8

Science
Quarter 3 – Module 2:
The Phase Change
 Lesson

1 The Phase Change

Matter has three states. The state of matter can be in the form of solid, liquid
or a gas. When matter changes its states, it is said to be undergoing a Phase Change.
This lesson on the Phase Change of Matter explains the changes taking place when
matter changes its state.

What’s In

Module 1 Lesson 1 talks about that matter is made of tiny particles. These
particles are arranged depending on its state. These tiny particles are moving all the
time and its movement differs in every state. Can the state of matter change into
another state? What happens when ice cream melts? What phase change is observed
when solid bathroom deodorizer changes from solid to gas?

What’s New

Phase Change
Matter occurs in three states such as solid, liquid and gas. When ice melts, it
changes its state from solid to liquid. This change of state is known as melting. On
the other hand, animal oil solidifies when cooled. This change of state from liquid to
solid is called solidification. Both melting and solidification are referred as Phase
change. We can see that there is a phase change when the current state of matter
changes into another state, and still retaining its original composition. When phase
change occurs, only the state of the substance is change but its chemical
composition is retained. What are some examples of phase changes?

5 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
Activity 1. What changes take place?

Objective: Identify the phase change in matter.

Procedure:

A. Answer the questions that follow. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
Lighted candle (Figure 1).

1. What is your observation about the candle

before it is lighted? How about during the
time the candle was lit? How about after
putting out the flame of the candle?
2. What state of matter is the lighted candle
when it melts?
3. What process takes place when solid state
changes to a liquid state?
4. How about when a liquid state changes back
Illustrated by: Lynnette C. Dua
to solid? What is the process called?
Figure 1. Lighted Candle

Letting wet clothes to dry (Figure 2).

5. What is your observation on the wet clothes

before exposure to the heat of the sun? How
about during the time of sun exposure?
Finally, after it was exposed to the sun?
6. What process takes place when a liquid state
changes to a gas state?
7. How about when the gas state changes back
to a liquid? What is the process called?
Photo credits: Lynnette C. Dua

Figure 2. Hang wet clothes

Toilet deodorizer (Figure 3) is placed in the

comfort room.

8. What is your observation about the size of the

toilet deodorizer based from the given
conditions?
A. Packed toilet deodorizer.
B. Unpacked deodorizer after 5 days.
C. Unpacked deodorizer after 15 days.
Photo credits: Lynnette C. Dua
9. What causes the change in its size?
10. What process takes place when solid state
Figure 3. Toilet deodorizer
changes to gas state?

6 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
Activity 2. Phase Changes Using the Particle Model of Matter
Objective: Explain phase changes using the particle model of matter.

Directions:

A. Study the illustrations below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

↑kinetic energy (KE): ↑temperature

liquid

solid

gas

Figure 4. Phase Changes (Increasing ↑ Temperature and Increasing ↑ KE)

A.1 Refer to Figure 4.

1. What happens to the arrangement of particles of matter in solid, liquid and

gas as the temperature increases? __________________________________
2. What happens to the kinetic energy of particles of matter in solid, liquid and
gas as temperature increases? __________________________________

↓kinetic energy (KE): ↓temperature

liquid
liquid

solid
solid

gas

Figure 5. Phase Changes (Decreasing ↓Temperature and Decreasing ↓ KE)

A.2 Refer to Figure 5.

3. What happens to the arrangement of particles of matter in solid, liquid and
gas as the temperature decreases? _____________________________________
4. What happens to the kinetic energy of the particles of matter in solid, liquid,
and gas as temperature decreases? _____________________________________

7 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
B. Describe the motion and arrangement of particles in each state as temperature
changes. Fill in the table with the correct answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper. Number 1 is done for you as an example.

Phase Change Temperature Motion (Kinetic Arrangement of

(increasing or Energy) particles
decreasing) (fast or slow) (very close, close
or far)
1. Melting
increasing fast close
(Solid – Liquid)
2. Evaporation
(Liquid-Gas)
3. Sublimation
(Solid-Gas)
4. Deposition
(Gas-Solid)
5. Condensation
(Gas-Liquid)
6. Freezing
(Liquid-Solid)

8 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
 What is It

Matter undergoes phase changes. The phase change is a change from one
state to another without changing the chemical composition of a substance. There
are six phase changes that matter can undergo.

