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A-Level-Mathematics-Formula-sheet

apo previous (St. Xavier High School, Junagadh)

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List of formulae and tables of the normal distribution (MF9)

6. List of formulae and tables of the normal distribution

(MF9)

PURE MATHEMATICS

Algebra
For the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0:
− b ! : ^b2 − 4ach
x= 2a
For an arithmetic series:
u n = a + ^ n − 1 h d, S n = 12 n ^a + l h = 12 n "2a + ^n − 1h d ,

For a geometric series:

a ^1 − rnh a ^ r < 1h
u n = arn − 1, Sn = 1−r
^r ! 1h, S3 = 1 − r
Binomial expansion:
J N
Kn O J N
Kn O J N Kn O
^a + bhn = an + KK OO an − 1 b + KK OO an − 2 b2 + KK OO an − 3 b3 + g + bn, where n is a positive integer
1 2 3
L P L P L P
JKn NO n!
and KK OO =
r r ! ^n − r h !
L P
n ^n − 1h 2 n ^n − 1h^n − 2h 3
^1 + xhn = 1 + nx + + x g, where n is rational and x < 1
2! x 3!

Trigonometry
Arc length of circle = ri ^i in radiansh
Area of sector of circle = 12 r2 i ^i in radiansh
sin i
tan i /
cos i
cos2 i + sin2 i / 1. 1 + tan2 i / sec2 i, cot2 i + 1 / cosec2 i
sin ^ A ! Bh / sin A cos B ! cos A sin B
cos ^ A ! Bh / cos A cos B " sin A sin B
tan ^ A ! Bh / 1tan A ! tan B
" tan A tan B
sin 2A / 2 sin A cos A
cos 2A / cos A − sin2 A / 2 cos2 A − 1 / 1 − 2 sin2 A
2

tan 2A = 2 tan A
1 − tan2 A

Principal values:
− 12 r G sin−1 x G 12 r
0 G cos−1 x G r
− 12 r < tan−1 x < 12 r

28 Cambridge International AS and A Level Mathematics 9709. Syllabus for examination in 2017 and 2018.
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List of formulae and tables of the normal distribution (MF9)

Differentiation

f^ xh f l^ x h
xn nxn–1
1n x 1
x
ex ex
sin x cos x
cos x –sin x
tan x sec2 x
dv du
uv u dx + v dx

du dv
u v dx − u dx
v v2
dy dy
If x = f (t) and y = g (t) then dx = dt ' ddxt

Integration
f^ xh y f (x) dx
xn x n + 1 + c ^n ! − 1 h
n+1
1 1n x + c
x
ex ex + c
sin x – cos x + c
cos x sin x + c
sec2 x tan x + c

y u ddxv dx = uv − y v ddux dx
y ffl^^xxhh dx = 1n f^ xh + c

Vectors
If a = a1i + a2j + a3k and b = b1i + b2j + b3k then
a.b = a1b1 + a2b2 + a3b3 = a b cos i

Numerical integration
Trapezium rule:
−
y f ^ xhdx .
b
1
2 h " y0 + 2 ^ y1 + y 2 + g + y n − 1h + y n ,, where h = b n a
a

Cambridge International AS and A Level Mathematics 9709. Syllabus for examination in 2017 and 2018. 29
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List of formulae and tables of the normal distribution (MF9)

MECHANICS

Uniformly accelerated motion

v = u + at, s = 12 ^u + vh t, s = ut + 12 at2, v2 = u2 + 2as

Motion of a projectile
Equation of trajectory is:
gx2
y = x tan i −
2V cos2 i
2

Elastic strings and springs

mx mx2
T= l , E = 2l

Motion in a circle
For uniform circular motion, the acceleration is directed towards the centre and has magnitude
~2 r or v2
r

Centres of mass of uniform bodies

2
Triangular lamina: 3 along median from vertex

Solid hemisphere of radius r: 83 r from centre

Hemispherical shell of radius r: 12 r from centre

r sin a
Circular arc of radius r and angle 2a: a from centre
2r sin a
Circular sector of radius r and angle 2a: 3a from centre
Solid cone or pyramid of height h: 34 h from vertex

30 Cambridge International AS and A Level Mathematics 9709. Syllabus for examination in 2017 and 2018.
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List of formulae and tables of the normal distribution (MF9)

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

Summary statistics

For ungrouped data:

/x / ^ x − x h2 / x2
x= n , standard deviation = n = n −x2

For grouped data:

/ xf / ^ x − x h2 f / x2 f
x= / , standard deviation = /f =
/ f −x
2
f

Discrete random variables

E ^ X h = / xp
Var ^ X h = / x2 p − "E ^ X h, 2

For the binomial distribution B(n, p):

JKn NO
p r = KK OO pr ^1 − phn − r, n = np, v2 = np ^1 − ph
r
L P
For the Poisson distribution Po(a):
r
p r = e−a ar! , n = a, v2 = a

Continuous random variables

y
E ^ X h = xf ^ x h dx

y
Var ^ X h = x2 f ^ x h dx − "E ^ X h, 2

Sampling and testing

Unbiased estimators:
/x JK ^/ xh NO 2
x= n , s2 = n 1− 1 K/ x2 − n O
L P
Central Limit Theorem:
v2
X + N ` n, n j

Approximate distribution of sample proportion:

JK p ^1 − phNO
N K p, n OP
L

Cambridge International AS and A Level Mathematics 9709. Syllabus for examination in 2017 and 2018. 31
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List of formulae and tables of the normal distribution (MF9)

32 Cambridge International AS and A Level Mathematics 9709. Syllabus for examination in 2017 and 2018.
Downloaded by Parekh Abhay ([email protected])