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Design of Structures I - Unit 1 - Examples - 1

This document provides two examples of structural analysis calculations for beams. Example 1 involves determining loads, deflections, shear and bending diagrams for four beams supported by H-sections. Example 2 analyzes a fixed-free beam with a point load representing a block and tackle. Key results include: - Beam 1 has a trapezoidal UDL of 26.065 kN/m and Beam 2 has a triangular UDL of 20.003 kN/m. - For Beam 4, a 203x203x86 H-section would provide a deflection of around 10mm, and the maximum deflection is -9.724mm at 2.39m. - Moving

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Motlatsi Joseph
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17 views

Design of Structures I - Unit 1 - Examples - 1

This document provides two examples of structural analysis calculations for beams. Example 1 involves determining loads, deflections, shear and bending diagrams for four beams supported by H-sections. Example 2 analyzes a fixed-free beam with a point load representing a block and tackle. Key results include: - Beam 1 has a trapezoidal UDL of 26.065 kN/m and Beam 2 has a triangular UDL of 20.003 kN/m. - For Beam 4, a 203x203x86 H-section would provide a deflection of around 10mm, and the maximum deflection is -9.724mm at 2.39m. - Moving

Uploaded by

Motlatsi Joseph
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

EXAMPLES TO PRACTICE

EXAMPLE 1
You are required to do the following analysis, the following beams
supported on columns. The beams are all pinned.

As seen in the drawing there are 4 H-sections (E=206E6) placed vertically


supporting a Spandek roof. The Load of the Spandek roof is 2039Kg/m². All
the beams have a point load of 3KN, 2 meters from left to right. The long
beams are 4.78 meters, and the shorter beams are 3 meters.

2
EXAMPLE 1
Q1.1 Determine the UDL on beams 1 and 2:

Use the formulas:

Conversion: 2039 𝑘𝑔ൗ𝑚2 ≅ 20.003 𝑘𝑁ൗ𝑚2


𝑛.𝐿𝑥 𝐿𝑥 2 20.003×3 3 2
Trapezoidal = (3 − )= (3 − )
6 𝐿𝑦 6 4.78
𝑛.𝐿𝑥 20.003×3
Triangular = =
3 3

Answer:

Beam 1 (Trapezoidal): W= 26.065 KN/m

Beam 2 (Triangular): W= 20.003 KN/m

3
EXAMPLE 1
Q 1.2 Which H-sections would you select to ensure that the
deflection is as close to 10 mm as possible for beam 4:

• Answer:

• 203x203x86 H1

Q 1.3 What is the self weigh of the H-section you have


chosen (give answer in KN/m):

• Answer:

• 0.847 KN/m

4
EXAMPLE 1
Q1.4 What is the maximum deflection and the distance for Q1.5 Draw the shear force diagram for beam 1:
beam 4: answer:

• Answer:

• -9.724mm @ 2.39m

5
EXAMPLE 1
Q1.6 Draw the bending moment diagram for beam 3:

(use the same H section you have selected in Question 1.2)

Answer:

6
EXAMPLE 1
Q1.7 What would happen if you change “E” from 206E6 to 25E6:

Answer:

• Increased Deformation: A lower Young's Modulus implies that the material will deform more under the same load. The material
becomes more flexible, and it will experience larger displacements or strains when subjected to stress.

• Reduced Stress Resistance: The material's ability to resist stress (force applied per unit area) decreases. It will be more prone to
deformation and may reach its yield point at lower stress levels.

• Increased Compliance: Compliance is the reciprocal of stiffness. A lower Young's Modulus means higher compliance, indicating
that the material is more compliant or less resistant to deformation.

• Changes in Structural Behavior: If the material is used in a structural element like a beam, reducing Young's Modulus can lead to
increased deflections and lower natural frequencies. This might affect the overall stability and performance of the structure.

• Potential Failure Risk: Depending on the application, a significant reduction in Young's Modulus could lead to an increased risk of
failure, especially if the material is subjected to loads that it was originally designed to withstand.

7
EXAMPLE 2
You are required to do the following analysis; the following
beam is supported on the one side as fixed and the other
side as free. The free side does have a stopper but doesn’t
affect the overall weight of the beam.

The block and tackle has a self weight of 315kg/m2, the


dimensions are width 0.80m x height 0.85m. Convert the
block and tackle into a point load with correct unit. Elastic
Modulus is 206E6.

8
EXAMPLE 2
Q2.1 Determine the Point Load of the block and
tackle:

Conversion: 315 𝑘𝑔ൗ𝑚2 ≅ 2.101𝑘𝑁


315 × 0.85 × 0.8 = 214.2𝑘𝑔

214.2 × 9.81
= 2.101𝑘𝑁
1000

9
EXAMPLE 2
Q2.2 Select a beam that has a maximum deflection of
-8.00mm:

Answer:

I-beam (Web Vert) 356x171x51

D max = -8.449mm @ 0.00m

10
EXAMPLE 2
Q2.3 Using increments of 1m where would you place
the block and tackle to have the least amount of
Shear Force? What is the new Maximum Shear Value?

Answer:

5m (left to right).

Vmax = -2,485kN @ 5.00m

11
EXAMPLE 2
Q2.4 Moving the Point Load 5m has changed the
Deflection and Bending moment values, what is the
new Mmax and Dmax?

Answer:

Dmax = -1.327mm @ 0.00m

Mmax=-6.212kNm @ 5.00m

12

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