Design in Android Application (Short Questions Answers)
1. What is Android XML Layout?
- Android XML layout is a file that defines the different widgets to be used in the user
interface of an Android application.
2. What is the main objective of Android XML layouts?
- The main objective is to provide a good design for the application's user interface.
3. Why are XML layouts kept in the "res/layout" folder?
- XML layouts are treated as resources, and keeping them in the "res/layout" folder
makes them easily accessible and manageable.
4. What is the hierarchy of views and viewgroups in Android UI?
- The User Interface in Android is a hierarchy of viewgroups and views, where
viewgroups are intermediate nodes and views are terminal nodes.
5. How is a layout file structured in Android XML?
- Each layout file must contain exactly one root element, and additional layout
objects or widgets can be added as child elements to gradually build the layout.
6. Name some standard layouts (viewgroups) provided by Android.?
- ConstraintLayout, AbsoluteLayout, FrameLayout, LinearLayout, RelativeLayout,
TableLayout
. 7. Explain the purpose of ConstraintLayout in Android UI design.?
- ConstraintLayout is used to position and size widgets in a flexible way, providing
better performance and easier maintenance compared to nested layouts.
8. Why is AbsoluteLayout deprecated in Android?
 - AbsoluteLayout requires specifying the exact position of each component based on
coordinates, which is challenging to maintain across various screen sizes.
9. What is the role of FrameLayout in Android UI design?
- FrameLayout is used as a placeholder to display a single view or block an area
where multiple views can be added.
10. Describe the characteristics of LinearLayout in Android.?
- LinearLayout organizes all children in a single row either horizontally or vertically,
and it creates a scrollable window if the content exceeds the screen length.
11. What is the purpose of RelativeLayout in Android?
- RelativeLayout displays child views in relative positions, allowing positioning
relative to sibling elements or the parent, providing flexibility in layout design.
12. How does TableLayout organize views in Android?
- TableLayout groups views into rows and columns, where each row can contain
multiple cells holding one view object each.
13. Explain the importance of layout attributes in Android XML?
. - Layout attributes define the appearance and behavior of layout elements,
providing control over padding, gravity, positioning, etc.
14. What are some common layout attributes shared by all layouts in Android?
- Attributes such as layout_padding, layout_gravity, paddingLeft, paddingRight,
paddingTop, paddingBottom, layout_x, layout_y, etc.
15. What is the purpose of XML-based layouts in Android development?
- XML-based layouts offer a flexible and readable way to define the user interface,
allowing developers to separate UI design from Java code and facilitating easier
maintenance.
16. How does XML facilitate Android UI development?
- XML provides a structured format for defining UI elements, supports drag-anddrop
UI tools, and allows separate UI code, making it easier for developers to design and
modify layouts.
17. What is the significance of using XML-based layouts for Android applications?
- XML layouts provide a standardized and widely-used approach for UI design,
enabling developers to create dynamic and user-friendly interfaces efficiently.
18. Name some commonly used views for Android app design?
. - TextView, EditText, Button, ImageView, ImageButton, CheckBox, RadioButton,
RadioGroup, ListView, Spinner, AutoCompleteTextView.
19. Describe the purpose of TextView in Android.?
- TextView is used to display text on the application screen and can also be edited
programmatically.
20. What functionality does EditText provide in Android?
- EditText allows users to input and edit text in an application, and it supports
features like password hiding and single-line input.
21. How is Button used in Android UI design?
- Button is used to trigger event handling on button click, providing interactive
functionality in the application.
22. Explain the role of ImageView in Android. ?
- ImageView is used to display images in the application interface, allowing
developers to incorporate visual content seamlessly
. 23. What is the difference between CheckBox and RadioButton in Android?
 - CheckBox allows users to select multiple options simultaneously, while RadioButton
allows only one option to be selected from a group of options.
≤ _______________________________________ ≥

