NAME: Marquez, Jerico L

YEAR: 1st Year

SECTION: BSARCHI 1C
A.Y: 2nd Semester 2023-2024

ASSIGNMENT

IN

AR 162
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2

AR. AURA BELLE T. RAZON, RMP, LPT

Instructor

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UNIT I
Architectural Design Process and Methodologies

1. Architectural Design Process

● Problem Formation: This is the key step to figure out and clearly stating the
problem that the design needs to solve. This part is super important
because it sets up the whole design process.

● Data, Collection and Analysis: In architectural design, it's crucial to gather

key information and analyze it to get a handle on the project's
surroundings, limitations, and opportunities. This helps shape the design
process and methods.

● Data Abstraction and Synthesis: Taking the important stuff from the
gathered information and putting it together to help make decisions in
architectural design.

● Integration: Combining different elements, looks good and works well. It's
about making sure everything in a building or space fits together
smoothly, so it's both practical and looks nice. This process is important for
creating a design that's balanced and makes sense overall.

● Review and Evaluation: Continuously checking how the design is coming

along, making sure it meets the project goals and standards, and making
any needed changes. Then, putting the finalized design into action and
keeping an eye on how well it works after people start using it, with the
possibility of making improvements if necessary.

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● Implementation and Post Occupancy: Post-occupancy evaluation (POE)
is a key step in architectural design, focusing on assessing a building's
real-world performance and user satisfaction. This involves collecting
feedback through surveys and observations to provide architects with
insights for improvement. Implementation, where design plans come to
life through collaboration, and continuous feedback loops in both phases
contribute to successful and sustainable outcomes.

2. Architectural Programming: It occurs in the early stages of a building

project, involving research and decision-making to determine the
necessary features and requirements for the design. This phase focuses on
identifying the scope of work by defining functional and spatial needs,
providing a crucial guide for the subsequent design process.

3. Program Documents (Existing state, Future state):

Program Documents (Existing state): is the understanding the current situation

involves looking at various factors like culture, society, history, and more. This
analysis serves as a roadmap for future improvements, making sure the
program succeeds in its complex environment.

Program Documents (Future state): involves setting clear goals and a mission,
along with measurable performance standards and foundational concepts
that embody the project's vision. This strategic approach ensures a purposeful
evolution of the architectural design, drawing insights from an analysis of its
current state.

Parts of an issue-based program

● Issue - Anything that requires a design for a building project to succeed
for its clients and users, including issues, concerns, questions, topics,
proportions, or situations.
● Fact - Objectives are clear, specific, and can be measured or observed;
while their existence is factual, their interpretation relies on values.

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● Values - Various building types demand distinct design solutions for
common issues, shaped by the values of diverse users and the
requirements of different activities; processing design issues through the
perspectives of the client, user, and designer results in goal statements
outlining the desired qualities of the design.
● Goals - The desired end, or the direction of effort; project goals pertain
solely to the project's outcomes, influenced by the values of the designer,
clients, and users; mission statements encapsulate the overarching
purpose and the rationale behind undertaking a project.
● Performance Requirement - The measurable level of function a designed
object, building, or place needs to meet, serving as a more specific
criterion than a goal by focusing on functionality rather than a qualitative
aspect, while allowing flexibility for multiple physical solutions or concepts.

Required State Program:

● Design Philosophy
The architectural philosophy prioritises expressing the unique values of
a people or institution in a specific place and time by transcending
aesthetics, drawing inspiration from regional traditions, emphasising
efficient solutions, and integrating sustainability, ensuring a consistent
and harmonious approach rooted in the ethos and heritage of each
place, while adapting to societal, technological, and environmental
changes.
● Overall Design Concept
The state program's architectural design prioritizes functionality,
contextual integration, and sustainability to express the state's unique
identity. It draws inspiration from regional traditions, avoids
predetermined styles, and focuses on efficient solutions for narrative
conveyance. Emphasizing consistency, diverse inspirations, and
landscape integration, the concept is committed to design excellence
and sustainability, engaging stakeholders for a dynamic response
rooted in the state's ethos and adaptable to changing societal,
technological, and environmental dynamics

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UNIT II
Conceptualization Techniques of Architectural Design

● Architectural Concepts
The designer tackles the design situation outlined in the program as
their method for turning abstract issues into an actual building. It's the
way they take on turning ideas into something tangible.
● Functional Zoning
Functional zoning is a city planning approach where different areas or
zones within a city are designated for specific purposes or functions,
such as residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural, transportation,
recreational, and public use. This helps regulate land use, defining the
types of buildings and activities permitted in each zone.
● Architectural Space (Function, Form, Qualities)
Architectural conceptualization hinges on the interplay of function,
form, and spatial quality. It begins with a user-centered analysis of
functional needs, influencing spatial organization for efficiency.
Aesthetic expression, contextual integration, and innovative forms
contribute to the design's visual language. Quality of architectural
space, including light, ventilation, and emotional impact, is crucial.
Conceptualization involves balancing these elements, guided by
design thinking, resulting in designs that meet practical needs while
creating visually captivating and emotionally resonant spaces.
● Circulation and Building Form
Circulation routes play a vital role in architectural design, illustrating
how individuals navigate buildings or urban areas. The emphasis is
frequently on estimating the primary paths taken by most users,
simplifying the intricate network of movements. Architects classify
circulation into various types, including direction of movement, type of
use, frequency of use, and time of use, informing decisions according
to project requirements. This simplification aids in streamlining the
planning and design procedures, guaranteeing the creation of
effective and user-friendly circulation systems within buildings.

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 ● Response to Context
Contextual architecture refers to the comprehensive set of factors
influencing design decisions, whether aligning with or deviating from
them. One tangible definition of context is the physical environment
where a project is envisioned, whether it's a historical context or a
contemporary development. Two distinct design methodologies often
employed are integration with the surroundings or creating a standout
presence. This can be achieved through various levels of detailing. In a
broader sense, contextual architecture involves a response that aligns
with the established language of the immediate physical setting. It's
not mere replication but a thoughtful response, breaking the initial
image of similarity and introducing a perspective that adapts existing
elements, redefining them through a unique design lens.
● Building Envelope
The building envelope serves as the physical barrier separating the
exterior and interior environments of a structure. It consists of
components and systems safeguarding the interior from external
elements such as precipitation, wind, temperature, humidity, and
ultraviolet radiation. The internal environment encompasses
occupants, furnishings, materials, lighting, machinery, equipment, and
HVAC systems. The primary functions of the building envelope include
protection against temperature extremes, moisture (vapor or liquid),
dust, and wind. Ensuring durability, it must prevent the trapping of
weather elements within the walls, which could lead to deterioration
and decay. Early detection and remedy of such issues are typically
cost-effective.

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