Practical Section:

1 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Date: ____________________

Lesson (1) Manage files effectively

11
file structure of your local system:
when you are using stand-alone computer systems, files are stored on local
hard disk drives (HDD) or solid-state drives (SSD). And when using a networked
system, files are stored on a network drive, in a secure area where only you have
access. All These can be managed, viewed and accessed using the tool File
Explorer.
There are different ways of finding and opening this tool File Explorer:
1- Click on the (File Explorer) icon to open the file.
2- Or press (Window) key + E

3- Or use the Windows Search tool to find it:

2 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Class Work No (1)

1- Where can we store our files in our computer systems?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

2- Name two devices that can be used to store our files in computer systems?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

3- Explain how can we store our files in computers networks.

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4- Name the tool that used to manage, view and access our files inside the
computer systems.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

5- Write two methods that used to open this tool.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

3 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Draw a circle around the part of (task bar) that used to:
1- open your file's locations in your computer.
2- Find your files locations in your computer.

Tick (True) or (False) for the following:

True False
Computer systems cannot store in their drives for a long time
File Explorer used to reach folders
Search box helps us to find folders and files
Windows key + F used to find files in computers

4 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Date: ____________________

Lesson (2) Locate (saving) stored files

A computer drive contains folders, and each folder can contain files and / or
sub-folders. The path to your current location is shown at the top of the window
(Address bar). A folder is a location created in computer storing unit to store and
save data files or programs. A subfolder is a folder that created inside a main
folder. A program is a group of instructions used to solve / process a particular
task. A file is an electronic area that stores data and information which created by
a specified program.
Folders and subfolders are used to catogrise your stored files and folders.

After you opened the (File Explorer):

1- The left pane: used to locate the drive that you wish to use.
2- The right pane: shows the files and subfolders in this drive/folder.
File Explorer can also give you other useful information such about the stored file
and sub-folders, as the date the file was saved and the file type.

To open a folder / file / program:

Double click on the folder / file / program name in the right pane. When you
double click on a folder notice that the path to your current location is updated.
You can also open by right click on them, then select (Open).

5 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Class Work No (2)

1- Circle two objects that stores data and information:

Folder Files Programs Subfolders Computer disks
2- File explorer window contents composed of two sections. Explain them and
their purposes.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………..……….

3- Define the following: -

Folder

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

File

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Program

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Subfolder

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
6 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 4- Write two methods that they are used to open a folder / file / program.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………..….

5- Explain the relation between:

The program and the folder.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

File and folder.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

File and program.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

7 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 6- Tick whether the following is a file, program or folder:

File Program Folder

Instructions to perform a task
Can store programs and files
It can be programs
Can contains subfolders
Used to create files
Stores data and information

8 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Lesson (3)
Save files in a hierarchical directory/folder structure

Work and files should be saved using a planned folder structure. Here is an
example of part of a folder storing files and sub-folders:

The path to your current location is shown at the top of the window (Address
bar). A folder is a location created in computer storing unit to store and save data
files or programs. A subfolder is a folder that created inside a main folder
Save files using appropriate file names
You should choose meaningful file names. This makes it easier for you to find the
work in your area when you look back at a later date.

9 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Class Work No (3)

Class Work (A) - Practical

1- Create a folder in drive (C:\ ) by your name.
2- Open the folder that saved by your name, now create the folder (IGCSE).
3- Open the folder (IGCSE), now create the folders: (ICT), (Math) and
(English).
Class Work (B) - Theory
4- Write the full path of the folder:

IGCSE:

………………..………………………………………………….………………………

ICT:

…………………………………………………………….………….…………………

5- What’s the main folders in the folder tree?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

6- What are the sub folders in the folder tree?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

7- Fil the hierarchical folder tree of the previous folders in the following
diagram.

10 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Class Work (B) - Practical

1- Create the folder (ICT IGCSE) inside a folder by your name in drive (C:\).
2- Create the folders (Theory) and (Practical) inside the folder (ICT IGCSE).
3- Create the folder (paper1) inside the folder (Theory).
4- Create the folders (paper2) and (paper3) inside the folder (Practical).
5- Create a document file by your name, save it inside the folder (paper1).

Class Work (B) - Theory

6- What are the main folders in this tree?
……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

7- What’s the sub folders in this tree?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

8- Name the program that used to create your file?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

11 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 9- Write the full folder path of the folder:
Paper2
……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Paper1
……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

The document file

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

10- Fil the hierarchical folder tree of the previous folders in the following
diagram.