Figure 6. Phase changes

Melting is the change of matter from solid state to a liquid state. When liquid
state changes back to a solid state, this phase change is called freezing/
solidification. Evaporation is changing matter from the liquid state to gas state, while
condensation is the change from the gaseous state to liquid state. When solid state
directly changes to gas without passing the liquid state, it is called sublimation. In
addition, deposition is the change from a gaseous state directly to solid state.

Increasing the temperature will result in the increase of kinetic energy

(motion) of particles and this will affect the current arrangement of the particles in
solid, liquid and gas. As the temperature and the kinetic energy are both increase,
the tiny particles move, resulting to a farther distance between the particles.

Decreasing the temperature will result in the decrease of kinetic energy

(motion) of particles, leading to a closer distance between the particles. The lower
the temperature and the kinetic energy, the closer the particles are together.

9 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
 What’s More

Activity 3. Fill me in!

Directions: Identify the phase change involved by filling in the blanks. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Liquid to (1) _______-

freezing

Liquid to (3) _______ -

Solid to liquid –
evaporation
(2) __________
Phase
Change

(4) __________to gas - (5) ________to liquid -

sublimation condensation

Gas to solid –
(6) __________

Figure 7. The Phase Changes

10 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
Activity 4. Phase changes in our environment!
Directions: Identify the phase changes shown in the picture. Make a presentation
on how water behaves in its states within the water cycle. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Illustrated by: Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 8. The Water Cycle

Answer:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Scoring Rubrics

3 – Discussions do not have misconceptions; with complete scientific evidence.

2 – Discussions do not completely show scientific evidence.

1 – Discussions do not show complete scientific evidence; with misconceptions.

0 – There is no discussion shown.

11 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

Phase change is the change of state of substance undergoing from one form
to another. The chemical composition of the substance is retained even when it
undergoes phase change.

Matter undergoes phase change due to the change in temperature. The higher
the (1) ______ and the kinetic energy, the faster the tiny particles move resulting to
the farther distance of the particles from each other. The lower the temperature and
the (2) ______, the particles move slowly leading to a closer distance of the particles.

As liquid water evaporates, its temperature (3) ______ and its kinetic energy
increases. As the water vapor in the form of clouds condenses, its (4) _______
decreases and its kinetic energy (5) ______.

When ice melts, its temperature increases and its kinetic energy (6) ______. As
liquid water solidifies, both its temperature and kinetic energy (7) ______.

What I Can Do

Directions: Read the text below and answer the question that follows. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Availability of potable drinking water is a problem today. Hence, we are not

sure if the water we are drinking is potable or not. What phase change can we apply
to have a safe drinking water? Write your own idea on how to make water
potable/drinkable.

Scoring Rubrics

3 – Discussions do not have misconceptions; with complete scientific evidence.

2 – Discussions do not completely show scientific evidence.
1 – Discussions do not show complete scientific evidence; with misconception.
0 – There is no discussion shown.

12 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
 Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which transformation process changes a solid state of matter to a gaseous

state?
A. evaporation
B. freezing
C. melting
D. sublimation

2. Which of the following processes changes a gaseous state of matter to a solid

state?
A. deposition
B. evaporation
C. melting
D. sublimation

3. Which transformation process changes a solid state of matter to a liquid

state?
A. condensation
B. evaporation
C. freezing
D. melting

4. What phase transformation occurs when clouds precipitate in the form of

rain?
A. condensation
B. evaporation
C. melting
D. freezing

5. What will happen to the kinetic energy of the particles of matter if the
temperature will increase?
A. decrease
B. increase
C. remains the same
D. neither increase nor decrease

13 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
6. What happens to the arrangement of particles of solid, liquid and gas as the
temperature of particles decreases?
A. Particles are becoming closer together
B. Particles move farther apart from each other
C. There is no change in the arrangement, it stays the same.
D. It becomes disordered and then changes back to become ordered

7. What conditions favor evaporation?

A. Increase of temperature and increase of kinetic energy.
B. Decrease of temperature and decrease of kinetic energy.
C. Increase of temperature and decrease of kinetic energy.
D. Decrease of temperature and increase of kinetic energy.

