WU ,CET, Department of Civil Engineering 202
COLUMN DESIGN EXAMPLES AS PER ES EN 1992:2015
Example 4.1 [Column]
Determine whether the column CD is slender or not, if it is subjected to loads shown below.
Consider the frame to be non-sway
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Step 2-Find the slenderness of the column
2.1 Effective length
For Braced member
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Example 4.2 [Uni-axial Column Design]
Design the braced short column to sustain a design load of 1100 KN and a design moment of
160KNm which include all other effects .Use C25/30 and S460 class –I work concrete
Take d/h = 0.1 and section 270mm*450mm
Solution
Step 1- Material strength and constants
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 = 0.3 fck2/3 = 2.56𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑐 =1.5 𝑓𝑐𝑘=25𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑓𝑐𝑢=30𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑘 = 0.7 fctm, = 1.79𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑓𝑐𝑑 = 0.85∗25/1.5=14.17𝑀𝑝𝑎
Rebar 𝑓𝑦𝑘=460𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑓𝑦𝑑=𝑓𝑦𝑘/1.15=400𝑀𝑝𝑎
Step 2-Determine the normalized axial and bending moment value
sd = Nsd = 1100*103 = 0.639
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fcd b h 14.17*270*450
sd = Msd = 160*106 = 0.2065
2 2
fcd b h 14.17*270*450
Step 3-Using d/h = 0.1 read the mechanical steel ratio from uniaxial interaction chart for
sd = 0.639 and sd = 0.2065
=Asfyk
bhfck
From interaction chart , = 0.3
As,tot = fcd bh = 0.3*14.17*270*450 = 1290.937mm2
fyd 400
As =As,tot =1290.937mm = 645.468mm2
2
2 2
Check with maximum and minimum reinforcement limit
Step 4- Detailing
Use 416 mm on each face
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Example 4.3 [Biaxial column design]
Determine the longitudinal reinforcement for corner column of size 400*400 mm and the design
factored moment and axial force of
Step 3 Find using h/h =b/b = 0.10 sd = 0.6
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Step 4- Detailing
Example 4.4 [Column]
Design the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement of 200*250mm column with 800kN ultimate
axial load and bending moment values as shown in figure below. The moment is determined to
bent about major axis with effective length of 3.1m.this column is classified as non-slender column
some bracing system in frame .Specification of the structure is given as follows
Exposure class XC1, Fire resistance =1hr, design life 50years, consider concrete grade of C25/30
and steel reinforcement grade of 500
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Soltion
1. Calculate the nominal cover
Durability, bond and fire resistance
Min.cover with regard to bond,Cmin,b =20mm
Min.cover with regard to durability,Cmin,dur = 15mm ES EN:1992:2015 Table 4.4 N
Min.cover with regard to fire
Min axis distance for R60 fire resistance,asd =36mm Ref .Table 5.2a EN 1992-1-2
Cmin = asd -link -bar/2 = 36-6-20/2 =20mm
Allowance in design for deviation Cdev =10mm
Cmin =max[Cmin,b:Cmin,dur:10mm) =20mm
Nominal cover
Cnom = Cmin + Cdev = 20mm +10mm =30mm
Use Cnom =30mm
2. Design moment
For Non slender column the design moment
MEd = max(M02,Mmin)
M02
Where M ei NEd
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M02 = M+NEd*ei
M= max Mtop,Mbot =28kNm
For isolated column in a braced system ei,
ei = lo/400 =3100/400=7.8mm
M01 M02 = 28+800*0.0078 = 34.24kNm
M01= min Mtop,Mbot - eiNEd
M02= min Mtop,Mbot + eiNEd
Mmin = NEd eo
All compression members are subjected to a minimum eccentricity eo
eo = h/30 = 250/30 = 8.3mm 20mm
Mmin = 800*0.02 =16kNm
MEd = max(34.24,16) =34.24kNm
Step 3 Reinforcement
d2= Cnom +link +bar /2 = 30+6+20/2 =46mm
d2/h =46/250 =0.18 0.2 (use chart 0.2)
sd = Nsd = 800*103 = 0.64
fck b h 25*200*250
sd = Msd = 160*106 = 0.11
2 2
fck b h 25*200*250
Using the values of =0.64 sd = 0.11 enter design chart d2/h = 0.2 and read ratio of
Asfyk/bhfck = 0.52
As = 0.52*bhfck = 0.52*200*250*25 = 1300mm2
fyk 500
Asmin = 0.1NEd/fyd =0.1NEd/0.87fyk = 0.1*800*103 = 184mm2 or 0.002Ac = 100mm2
0.87*500
2
As ,max = 0.04Ac =2000mm
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Number of bars n = As/as = 1300 = 4.138
*202/4
Use 420 + 212mm
Links
(1) The diameter of the transverse reinforcement (links, loops or helical spiral reinforcement)
should not be less than 6 mm or one quarter of the maximum diameter of the longitudinal bars,
whichever is the greater. The diameter of the wires of welded mesh fabric for transverse
reinforcement should not be less than 5 mm.
(2) The transverse reinforcement should be anchored adequately.
(3) The spacing of the transverse reinforcement along the column should not exceed scl,tmax
Note: For the value of scl,tmax , refer to the National Annex. The recommended value is the least of
the following three distances:
- 20 times the minimum diameter of the longitudinal bars
- the lesser dimension of the column
- 400 mm
Links,min = the largest of =1/4*20 =5mm or 6mm
scl,tmax = the lesser of = 20*12 =240mm or 200mm or 400mm
Use 6mm c/c200mm
At section 250mm below and above beam and at lapped joints scl,tmax = 0.6*200 =120mm
Use 6mm c/c120mm
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Example 4.5 [Column Design]
Design the braced column to resist an axial load of 950 KN and a moment of Msd =115 KNM at
the top and Msd = -95 KNM at the bottom as shown below .length of the column is 5.5 m and
cross-section of 300*300 mm use C25/30 and S460 take Le=0.66L
Step 2- Check slenderness limit
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Step 3 Slenderness
Step 5 Equivalent First order Eccentricity
Using d’/h= 0.15 read the mechanical steel ratio from uniaxial interaction chart for
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Step 7 Detailing
Example 4.6 [Column]
Design the braced column if it is subjected to the following loading .the column has total length of
6 m. Le=0.7L
Use C25/30 and S460
If the column is slender .compute the total design moment using
a) Nominal curvature
b) Nominal stiffness
Use 400*400mm section d/h = 0.1 use (,to) = 2
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Step 2- Check slenderness limit
Step 3 Slenderness
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1 = yd = 2*10-3 = 1.2325*10-5 d= effective depth
ro 0.45d 0.45*360
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Nb= Buckling load based on nominal stiffness
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For first iteration neglecting accidental eccentricity
Using sd = 0.72794 sd = 0.2272 d/h = 0.1 = 0.4
We cannot use the simplified method
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Using sd = 0.72794 sd = 0.212 d/h = 0.1 = 0.35
Second Iteration
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Using sd = 0.72794 sd = 0.216 d/h = 0.1 = 0.35
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Step 7- Detailing
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