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327 viewsTriginometry
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/ 30
Leonard Euler (1707-1783) was born near Basel in Switzerland
but moved to St Petersburg in Russia and later to Berlin, He had an
amazing facility for figures but delighted in speculating in the realms
of pure intellect. In trigonometry he introduced the use of small letters
for the sides and capitals for the angles of a triangle. He also wrote r,
Rand s for the radius of the inscribed and of the circumscribed circles
and the semi-perimeter, giving the beautiful formula 4rRs = abe.
Prenatal crits
Interpret and use three-figure bearings,
Apply Pythagoras’ theorem and the sine, cosine and tangent ratios for acute angles to
the calculation ofa side or of an angle of a right-angled triangle. Solve trigonometrical
problems in two dimensions involving angles of elevation and depression.
Recognise, sketch and interpret graphs of simple trigonometric functions, Graph and know
the properties of trigonometric functions, Solve simple trigonometric equations for values
Rese e
are Seen een entrap eae Sentence nag
eee eee nn
Solve simple trigonometrical problems in three dimensions including angle between a line
purrs
6.1 Right-angled triangles
‘The side opposite the right angle is called the hypotenuse
(we will use H). It is the longest side. ‘
‘The side opposite the marked angle of 35° is called the opposite jo
(we will use 0)
The other side is called the adjacent (we will use A). =
Consider two triangles, one of which is an enlargement
of the other. 6 2
Itis clear thatthe ratio = will be the same in both 6
triangles. Sine, cosine and tangent
‘Three important functions are defined as follows:
sae
sinx=
A 7 o
cos x=
H A O
x
tanx=2
A
It is important to get the letters in the right order. Some people
find a simple sentence helpful when the first letters of each word
describe sine, cosine or tangent and Hypotenuse, Opposite and
Adjacent. An example is:
Silly Old Harry Caught A Herring Trawling Off Afghanistan,
eg. SOM: sin=2
H
For any angle x the values for sin x, cos x and tan x can be found
using a calculator.
Exercise 1
1. Draw a circle of radius 10 cm and construct a tangent to touch
the circle at .
Draw OA, OB and OC where AOT = 20°
BOT = 40°
COT =50°
Measure the length AT and compare it with the value for
tan 20° given on a calculator or in tables. Repeat for BT, CT
and for other angles of your own choice.
Finding the length of a side
Example 1
Find the side marked x.
a) Label the sides of the triangle H, O, A (in brackets). ies
b) In this example, we know nothing about H so
wwe need the function involving O and A. ae ee
tan25.4°= 2 = * O mm
(A) 10 em
Right-angled triangles ©) Solve for x.
10x tan 25.4° = 4.748
= 4.75cm (to 3 s.f.)
Example 2
Find the side marked z.
a) Label H, 0, A.
0 O_74 7A.
b) sin313°= 7 (0) io
©) Multiply by z.
zx(sin31.3°)=74
74
sin313,
4) Ona calculator, press the keys as follows:
7A) |+]| sin} [31.3] |=|
14.2.cm (to 3 sf)
Exercise 2
In questions 1 to 22 all lengths are in centimetres. Find the sides marked
with letters. Give your answers to three significant figures.
EM Trigonometry 10. i.
4178
13.
14, 15,
‘
16. 18,
TPA
1
19. 20. ai.
150
saz
|
su g. 12,
*
y 2
8
ad
y
22.
AVERY
In questions 23 to 34, the triangle has a right angle at the middle letter.
23. In ABC, € = 40°, BC=4 cm. Find AB.
24, In ADER f = 353°, DF =7 cm, Find ED.
25, In AGHI, {= 70°, GI = 12 m. Find HI.
26. In AJKL, £. =55°, KL=8.21 m. Find JK.
27. In AMNO, M = 42.6%, MO = 14 cm, Find ON.
Right-angled triangles 28, In APQR, P = 28°, PQ = 5.071 m. Find PR.
29, In ASTU, $ = 39°, TU=6 em. Find SU.
30. In AVWX, & = 30.7 m. Find WX,
PWV
31. In ABC, A =14.3°, BC= 14 m, Find AC.
32, In AKLM, K = 728°, KL=
33. In APQR, R = 31.7, QR=
34, In AXYZ, X = 81.07°, YZ =52.6 m. Find XY.
.04 cm, Find LM.
181 cm. Find PR.