12 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
11- Write the folder path for the following folders, use the next folders diagrams:

1- Computer
……..………………………………………………………………………………………

2- IGCSE

………………………………………………………..……………………………………

3- Practice
………………………………………………………………………..……………………

4- iOS
………………………………………………………………………..……………………

5- info
………………………………………………………………………..……………………

1- What’s the main folders in the folder tree?

………………………………………………………………………………………..……

2- What are the sub folders in the folder tree?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
13 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
12- Write the folder path for the following folders, use the next folders diagrams:

1- Computer types
……..………………………………………………………………………………………

2- Smart phones

………………………………………………………..……………………………………

3- Memory
………………………………………………………………………..……………………

4- ROM
………………………………………………………………………..……………………

5- What’s the main folders in the folder tree?

14 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
……………………………………………………………………………………………

6- What are the sub folders in the folder tree?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

1- ICT IGCSE
……..………………………………………………………………………………………

2- Chapter 1

………………………………………………………..……………………………………

3- RAM
………………………………………………………………………..……………………

4- Paper 2
………………………………………………………………………..……………………

5- What’s the main folders in the folder tree?

15 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
……………………………………………………………………………………………

6- What are the sub folders in the folder tree?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

16 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Lesson (4) Save, export and print files in a variety of
formats:

From the (File) tab in most of the Microsoft Office packages, you have the
option to:
1- Save – keep the new changes in the current file with the same filename.
2- Save As – locate / keep the current file with a new name, and / or new file
type, and/or in a new location. (you can press (F12) key also).

3- Print – print out the current file on papers.

4- Export – export, save a copy in (.pdf) format, or to change the file type in
other packages.

17 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Class Work No (4)

1- Write the purpose of the following commands in (File) menu:

Save

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Save as

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………..……….

Export

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………..….

Print

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

2- What’s the different between the commands (Save As) and (Save)

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………..……………….

18 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 3- You can save your files in a different format in your computer. Name two
methods can help us to do that.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

The following picture displays a dialog box while using a program.

4- Name the dialog box or the command that used to display this.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

5- Name the purpose of each part in the following picture:

Using the above diagram, explain how can save a document in a different format
(for example as PDF file).

19 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
…………………………………………………………………………………………..…

…………………………………………………………………………………………..…

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6- Draw a line to link between the columns:

Save To move your file to a new location

Save As Output your files in papers

Export To keep new modifications in your file

Print Save your file in a different file format

Can save a file in a new location

20 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Lesson (5) Viewing the folder contents

You have many ways to view your folder contents and to display some
needed information about these contents. The information about a file or folder
like: object icon – object name – object type – size – dimensions (only for images)
– date – time – modified.
The steps are:
1- Click right mouse button in empty area
2- Click (View)
3- Select your choice.

The options of viewing are:

1- Content: displays object icon, object name and date and time (created and
modified).
2- Tiles: displays object icon, object name, program name and file size or
image dimensions.
3- Details: displays object icon, object name, object type, program name and
file size in columns.
4- List: displays object icon and object name (looks like columns).
5- Small icons: displays object icon and object name.
6- Medium icons: displays object icon and object name (with bigger icon size).

21 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 7- Large icons: displays object icon and object name (with bigger icon size).
8- Extra-large icons: displays object icon and object name (with biggest icon
size).
In (Details) view you can add/remove some properties as follows:
1- Open (Details) view.
2- Click mouse right button after the last column name (or on any column
name).
3- From the menu select (More..).
4- From the dialog box: check to select an option, or uncheck to remove an
option.

22 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
23 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Class Work No (5)

1- Why do we use the command (View) in folder contents?

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2- Write the steps that used to use the command (View).

……………………………………………………………………………………………

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3- When you select (View) command there are many options to display your
folder contents. Write the purpose of each of the following options:
Contents

……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………

Tiles

……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………

Details

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

24 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 List

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

Small icons

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Medium icons

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Large icons

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Extra large

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

One of the previous options of (View) command can help us to display more
information about your contents. Name this option.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

25 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Explain how can you add an extra new property about your folder contents (for
example: Author, dimensions, attachments ..etc).