Chapter 9 and 10 Android Architecture and Anatomy of

Android App
1. What components make up the Android software stack?
 The Android software stack comprises applications, an operating
system, runtime environment, middleware, services, and libraries.
2. What is the role of the Linux Kernel in Android architecture?
 The Linux Kernel provides a level of abstraction between device
hardware and upper software layers, offering core system services and
device drivers.
3. How does ART enhance Android application performance?
 ART translates bytecode into native instructions through Ahead-of-
Time (AOT) compilation, leading to faster application performance and
improved battery life.
4. What are examples of Android Libraries mentioned in the text?
 Examples of Android Libraries include SQLite, WebKit, OpenGL ES, and
Android Runtime.
5. How do C/C++ libraries interact with Java-based Android core libraries?
 C/C++ libraries serve as the underlying implementation for Java-based
Android core libraries, accessed through Java APIs.
6. What services does the Application Framework provide?
 The Application Framework provides services like Activity Management,
Content Provisioning, Resource Management, and Notification
Management.
7. What distinguishes native Android apps from third-party apps?
 Native Android apps are provided with the Android implementation,
while third-party apps are installed by users after purchasing the
device.
8. What are the primary goals of the Android architecture?
 The primary goals of the Android architecture are performance and
efficiency in application execution and design reuse.
9. How does the Application Framework support component reusability?
 The Application Framework supports component reusability by
enabling the creation of interchangeable and replaceable components.
10.What is the significance of understanding the Android architecture for
developers?
  Understanding the Android architecture provides developers with a
foundation to optimize application performance, utilize platform-
specific features, and design reusable components effectively.


11.What are Android Activities, and how are they utilized in app development?
 Android Activities are standalone modules representing UI screens and are
crucial for creating application functionality.
12. How do Android Fragments enhance app development?
 Android Fragments provide an efficient alternative to representing UI screens,
allowing developers to break down activities into smaller sections.
13.What is the role of Intents in Android application flow?
 Intents facilitate the launching of activities and define the flow through
different activities in an application.
14.What purpose do Broadcast Intents serve in the Android system?
 Broadcast Intents are system-wide signals used to indicate system status
changes and events to all registered applications.
15. How do Broadcast Receivers function in Android, and why are they
important?
 Broadcast Receivers respond to Broadcast Intents by executing predefined
actions and are crucial for asynchronous communication between components.
16. What are Android Services, and why are they valuable in app development?
 Android Services are background processes without a user interface, ideal for
executing tasks that don't require UI visibility.
17. How do Content Providers facilitate data sharing between Android
applications?
 Content Providers enable applications to share data by providing access to
underlying data sources such as databases or files.
18. What role does the Application Manifest file play in Android development?
 The Application Manifest file outlines application components, permissions,
and data providers, serving as a crucial integration point for various app
elements.
19. How does Android utilize Application Context during runtime?
 Android utilizes Application Context to access application resources and
modify the application's environment dynamically at runtime.
20. What is the significance of maximizing component reuse in Android
development?
 Maximizing component reuse through activities, fragments, and intents
promotes code efficiency and accelerates app development while maintaining
consistency across applications.

1.What is the purpose of the Android Manifest file in Android app development?
Answer: The Android Manifest file serves as a blueprint that defines various aspects
of the app's behavior, requirements, and interactions with the Android operating
system and other applications.
2.What information does the Android Manifest file provide to the Android
operating system?
Answer: The Android Manifest file provides essential information such as the app's
package name, version code, version name, permissions, components, intent filters,
and configuration details to the Android operating system.
3.What are the primary components defined in the Android Manifest file?
Answer: The primary components defined in the Android Manifest file include
activities, services, broadcast receivers, and content providers
. 4.How are permissions declared in the Android Manifest file?
Answer: Permissions are declared using the element, where each permission
required by the app is specified with the android:name attribute.
5.What is the significance of intent filters in the Android Manifest file?
Answer: Intent filters specify the types of intents that components (activities,
services, broadcast receivers) can respond to, enabling interaction with other apps
and the system.
6.How are activities, services, broadcast receivers, and content providers declared
in the manifest?
Answer: Each component is declared with a corresponding XML element (, , , ) inside
the element, specifying attributes such as name, label, and intent filters.
7.What is the role of the package attribute in the element?
Answer: The package attribute in the element identifies the unique package name of
the app, which is essential for the Android system to manage and update the app.
8.How are app permissions specified in the Android Manifest file?