Example B
Find the length marked x. x
a) Find BD from triangle BDC. A
tanzz° = BD
1 fl] “oO
BD = 10x tan32° oe
b) Now find x from triangle ABD.
sin38° =
BD
x=BDxsin38°
x =10% tan32° x sin38° (from [1])
x =3.85 cm (to3 sf.)
Notice that BD was not calculated in [1].
Itis better to do all the multiplications at one time,
Exercise 3
In questions 1 to 10, find each side marked with a letter.
All lengths are in centimetres.
Trigonometry 5.
‘
10
|
1
11. BAD = ACD = 90°
CAD = 35°
BDA = 41°
AD=20cm
Calculate:
a) AB
b) DC
7
10.
©) BD
12. ABD = ADC = 90° 7,
cAD=a1° K
BDA = 43°
AD=10cm
Calculate:
a) AB
é Wea D
j 5
| RK
=
i
sf
i A,
Right-angled triangles Finding an unknown angle
Example
Find the angle marked m. 5
a) Label the sides of the triangle H, O, A in
relation to angle m. ~
‘b) In this example, we do not know ‘O’ so
we need the cosine.
4 ae
Zi aes
d) cosm=0.8
Press [Shift] and then [cos] [Ans]
This will give the angle as 36.86989765°.
‘We require the angle to one place of decimals so m=36.9°.
Exercise 4
In questions 1 to 15, find the angle marked with a letter. All lengths are in cm.
44"
W4N
a M
X
b
10. i. 2 12.
100 / |
13. cs ti
a 2
In questions 16 to 20, the triangle has a right angle at the middle letter.
16, In ABC, BC=4, AC=7. Find A.
17. In ADER, EF =5, DF = 10. Find F.
18, In AGHI, GH = 9, HI = 10. Find 1.
19. In AJKL, JL=5, KL=3. Find}.
20. In AMNO, MN =4, NO =5. Bind M.
In questions 21 to 26, find the angle x.
2. 22, 23. Wyoa7.2°
a 100
1]
wo
a
3
Right-angled triangles 51
Bearings
‘A bearing is an angle measured clockwise from North.
Itis given using three digits.
In the diagram: a =
the bearing of B from A is 052°
the bearing of A from B is 232°.
se
x
Example
A ship sails 22 km from A ona bearing of 042°, and a further 30 km on
a bearing of 090° to arrive at B, What is the distance and bearing of B from A?
a) Draw a clear diagram and label extra points as shown.
North
b) Find DE and AD.
i) gin dale i code
2 2
DE =22x-sin 42° = 1472 km < AD=22x-os 42°=16.35 km
Trigonometry ©) Using triangle ABF,
AB?=AF’+BF’ — (Pythagoras’ theorem)
and AF=DE+EB
14.72 +30 = 44.72 km
.D =16.35 km
AB’ = 44.72° +16,35"
= 2267.2
AB = 47.6 kn (to3 sf)
d) ‘The bearing of B from A is given by the angle DAB.
But DAB = ABF.
tan Apr = AE _ 472
BE 16.35
= 2.7352
ABR = 69.9°
Bis 47.6 km from A on a bearing of 069.9°.
and
Exercise 5
In this exercise, start by drawing a clear diagram.
1, A ladder of length 6 m leans against a vertical wall so that the base of,
the ladder is 2 m from the wall. Calculate the angle between the
ladder and the wall.
2. A ladder of length 8 m rests against a wall so that the angle between
the ladder and the wall is 31°, How far is the base of the ladder
from the wall?
3. A ship sails 35 km on a bearing of 042°,
a) How far north has it travelled?
b) How far east has it travelled?
4. A ship sails 200 km on a bearing of 243.7°.
a) How far south has it travelled?
b) How far west has it travelled?
5. Find TRif PR=10 mand QT=7 m, 6. Find d.
2
LI
rl
e 1 R
Right-angled triangles ( 7. An aircraft flies 400 km from a point © on a bearing of 025°
and then 700 km on a bearing of 080° to arrive at B.
a) How far north of O is B?
b) How far east of O is B?
©) Find the distance and bearing of B from ©.
8. An aircraft flies 500 km on a bearing of 100° and then 600 km ona
bearing of 160°.
Find the distance and bearing of the finishing point from the starting point.
For questions 9 to 12, plot the points for each question on a sketch graph
with x- and y-axes drawn to the same scale,
9. For the points A(5, 0) and B(7, 3), calculate the angle between AB
and the x-axis.
10, For the points C(0, 2) and D(5, 9), calculate the angle between CD
and the y-axis.