……………………………………………………………………………………………

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26 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Lesson (6) Display file details in a directory / folder
To display some information about your file or folder. The steps are:
1- Open the folder, or click mouse right button on the file icon.
2- Select (Properties)
3- Look at the dialog box

27 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Class Work No (6)

Write the task of the following pointed parts of the dialog box (Properties):

Create a folder in the desktop by the name (folder info). Create a new folder by
the name (data info) inside the folder (folder info).
Create a document file, save it by the name (document info) inside the folder
(Data info).
1- Write the steps used to display the information about your main folder.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

28 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………

2- Using the (Properties) command, write the following information about the
created folders and your document file:
Type Location size contains

folder info

data info

document info

29 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Lesson (7) To take a screenshot

Screenshot is a picture that took for a part/all of screen. We use as evidence

to show your practical steps or settings. We can make screenshots by using:
1- (Print screen) key: for all screen contents.
2- Snipping tool program: for all / part of screen.
3- (alt) + (Print screen) for active dialog box or window only.
The evidence file shows how you answered a question. The evidence is
required, you can always screenshot the evidence and submit that. When you
take a screenshot as evidence make sure that:
1- Each screenshot shows all the information that is needed.
2- Your screenshot is large enough so that all the information can be read by
the examiner without the use of magnification devices. For example, your
name, centre number and candidate number must be on all work.

30 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Class Work No (7)

Explain what’s the screen shot.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

1) Create a folder in the desktop by the name (folder info). Create a new folder
by the name (data info) inside the folder (folder info).
2) Create a document file, save it by the name (document info) inside the folder
(Data info).
3) Open the document file, write the text (Evidence1), (Evidence2), (Evidence 3)
and (Evidence 4) each text in a new line.
4) Open the document file, create another copy of the same file as a rich text
format file by the same name inside the folder (Data info).
5) Open the document file again, create another copy of the same file as a PDF
file by the same name inside the folder (Data info).
6) Take a screen shot of the whole desktop, paste it in your document file after
the text (evidence 1). Save your changes.
7) Take a screen shot of the contents of the folder (folder info) only for the
displayed information, paste it in your document file after the text (evidence 2).
Save your changes.
8) Take a screen shot of the contents of the folder (Data info) displaying their
names, their types, their sizes, their authors and their dimensions. Paste it in
your document file after the text (evidence 3). Save your changes.
9) Open the document file again. Take a screen shot of the (Open) dialog box.
Paste it in your document file after the text (evidence 4). Save your changes.

31 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Tick the option of screen shot for the following situations:

Print Snipping ALT + Print

Screen tool Screen
Whole a file window contents
Your (Paint) program window
Four icons in the desktop
(Print) dialog box
One boy in a picture that contains three boys
The calculator program

32 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Lesson (8) File formats
The need for characteristics and uses of generic file formats
File formats are either:
1- generic file format
2- Non-generic file format
A generic file format is a file that can be opened in other suitable software on
most platforms (most types of computers).
A non-generic file format is a file that cannot be opened in other suitable
software on most platforms (most types of computers).
Some file types used by Microsoft Office, such as Excel spreadsheets (.xlsx),
Word documents (.docx), and Access databases (.accdb) are not generic,
because it is not possible to open these packages on other platforms.
The generic file formats that we are going to describe are:
1- generic text files 2- generic image files
3- generic video files 4- generic audio files
5- generic files used for website authoring 6- generic compressed files

Lesson (9) Generic Text Files

1- generic text files

include:
1- Comma separated values files
2- Text files
3- Rich text format files
1- Comma separated values:

These files have a (.csv) file extension.

Look at the picture example:
The file name is: N216RATES, and the file extension is: csv.

33 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
This file type takes data in the form of tables and saves it in text format, separating
data items with commas.
So, it takes data in the form of tables and saves it as text, as showing below:

These files could be used with a spreadsheet or database programs.

2- Text:

These files have a (.txt) file extension.

Look at the picture example:
The file name is: Excel Sheets, and the file extension is: txt.
A text file is not formatted and can be opened in any word
processor. It stores data a text (cannot be formatted).

34 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
3- Rich text format:

These files have a (.rtf) file extension.

Look at the picture example:
The file name is: N216GYM, and the file extension is: rtf.
This is a text file type that saves some of the formatting within the text and can be
opened in any word processor.

2- generic image files

include:
1- Graphics interchange format (.gif)
2- Joint photographic expert group (.jpeg) or (.jpg)
3- Portable document format (.pdf)
4- Portable network graphics (.png)
1- Graphics interchange format:

these files have a (.gif) file extension.