Answer: App permissions are specified using the element, where each permission
required by the app is declared with the android:name attribute
. 9.What does the versionCode attribute represent in the element?
Answer: The versionCode attribute in the element represents an integer value that
uniquely identifies different versions of the app.
10.How is the launcher activity defined in the Android Manifest file?
Answer: The launcher activity is defined within an element with an containing the
"MAIN" action and "LAUNCHER" category, indicating that it is the main entry point of
the app.
11.What is the purpose of intent filters in the Android Manifest file?
Answer: Intent filters specify the types of intents that components can respond to,
enabling interaction with other apps and the system.
12.How are app components activated by intents?
Answer: App components such as activities, services, and broadcast receivers are
activated by intents, which are messages defined by intent objects that describe
actions to perform.
13.What is the significance of file attributes in file management?
Answer: File attributes, such as read-only, hidden, system, or archive, control how a
file is treated by the operating system and user permissions, contributing to proper
file management.
14.How are permissions enforced in Android applications?
Answer: Android applications enforce permissions specified in the Android Manifest
file to protect user privacy and security, ensuring that apps only access resources or
interact with other apps as authorized. What is the role of metadata in file
organization and searchability? Answer: Metadata provides additional information
about a file, such as author, keywords, or description, facilitating file organization,
searchability, and classification.

Android Manifes chapter 8 shorts

1. What is XML, and how does it differ from programming languages?
XML is a markup language used for structuring and describing data, while
programming languages are used for executing instructions and algorithms. This is
stated indirectly in the document where XML is described as a markup language.
2. What is the goal of XML according to Grant Allen?
Grant Allen defines XML as a language for exchanging data in a format that is both
human-readable and machine-readable. This is explicitly mentioned in the document
where Grant Allen's quote is provided.
3. How does Grant Allen define XML in a pragmatic manner?
Grant Allen defines XML as a tool for describing data in a way that is understandable
by both humans and machines, focusing on its practical utility. This is evident from
the quote attributed to Grant Allen in the document.
4. What are some key points about XML highlighted in the document?
Key points include XML's role in data exchange, its readability for humans and
machines, its use of elements and attributes for structuring data, and the importance
of namespaces for avoiding naming conflicts. These points are directly mentioned in
the document.
5. What is the purpose of the XML declaration at the start of an XML
document?
The XML declaration specifies the version of XML being used and the character
encoding for the document. This is explicitly stated in the document.
6. How are XML elements structured, and what is the significance of the root
element?
XML elements are structured with opening and closing tags, and the root element is
the top-level element that encapsulates all other elements in the document. This
information is provided in the document.
7. What are XML building blocks?
XML building blocks include elements, attributes, and namespaces, which are used
to structure and describe data in XML documents. This is described in the document.
8. What do XML elements provide for data?
XML elements provide a structured format for organizing and describing data within
an XML document. This is a fundamental concept of XML explained in the document.
9. What is the first, outermost element in an XML document called?
The first, outermost element in an XML document is called the root element. This is a
basic concept of XML mentioned in the document.
10. How are element tags enclosed in XML?
Element tags in XML are enclosed in angle brackets (< >). This basic syntax of XML is
described in the document.
11. What is the purpose of a closing tag in XML?
The closing tag in XML indicates the end of an element's content and helps define
the scope of the element. This is explained in the document.
12. What is an XML document?
An XML document is a structured text file that adheres to the syntax and rules
defined by the XML specification. This is a definition provided in the document.
13. What is the role of XML schema in describing data structure?
XML schema defines the structure, content, and data types allowed in an XML
document, providing a blueprint for valid XML data. This is discussed in the
document.
14. What is the significance of having only one root element in an XML
document?
Having only one root element ensures the document's well-formedness and
establishes a clear hierarchy for the data. This concept is explained in the document.
15. What does XML define the rules and syntax for?
XML defines rules and syntax for structuring and describing data in a standardized
format, ensuring interoperability between different systems. This is a fundamental
aspect of XML elaborated in the document.
16. How can XML values be represented within element tags?
XML values can be represented within element tags as the data enclosed between
the opening and closing tags. This is a basic concept of XML mentioned in the
document.
17. How are attributes distinguished from the data within XML elements?
Attributes are specified within the opening tag of an XML element and provide
additional information about the element, distinct from the element's data content.
This is explained in the document.
18. What is the significance of CDATA in XML?
CDATA in XML allows inclusion of character data that should not be parsed by the
XML parser, preserving its original format. This significance of CDATA is discussed in
the document.
19. What is the purpose of the URI specified in an XML namespace?
The URI specified in an XML namespace serves as a globally unique identifier for the
namespace, preventing naming conflicts and ensuring interoperability. This is
explained in the document.