11. For the points A(3, 0), BG, 2) and C(7, -2), calculate the angle BAC.
12, For the points P(2, 5), Q(5, 1) and R(O, -3), calculate the angle PQR.
13. From the top of a tower of height 75 m, a man sees two goats,
both due west of him. If the angles of depression of the two
goats are 10° and 17°, calculate the distance between them.
14, An isosceles triangle has sides of length 8 cm, 8 cm and 5 cm.
Find the angle between the two equal sides.
angle of
depression
15. The angles of an isosceles triangle are 66°, 66° and 48°. If the
shortest side of the triangle is 8.4 cm, find the length of one of the
two equal sides,
16. A chord of length 12 cm subtends an angle of 78.2° at the centre
of a circle, Find the radius of the circle
17, Find the acute angle between the diagonals of a rectangle whose
sides are 5 cm and 7 cm.
18. A kite flying at a height of 55 m is attached to a string which makes
an angle of 55° with the horizontal. What is the length of the string?
19. A boy is flying a kite from a string of length 150 m. If the
string is taut and makes an angle of 67° with the horizontal,
what is the height of the kite?
20. A rocket flies 10 km vertically, then 20 km at an angle of ‘
15° to the vertical and finally 60 km at an angle of 26° to the
vertical. Calculate the vertical height of the rocket at the end
of the third stage.
Trigonometry 21. Find x, given AD=BC =6 m. ae ee
0m
22, Find x.
23. Ants can hear each other up to a range of 2 m. Anant at A, 1 m
from a wall sees her friend at B about to be eaten by a spider. If
the angle of elevation of B from A is 62°, will the spider have a
meal or not? (Assume B escapes if he hears A calling.)
24. A hedgehog wishes to cross a road without being run over,
He observes the angle of elevation of a lamp post on the other
side of the road to be 27° from the edge of the road and 15°
froma point 10m back from the road. How wide is the road?
If he can run at 1 m/s, how long will he take to cross?
Ifcars are travelling at 20 m/s, how far apart must they be ifhe
is to survive?
25. Froma point 10m froma vertical wall, the angles of elevation
of the bottom and the top of a statue of Sir Isaac Newton,
set in the wall, are 40° and 52°. Calculate the height of the statue.
6.2 Scale drawing
Ona scale drawing you must always state the scale you use.
Exercise 6
‘Make a scale drawing and then answer the questions.
1. A field has four sides as shown in the diagram.
How long is the side xin metres?
2. Two ships leave a port at the same time. The first ship sails
at 38 knots on a bearing of 042° and the second ship sails at
25 knots on a bearing of 315°. How far apart are the ships two
hours later? |1 knot is a speed of 1 nautical mile per hour:]
99m,
Scale drawing 3. Two radar stations A and B are 80 km apart and B is due east of A.
One aircraft is on a bearing of 030° from A and 346° from B. A second
aircraft is on a bearing of 325° from A and 293° from B. How far apart
are the two aircraft?
4, A ship sails 95 km on a bearing of 140°, then a further 102 km on a
bearing of 260° and then returns directly to its starting point. Find the
length and bearing of the return journey.
5. A control tower observes the flight of an aircraft.
At 09:23 the aircraft is 580 km away on a bearing of 043°,
At 09:25 the aircraft is 360 km away on a bearing of 016°.
What is the speed and the course of the aircraft?
[Use a scale of 1 em to 50 km] ala a
6. Make a scale drawing of the diagram and find the length
MS
6.3 Three-dimensional problems
Always draw a large, clear diagram, Itis often helpful to redraw
the triangle which contains the length or angle to be found.
Example
A rectangular box with top WXYZ and base ABCD has
AB=6 cm, BC=8 cm and WA =3 cm.
Calculate:
a) the length of AC
b) the angle between WC and AC.
nin
a) Redraw triangle ABC.
AC’ =6'+ 8 = 100
AC=10cm 8
b) Redraw triangle WAC.
z k 3
Let WCA=0 ¢
; wy
tand ay BS
0=16.7° x oi t
‘The angle between WC and AC is 16.7°.
Trigonometry Exercise 7
1. In the rectangular box shown, find:
a) AC
b) AR
©) theangle between AC and AR,
2. A vertical pole BP stands at one corner ofa horizontal
rectangular field as shown. i
If AB = 10 m, AD=5 m and the angle of elevation of P from A
is 22°, calculate:
a) the height of the pole
b) the angle of elevation of P from C
©) the length of a diagonal of the rectangle ABCD
d) the angle of elevation of P from D.