This format stores still or moving images and is an
efficient method of storing images using a smaller file size,
particularly where there are large areas of solid colour. It is
widely used in web pages.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: logical gates, and the file extension is: gif.

35 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
2- Joint photographic expert group:

these files have a .jpg (or sometimes a .jpeg)

file extension. This format stores still images,
but does not store moving images. It is an efficient method of storing images using
a smaller file size and is widely used in web pages.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: N216LOGO, and the file extension is: jpg.
3- Portable document format:

these files have a .pdf file extension.

This is a document which has been
converted into an image format. It allows documents to be seen as an image so
they can be read on most computers. The pages look just like they would when
they are printed, but can contain clickable links and buttons, form fields, video,
and audio. In PDF format you can protect a document to stop others from editing
it.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: 0417_qp_2, and the file extension is: pdf.

4- Portable network graphics:

these files have a .png file extension.

It is a file format that compresses graphics (image) files
without any loss of image quality. It was created to replace
graphics interchange format and is now the most used
lossless image compression format on the internet.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: laptop bag, and the file extension is: png.

36 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 3- generic video files

Moving pictures experts group layer 4:

These files have a .mp4 file extension. It is not a single

file format, but is a multimedia container which is used for
storing video files, still images, audio files, subtitles, etc. This
container is often used to transfer video files on the internet.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: Lesson 10- Logic Gates, and the file
extension is: mp4.

4- generic audio files

Moving pictures experts group layer 3:

These files have a .mp3 file

extension. It is a compressed file
format used for storing audio files.
This format cannot store still or moving images. The file sizes are relatively small,
but with near-CD quality, which makes it suitable for use on the internet.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: My Songs, and the file extension is: mp3.

5- generic files used for website authoring

include:
1- Cascading Style Sheets (.css)
2- Hypertext Markup Language (.htm) or (.html)

1- Cascading Style Sheets:

37 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
these files have a .css file extension. This is a style sheet
which is saved in cascading style sheet format and is
attached to one or more web pages (often written in HTML)
to define the pages’ colour scheme, fonts, etc.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: nov163ss, and the file extension is: css.
When you open a css file to write codes it will be look as
follows:

2- Hypertext Markup Language:

These files have a .htm (or sometimes a .html) file

extension. This is a text-based language used to create
content that a web browser can display as a web page.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: nov163ges, and the file extension is: htm.

38 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
When you open a html file in a web browser it will be look as follows:

6- generic compressed files

include:
1- Roshal archive
2- Zip

1- Roshal archive:

These files have a .rar file extension. This is a container which can hold almost
any file type in a compressed format. It is used to reduce the number of bytes
needed to save a file, either to save storage space or to reduce transmission time.
It was developed for Windows by a Russian software engineer Eugene Roshal
and takes its acronym from Roshal ARchive.

39 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
2- Zip:

These files have a .zip file

extension.
This is a container which can hold almost any file type in a compressed format.
It is used to reduce the number of bytes needed to save a file, either to save
storage space or to reduce transmission time.
Look at the picture example:
The file name is: 0418_w08_su_2, and the file extension is: zip.

Reduce file sizes for storage or transmission

File compression
The need to reduce file sizes for storage or transmission
All computer systems have a limited storage capacity, so the efficient use
of that storage space is important to keep much information in suitable storage
area. We need to reduce the files sizes because of:
1- limited storage capacity.
2- The speed of files transmission (sent) between devices.
3- Affect transmission speeds on the internet.
4- Affect transmission speeds between the computers and devices (like
printers, network servers, and so on).
5- Sending files as email attachments.
6- More time it takes to transmit when the file size is larger.
Many email mailboxes have a limit so as to control the size of the files that can be
sent / received.

Reducing file sizes for storage or transmission

Video files are the largest files stored and transmitted (because they contain
thousands of still images).
There are exceptions to this rule however – large database management
systems like that used by the Driver and Vehicle Licencing Agency require

40 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
immense amounts of storage. These systems continue to grow as organisations
hold larger amounts of digital data within them.
Still images can vary in size. Lower resolution graphics, which are often
used for web pages to speed up the loading time of the page, can be very small,
but the higher the image resolution, the larger the file. Where possible, image file
sizes must be kept small, but not to the point where images become pixelated so
that they are not clear. This will mean resizing and / or resampling image files so
that they require less storage space and less time to load. Resizing will change
the physical dimensions (width and height) of the image and resampling changes
the quality of the image.

