1

1 A battery consists of four cells, each of e.m.f. 1.2 V, in series.

(a) Calculate the e.m.f. of the battery.

e.m.f. = ........................................... [1]

(b) The battery is connected in a circuit with four 12 Ω resistors as shown in the circuit diagram.

Calculate the total resistance of this arrangement of resistors.

resistance = ......................................... [3]

(c) Calculate the reading on the voltmeter in the circuit diagram.

reading = ........................................ [2]

[Total: 6]
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2 Two resistors of resistance 2.0 Ω and 3.0 Ω are connected in parallel.

Calculate the combined resistance of the resistors in this arrangement.

resistance = .............................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

3 The diagram is a circuit diagram that includes component X.

The electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the battery is E. The switch is closed.

The potential difference (p.d.) across the 30 Ω resistor is V30.

The p.d. across the 20 Ω resistor is V20.

The p.d. across component X is VX.

(a) State an equation that relates VX to V30.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State an equation that relates VX to E and V20.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]
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4 The diagram shows a circuit.

The electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the battery is 12 V.

Component Y has a resistance of 400 Ω.

In a brightly lit room, the resistance of component X is 350 Ω.

In a dark room, the resistance of component X is very large.

State the effect this will have on the p.d. across component Y.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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5 A student connects three identical lamps J, K and L in a circuit, as shown in the diagram.

Switch S1 is open and the current in ammeter A1 = 0.2 A.

Use words from the box to complete the sentences.

Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

the same increased decreased

The switch S1 in the diagram is closed. State and explain the effect on the circuit.

The current in ammeter A1 is ............................ because the resistance of the whole

circuit is ............................ .

The current in ammeter A2 is ............................ .

[Total: 3]

6 The diagram shows two resistors A and B.

(a) Resistor A and resistor B are connected in series.

State the value of their combined resistance.

................................................................................................................................. Ω

[1]

(b) Resistor A and resistor B are connected in parallel.

Compare the combined resistance when in parallel with the resistance of resistor A alone.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

7 Diagram A shows lamps in series. Diagram B shows lamps in parallel.

The lamps are all identical 6.0 V lamps. In each circuit there are three ammeters A1, A2 and A3.

Diagram A Diagram B

Each lamp has a resistance of 12 Ω.

(a) Determine the combined resistance of the two lamps connected in series.

resistance = ..............................................Ω [1]

(b) Compare the resistance of one lamp with the combined resistance of the two lamps in parallel.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

8 Diagram A shows lamps in series. Diagram B shows lamps in parallel.

The lamps are all identical 6.0 V lamps. In each circuit there are three ammeters A1, A2 and A3.

Diagram A Diagram B

(a) Compare the readings on ammeters A1, A2 and A3 in diagram A.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Compare the readings on ammeters A1, A2 and A3 in diagram B.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) State two advantages of connecting the 6.0 V lamps in parallel with the 6.0 V battery, compared
with connecting the lamps in series with the battery.

1. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]
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[Total: 4]

9 The diagrams show two different types of circuit.

diagram A diagram B

Both circuits can be used to light an area.

State two advantages of the type of circuit shown in diagram B with the type of circuit shown in
diagram A.

1. ..............................................................................................................................................

2. .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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10 Diagrams A and B each show an electrical circuit. Each circuit has two lamps connected to an
electrical supply.

diagram A diagram B

State two disadvantages of the circuit in diagram B.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

2. ............................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

11 The diagram shows a circuit with two lamps and three ammeters connected in series to a power
supply.

(a) The current shown on ammeter A1 is 0.6 A.

Complete the table with the values for the current that would be shown on the other two
ammeters.

ammeter current / A

A2

A3

[1]
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(b) The resistance of each lamp is 20 Ω.

Determine the combined resistance of the lamps.

resistance = .............................................. Ω [1]

(c) The circuit is changed. The two lamps are connected in parallel.

(i) Compare the current from the power supply with the current in each lamp.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Compare the resistance of one lamp in this circuit with the combined resistance of the
two lamps connected in parallel.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 4]

12 The diagram shows an electric circuit which is in a cool room.

(a) The temperature of the thermistor increases and the buzzer turns on.

State and explain how the increase in temperature affects the current in the thermistor.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Suggest a possible use for the circuit shown in the diagram above.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

13 The diagram shows a circuit.

Suggest a practical use for component X.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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14 A student uses a laptop computer. The student notices that the cable connecting the power adapter
for a laptop to the mains electricity supply is damaged as shown in the diagram.

(a) State the hazard of using mains equipment with damaged insulation.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Describe how a fuse protects a mains electrical appliance.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]

15 State the function of a diode.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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16 The diagram shows an electric circuit.

20 Ω 0.40 A

10 Ω

What is the potential difference (p.d.) across the LDR?

A 4.0 V B 8.0 V C 25 V D 50 V
[1]

[Total: 1]

17 Which statement is not correct for two identical lamps connected in parallel?

A The potential difference across each lamp is half the supply voltage.
B The remaining lamp still operates when one lamp is removed.
C They can be switched on and off separately.
D They remain bright if another lamp is connected in parallel.
[1]

[Total: 1]