3, In the cube shown, find:
a) BD
b) AS
©) BS
d) theangle SBD
e) theangle ASB
4. In the square-based pyramid, V is vertically above the middle
of the base, AB= 10 cm and VC = 20 cm. Find:
a) AC
b) the height of the pyramid
©) the angle between VC and the base ABCD
d) theangle AVB
e) the angle AVC
5. Inthe wedge shown, PQRS is perpendicular to ABRQ; PQRS
and ABRQ are rectangles with AB= QR=6m,BR=4m,
RS=2m. Find:
a) BS b) AS
c) angle BSR d) angle ASR a
©) angle PAS
6. The edges of a box are 4 cm, 6 cm and 8 cm. Find the length
ofa diagonal and the angle it makes with the diagonal on the
largest face.
x on
Three imei problems a 7. In the diagram A, Band O are points in a horizontal plane
and P is vertically above O, where OP = h m.
Ais due West of O, B is due South of O and AB = 60 m. The
angle of clevation of P from A is 25° and the angle of elevation
of P from B is 33°.
a) Find the length AO in terms of h.
b) Find the length BO in terms of h.
c) Find the value of h.
8. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower is 38° from a point
A due south of it. The angle of elevation of the top of the tower
from another point B, due east of the tower is 29°. Find the
height of the tower if the distance AB is 50 m.
horizontal
‘angle of
depression
9. An observer at the top of a tower of height 15 m sees a man
due west of him at an angle of depression 31°. He sees another
man due south at an angle of depression 17°. Find the distance ¥
between the men.
10, ‘The angle of elevation of the top of a tower is 27° from a point
A due east of it. The angle of elevation of the top of the tower
is 11° from another point B due south of the tower, Find the
height of the tower if the distance AB is 40 m.
11. The figure shows a triangular pyramid on a horizontal base
ABC, V is vertically above B where VB = 10 cm, ABC = 90°
and AB= BC =15 cm, Point M is the midpoint of AC.
Calculate the size of angle VMB.
6.4 Sine, cosine and tangent for any angle
So far we have used sine, cosine and tangent only in right-
angled triangles. For angles greater than 90°, we will see
that there is a close connection between trigonometric
ratios and circles.
‘The circle on the right is of radius 1 unit with centre (0, 0). A
point P with coordinates (x, y) moves round the circumference
of the circle, The angle that OP makes with the positive x-axis
as it turns in an anticlockwise direction is 8.
In triangle OAP, cos 8 = 5 and sin? ot
Trigonometry ‘The x-coordinate of P is cos 8. (05,0866) 7
‘The y-coordinate of P is sin 8.
This idea is used to define the cosine and
the sine of any angle, including angles greater than 90°.
Here is an angle that is greater than 90°.
cos120°=-05
= sin 120°=0.86
‘A graphics calculator can be used to show the
graph of y= sin x for any range of angles.
‘The graphs below show:
© y=sin x for.x from 0° to 180°. The sine curve above the x-axis
has reflective symmetry about x=90°.
© y=cos x for x from 0° to 180°. The cosine curve has rotational
symmetry about x= 90°,
30 6) 90130 150 180" 10 150 180"
and cos 150° =—cos30°
cos 70°
cos 163° =~cos 17°
cos 110°
sin 163°
or sin x = sin (180° — x) or cosx =—cos (180° — x)
‘These two results are particularly important for use with obtuse
angles (90°
2. To find an angle when given all three sides.
Bto-a
2be
ate
2ac
@ +b’
or eosC=
For an obtuse angle x we have cosx =—cos(180—x).
Examples cos 120° =—cos 60°
cos 142" =—cos 38° The cosine rule
cosA =
or cosB= Example 1
Find b.
b? =a? +c* ~(2ac cos B)
b= 8° +5°— (2X85 xcos 112°)
b= 64+ 25 —[80 x (-0.3746)]
B= 64 +25 + 29.968
(Notice the change of sign for the obtuse angle.)
b= V118.968 = 10.9 cm (to 3 sf)
Example 2
Find angle C.
athe
2ab
cosC
S467 2
2x5x6 60
cosC
G=785°
Exercise 10
Find the sides marked *. All lengths are in centimetres.
1 B Byk as. 3. A
n
2
N
7. In AABC, AB=4 cm, AC=7 cm, A= 57°, Find BC.
=) nee 8. In AXYZ, XY
9. In ALMN, LM = 5.3 cm, MN =7.9 em, M
10. In APQR, Q = 117°, PQ=80 cm, QR = 100 cm. Find PR.
In questions 11 to 16, find each angle marked *,
3.cm, YZ = 30m, ¥ = 90°, Find XZ.