Using file compression

If a document contains lots of formatting or lots of images, its file size tends
to be quite large. To reduce the file size for transmission (if the file is not to be
edited) turn the file into portable document format, or just reduce the size by
windows or some programs.
To reduce a folder / or file using MS. Windows:
1- Click mouse right button on the folder or file icon.
2- Select (Send to)
3- Click (Compressed (zipped) folder)

41 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
42 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Class Work No (9)

Paper 1: Theory / October/November 2019 - 0417/12

Files can be saved in a generic file format.
(a) Explain why generic file formats are needed.
................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................... [2]

Complete the following sentences, using the most appropriate file format from the
list below.
.css .csv .doc .gif .htm
.pdf .png .rar .sdb .xls

.................................. is a stylesheet used in the creation of web pages.

................................... is a generic archive file format.
................................. is a generic file format that stores still and moving images.
................................. takes data in the form of tables and saves it as text.
Paper 1: Theory / February/March 2020 - 0417/12
The teacher could have saved the document as a .txt or an .rtf file format.
Describe what is meant by .txt and .rtf file formats.
................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

43 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................... [2]

Explain the differences between the two file formats.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................... [3]

Paper 1: Theory / February/March 2018 - 0417/12

Describe the following file formats.
(a).css

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................[2]

44 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
(b).htm

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................[2]

Practical section:

1) Create a folder in the desktop by the name (compressing folders).

2) Create a document file, save it by the name (compressed document) inside
the folder (compressing folders).
3) Open the document file, write the text (Evidence 1), (Evidence 2), (Evidence
3) and (Evidence 4) each text in a new line.
4) Insert an image after the last text (Evidence 4).
5) Open the document file, create another copy of the same file as a rich text
format file by the name (compressed rich text) inside the folder (compressing
folders).
6) Open the document file, create another copy of the same file as a PDF format
file by the name (compressed pdf) inside the folder (compressing folders).
7) Compress the file (compressed document).
8) Compress the file (compressed rich text).
9) Compress the file (compressed pdf).

45 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
10) Video files are the largest files stored and transmitted. Explain.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

11) Which files types that considered as an exception case for reducing files
capacity storage. Give an example.

................................................................................................................................

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................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

12) Explain the effect of using reducing files size on images files?

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................................................................................................................................

46 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

13) Write the steps of reducing the size of the folder (ICT IGCSE) which contains
two files.

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................................................................................................................................

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................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

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47 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images
Lesson (1) Insert image – Resize – Wrap with text
An image is a visual representation of something. We insert an image to your document to
enhance it. Inserting / adding / importing an image to a document is to locate this image
somewhere in your document.
Insert / add / import an image to your document
Method 1: to insert an image
1- Click where to insert.
2- (Insert) tab.
3- Click (Pictures).
4- From the dialog box select your image
file.
5- Click (Insert).
6- Save your changes.
Select your image from the dialog box:

Method 2: to insert an image

1- Open your folder
2- Copy your picture
3- Open your document
4- Paste your picture in your document
5- Save your changes.

To edit an image
After you inserted an image to the document you can make some changes or formats in
your image.
These formats can be:
1) Resize 2) Wrap a text
1 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images
3) Add a border 9) Adjust colour depth
4) Rotate 10) Adjust brightness
5) Reflect 11) Adjust Contrast
6) Flip 12) Adjust image size
7) Crop
8) Place with precision
1- Resize an image:
To change image size and dimensions (height
and width). You can resize manually or by using
the commands. To resize image manually:
1- Click on the image.
2- Put the mouse cursor over the handlers
points on image.
3- Click and drag to resize (change height, width
or both).
4- Save your changes.

To resize image using commands with (aspect ratio):

(Aspect ratio) means your changes would be automatically. When you change the
height, the width will change automatically, and vice versa.
1- Click on image.
2- Click (Format) tab.
3- Go to (size) group.
4- Click in (shape height) to set a height.
5- Click in (shape width) to set a width.
6- Type the height or the width

The default settings is to make (Aspect ratio) locked (your changes would be made
automatically. When you change the height, the width will change automatically, and When
you change the width, the height will change automatically).
To resize image using commands without (aspect ratio):
That means you are going to set your own height and your own width (manually).
1- Click on image.
2- Click (Format) tab.
3- Go to (size) group.
4- Click the (Expand) button.