8. Which situations undergoes phase change?

A. cleaning of room
B. opening of tin can
C. melting of ice drop
D. chewing of bubble gum

9. What phase change takes place as ice candy solidifies?

A. condensation
B. evaporation
C. freezing
D. sublimation

10. Which of the following processes leads to the decrease in the movement of
particles?
A. melting → evaporation
B. freezing → sublimation
C. condensation → freezing
D. deposition → sublimation

11. Which of the following activities turns liquid into another state of matter?
A. boiling of water
B. stirring of lemon juice
C. pouring water in a glass
D. discarding used water in a sink

12. What phase change occurs in drying wet clothes?

A. condensation
B. evaporation
C. melting
D. sublimation

14 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
13. Which of the following phase changes needs a decrease in temperature and
kinetic energy?
A. solid to gas
B. liquid to gas
C. solid to liquid
D. liquid to solid

14. What happens to the arrangement of particles in mothballs once it is placed

inside the cabinet for a month?
A. The particles are freezing.
B. The particles are coming closer.
C. The particles are getting heavier.
D. The particles are getting farther apart.

15. What happens to temperature and kinetic energy of a substance when it

undergoes change of state from liquid to solid?
A. Both increases
B. Both decreases
C. Both remains the same
D. One either increase or decrease

15 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
 Additional Activities

Directions: Read the selection below, then answer the questions that follow. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Peter is a good basketball player. He loves to play every day. As he plays

basketball, he perspires a lot. After few minutes, his perspiration disappears. What
phase change takes place? What happens to his sweat?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Scoring Rubrics

3– Discussions do not have misconceptions; with complete scientific evidence.

2 – Discussions do not completely show scientific evidence.

1 – Discussions do not show complete scientific evidence with misconception.

0 – There is no discussion shown.

16 CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2
CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2 17
What’s New
Act. 2:B
B.
1. Melting Increasing Fast Close
2. Evaporation Increasing Fast Far
3. Sublimation Increasing Fast Far
4. Deposition Decreasing Slow Very close
5. Condensation Decreasing Slow Close
6. Freezing Decreasing Slow Very close
What’s New What's New
Act. 2: Act. 1: What I know
A.1 1. Candle is solid, its 1. A
1. As the temperature part started 2. A
of the particles melting, its the 3. C
increases, the 4. D
melted part turns
attractive forces 5. A
decrease. back to solid.
6. B
2. Increases 2. Melting
7. B
A. 2 3. Melting 8. B
3. As temperature of 4. Freezing/solidificat 9. D
the particles ion 10.B
decreases, its 5. The clothes were 11.D
attractive forces heavy & watery, 12.A
increase. 13.C
they gradually
4. Decreases 14.C
dried up
15.C
6. Evaporation
7. Condensation
8. The size decreases
9. Because of
temperature
change, the
deodorizer
sublime.
10.Sublimation
Answer Key
CO_Q3_Science8_Module 2 18
Additional Assessment
Activities What I Can Do
1. D
Possible answers Possible answer:
When Peter’s sweat disappears, 2. A
evaporation occurs. Sweat 3. D Phase changes involve in
changes to vapor. 4. A making water potable are
The decrease in size of the ice
indicates that melting occurs,
5. B the processes,
and the appearance of water 6. A evaporation and
droplets along the side of the 7. A condensation.
glass shows that the water vapor
from the surrounding
8. C
Procedure:
transformed into water droplets. 9. C
Prepare a simple
This process is called 10.C distillation set-up.
condensation. 11.A 1. Heat the water until it
Arrangement of particles of 12.B evaporates.
ice. 13.D 2. Collect the evaporated
14.D water that was
Arrangement of particles of
liquid.
condensed from the
15.B vapor in a container.
What’s More What’s More
What I Have Act. 3
Act. 4
Learned Possible answer: 1. Solid
2. Melting
As water evaporates, it 3. Gas
1. Temperature
changes to water vapor. 4. Solid
2. Kinetic energy 5. Gas
3. Increases This process is called
evaporation. When 6. Deposition
4. Temperature
5. Decreases water vapor condenses
6. Increases it forms into clouds,
7. Decreases this is called
condensation.
Condensation is a
process of changing
gaseous state to liquid
state.