27°. Find LN.
a 12
Mt
Vv
¥
17. In ABC, a=4.3cm, b =7.2cm,c=9em. Find C.
18. In ADEF, d= 30cm, e=50cm, f= 70cm, Find B.
19. In APQR, p=8cm, q= 14cm, r=7cm. FindQ
20, In ALMN, |=7cm, m =5cm, n= 4em, Find N.
21, In AXYZ, x= 53cm, y= 6.7cm, z= 6.14em. Find Z.
22. In ABC, a=4,1em, c= 63cm, B = 112.2°. Find b,
23, In APQR, r=0.72cm, p= L.14cm, 4.6°. Find q.
24, In ALMN, n=7.206em,]=6.3cm, L = 51.2°, N = 63°. Find m.
Example
A ship sails from a port P a distance of7 km on abearing of North North
306° and then a further 11km on a bearing of 070° to arrive at
X. Calculate the distance from P to X.
PX? =7° +11 -(2x 711 x cos 56°)
19 + 121 - (86.12)
PX? = 83.88
PX = 9.16 km (to3 s.£)
‘The distance from P to Xis 9.16 km. Exercise 11
Start each question by drawing a large, clear diagram,
1. In triangle PQR, Q = 72°, R = 32° and PR= 12 cm. Find PQ.
2. In triangle LMN, M = 84°, LM=7 m and MN=9 m. Find LN,
3. A destroyer D and a cruiser C leave port P at the same time. The
destroyer sails 25 km on a bearing of 040° and the cruiser sails 30 km on
a bearing of 320°. How far apart are the ships?
4, Two honeybees A and B leave the hive H at the same time; A flies 27 m
due South and B flies 9 m on a bearing of 111°. How far apart are they?
5, Find all the angles of a triangle in which the sides are in the ratio 5:6:8
6. A golfer hits his ball B a distance of 170 m towards a hole H which measures
195 m from the tee T to the green. If his shot is directed 10° away from
the true line to the hole, find the distance between his ball and the hole.
7. From A, B lies 11 km away on a bearing of 041° and C lies & km
away on a bearing of 341°, Find:
a) the distance between B and C
Db) the bearing of B from C.
8. From a lighthouse Lan aircraft carrier A is 15 km away on a
bearing of 112° and a submarine $ is 26 km away on a
bearing of 200°. Find:
a) the distance between A and S
b) the bearing of A from S.
9, If the line BCD is horizontal find:
a) AE
b) EAC
c) the angle of elevation of E from A,
10. An aircraft flies from its base 200 km on a bearing of 162°, then 350 km
on a bearing of 260°, and then returns directly to base.
Calculate the length and bearing of the return journey.
11. Town Y is 9km due North of town Z. Town X is 8 km from Y, 5 km
from Zand somewhere to the west of the line YZ.
a) Draw triangle XYZ and find angle YZX.
b) During an earthquake, town X moves due South until it is due
West of Z. Bind how far it has moved.
Trigonometry 12, Calculate WX, given YZ= 15m.
w
x y %
13. A golfer hits her ball a distance of 127 m so that it finishes 31 m from
the hole. If the straight line distance to the hole is 150 m, calculate the angle between
the line of her shot and the direct line to the hole,
Revision exercise 6A
1, Calculate the side or angle marked with a
letter,
a)
b)
,
TAcm *
d)
2. Given that xis an acute angle and that
3 tanx-2=4 cos 35.3°
calculate:
a) tanx
b) the value of x in degrees correct to 1 d.p.
3. Solve the following equations. Give your
answers in the interval 0° = x = 360°.
a) sinx=0.75 —-b) cosx=-0.2
©) tanx=-2 d) Ssinx+3
€) 6cosx-5=0 f) tan(x+20°)
4. In the triangle XYZ, XY = 14 cm, XZ:
and angle YXZ_= 25°. A is the foot of the
perpendicular from ¥ to XZ.
Calculate:
a) thelengthXA b)
©) theangle ZYA
5. Calculate the length of AB.
the length YA
t
6.) A lies ona bearing of 040° from B.
Calculate the bearing of B from A.
b) The bearing of X from Y is 115°.
Calculate the bearing of Y from X.
Revision exercise GA [Psa] 7. Given BD = 1 m, calculate the length AC.