2 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images

5- Then from the following dialog box:

Lock the (Aspect ratio) between height and width:

Or unlock the (Aspect ratio) between height and width:

3 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
 Chapter 12 Images

6- Change the (Height) and (Width).

7- Click (OK)
8- Save your changes.

Method 2: To open the size

dialog box to set height, width or
aspect ratio:
1- Click mouse right button on the
image
2- Click (Size and Position)

2- Wrap a text:
To surround an image by a text in a
paragraph.
Method1: to wrap a text around an image:
1- Click on image.
2- Click (Format) tab.
3- Go to (Arrange) group.
4- Click (Wrap Text) button.

5- Select an option from the list: either

(Square) or (Tight).

4 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images

6- Save your changes.

Method 2: to wrap a text around an image:

1- Click mouse right button on the image

2- Click (Wrap a text)
3- Then select your option
4- Save your changes.

To control distance between text a

paragraph and the image use the option
(More Layout Options)

5 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images

6 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images
Lesson (2) Add a border – Rotate – Reflect – Flip – Crop
3- Add a border
To draw / colour a line border around the image.
Steps of add a border to image:
1- Double click in the image
2- (Format) tab
3- (Pictures styles) group
4- Click Expand button
5- From (Format picture) pane click (Fill and Line)
6- Click (Line) select (Solid Line)
7- Click (width) select a width
8- Your border is created
9- Save your changes
10- Close the pane

4- Rotate an image
To change image degree in representation.
Steps to rotate an image:
1- Double click in the image
2- (Format) tab
3- (Pictures styles) group
4- Click Expand button
5- Click (Effects)
6- Click (3-D Rotation)
7- Change (Z-Rotation)
7 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images
8- Save your changes
9- Close the pane
5- Reflect an image:
To opposite or change your image visual degree.
Steps to reflect an image:
1- Double click in the image
2- (Format) tab
3- (Pictures styles) group
4- Click Expand button
5- Click (Effects)
6- Click (3-D Rotation)
7- Change (X-Rotation)
8- Save your changes
9- Close the pane
6- Flip an image:
To opposite or change your image visual contents upside down.
Steps to reflect an image:
1- Double click in the image
2- (Format) tab
3- (Pictures styles) group
4- Click Expand button
5- Click (Effects)
6- Click (3-D Rotation)
7- Change (Y-Rotation)
8- Save your changes
9- Close the pane

8 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images

7- Crop an image
To cut / remove some parts of the image.
Method1:
1- Right click in the image
2- From top buttons, click (Crop)
3- Use the handles to crop
4- Double click in document
5- Your image is cropped
6- Save your changes

9 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images

Method2:
1- Double click in the image
2- (Format) tab
3- Click (Crop)
4- Use the handles to crop
5- Double click in document
6- Your image is cropped
7- Save your changes

Lesson (3) Place image with precision – Adjust images

8- Place image with precision:
To place the image with a suitable, balanced arrange with the text paragraph.
To do that we have 2 methods:
Method1: Manually precision:
Click and drag your image, use the green lines to place it perfectly.

Method2: Using dialog box:

10 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images
1- Click right button in the image
2- Click (Size and Position)
3- Click (Position) tab
4- Set value for (Horizontal)
5- Set value for (vertical)
6- Click (OK)
7- Save your changes

Editing Images Files

Using Photo Filter v.7 program to edit images.
Adjust colour depth:
To change your basic colours resolution in image.
Steps to adjust colour depth:
Using Photo Filter v.7 program to edit images
1- Open (Adjust) menu
2- Click (Color Balance)
3- Set your settings
4- Click (OK).
5- Save your changes
To remove the last changes, click (Reset).

Adjust brightness:
To change bright of your images (light colours)
Steps to adjust brightness:
1- Open (Adjust) menu
2- Click (Brightness)
3- Set your settings.
4- Click (OK)
5- Save your changes

Adjust Contrast
To change the gradient of your basic colours in the image
11 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410
Chapter 12 Images
Steps to adjust Contrast:
1- Open (Adjust) menu
2- Click (Contrast)
3- Set your settings

4- Click (OK)
5- Save your changes

Adjust image size

To change your image size (increase or decrease it)
Steps to adjust image size:
1- Open (Image) menu
2- Click (Image Size)
3- Set your settings
4- Click (OK)
5- Save your changes

12 Mr. Abubakr Hassan – ICT IGCSE & Computer Science - +249 900612410