A
Bc D
8, In the triangle PQR, angle PQR =90" and
angle RPQ= 31°. The length of PQ is 11 cm.
Calculate:
a) the length of QR
b) the length of PR
¢) the length of the perpendicular from Q
to PR.
9. BAD = DCA = 90°, CAD = 324°,
BDA = 41° and AD = 100 cm.
Calculate:
a) the length of AB
b) the length of DC
©) the length of BD.
An observer at the top of a tower of height
20 m sees a man due East of him at an angle
of depression of 27°. He sees another man
due South of him at an angle of depression of
30°. Find the distance between the men on
the ground.
‘The figure shows a cube of side 10 cm.
10.
ik
Calculate:
a) the length of AC
b) the angle YAC
c) the angle ZBD.
Trigonometry
10cm
c
{0 em
tan 5
12, The diagram shows a rectangular block.
AY = 12 cm, AB=8 cm, BC=6 cm.
Calculate
a) thelength YC
b) the angle YAZ.
a Tan "
13. VABCD is a pyramid in which the base
ABCD is a square of side 8 cm; V is vertically
above the centre of the square and
VA =VB=VC=VD=10cm.
Calculate
a) thelength AC
b) the height of V above the base
c) theangle VGA.
Questions 14 to 19 may be answered either by
scale drawing or by using the sine and cosine
rules.
14, Two lighthouses A and Bare 25 km apart
and A is due West of B. A submarine is on
a bearing of 137° from A and ona bearing of
170° from B. Find the distance of $ from A
and the distance of $ from B.
5. In triangle PQR, PQ=7 cm, PR=8 cm and
QR=9em, Find angle QPR. 20. In the cuboid shown, find:
16. In triangle XYZ, XY 8 m, XK =57° and
Z = 50°. Find the lengths YZ and XZ. a) WY
17. In triangle ABC, A= 92° and € = 44°, b) DY
i ay 9 wD
, 1 BC es
Find the ratio= 4) the angle WBY
18. Given cos ACB = 0.6, AC= 4am, BC=Scm
and CD =7 cm, find the length of AB and AD.
eis
19. Find the smallest angle in a triangle whose
sides are of length 3x, 4xand 6x.
Examination-style exercise 6B
Not to scale
entrance a
L. fog ee paver
A shop has a wheelchair ramp to its entrance from the pavement.
‘The ramp is 3.17 metres long and is inclined at 5° to the horizontal,
Calculate the height, k metres, of the entrance above the pavement.
Show all your working. [2]
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580
Paper 2 Q2 June 2005
‘The diagram shows three straight horizontal roads in a town,
connecting points P, A, and B.
PB= 250 m, angle APB =23° and angle BAP = 126°.
(a) Calculate the length of the road AB. BI
(b) The bearing of A from P is 303°
Examination-style exercise 6B Find the bearing of
i) Bfrom P, [
ii) A from B. 12)
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580
Paper 4 Q4 June 2009
3. A plane flies from Auckland (A) to Gisborne (G) on a bearing
of 115°, The plane then flies on to Wellington (W). Angle AGW = 63°.
Non
Nottoscale
Ww
(a) Calculate the bearing of Wellington from Gisborne. (2)
(b) The distance from Wellington to Gisborne is 400 kilometres.
‘The distance from Auckland to Wellington is 410 kilometres.
Calculate the bearing of Wellington from Auckland. [4]
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580
Paper 2.Q20 June 2005
re r
“veh Not to seale
4k
@
a
In triangle PQR, angle QPR is acute, PQ=10 cm and PR=14 cm.
(a) The area of triangle PQR is 48 cm*.
Calculate angle QPR and show that it rounds to 43.3°, correct
t0 1 decimal place.
‘You must show all your working. (31
(b) Calculate the length of the side QR. (4)
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580
Paper 4 Q3 June 2009
Trigonometry Q
‘The quadrilateral PQRS shows the boundary of a forest. A straight
15 kilometre road goes due East from P to R.
(a) The bearing of $ from P is 030° and PS=7 km.
i) Write down the size of angle SPR. fl
ii) Calculate the length of RS. [4]
(b) Angle RPQ=55° and QR=14 km.
i) Write down the bearing of Q from P. a
Calculate the acute angle POR. (31
Calculate the length of PQ. BI
(¢) Calculate the area of the forest, correct to the nearest square kilometre. (4
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580
Paper 4 Q3 November 2005
6. sin x° =—4and 0
