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Problem Set 3

This document contains 20 problems related to linear transformations and their properties. The problems cover determining whether maps are linear, finding the kernel and range of linear maps, isomorphisms between vector spaces, properties of rank and nullity, and matrix representations of linear transformations.

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Anushka Vijay
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29 views

Problem Set 3

This document contains 20 problems related to linear transformations and their properties. The problems cover determining whether maps are linear, finding the kernel and range of linear maps, isomorphisms between vector spaces, properties of rank and nullity, and matrix representations of linear transformations.

Uploaded by

Anushka Vijay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Set-3

1. Which of the following maps are linear.

(a) T : R −→ R3 defined by T (x) = (x, 2x, 3x).


(b) T : R2 −→ R2 defined by T (x, y) = (2x + 3y, 3x − 4y).
(c) T : R[x] −→ R[x] defined by T (p(x)) = xp(x) + p(1).
(d) T : C[0, 1] −→ R2 defined by T (f ) = (f (0), f (1)).

2. Determine whether there exists a linear map in the following cases. If it exists, give the
general formula.

(a) T : R2 −→ R2 such that T (1, 2) = (3, 0) and T (2, 1) = (1, 2).


(b) T : R3 −→ R3 such that T (0, 1, 2) = (3, 1, 2) and T (1, 1, 1) = (2, 2, 2).
(c) T : P4 (R) −→ P3 (R) such that T (1 + x) = 1, T (x) = 3 and T (x2 ) = 4.
(d) T : C2 −→ C2 such that T (i, i) = (1 + i, 1).

3. Determine a linear map T : R2 −→ R2 , which maps all the vectors on the line x + y = 0 onto
themselves.

4. Determine the Range and Kernel of the following linear maps. Also find the Rank and Nullity
of T , if it exists

(a) T : R2 −→ R2 defined by T (x1 , x2 ) = (x1 + x2 , x1 ).


(b) T : R[x] −→ R[x] defined by T (p(x)) = p00 (x) − 2p(x).
(c) T : C(0, 1) −→ C(0, 1) defined by T (f )(x) = f (x) sinx.
(d) T : C 1 [0, 1] −→ C[0, 1 defined by T (p(x)) = p0 (x) ex , where C 1 [0, 1] is the set of all
continuous function from [0, 1] to R which are differentiable on (0, 1). (Hint: Use Fun-
damental Theorem of Calculus)

5. Find a linear map T : R3 −→ R3 such that the set of all vectors (x1 , x2 , x3 ) satisfying the
equation 4x1 − 3x2 + x3 = 0 is the Kernel of T .

6. Let W be a subspace of R4 defined by W = {(x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 ) | x2 = 0}. Prove, by exhibiting


an isomorphism, that W ∼
= R3 .

7. True or false? Justify your answer.

(a) There exist two isomorphism from P2 (R) to R3 .


(b) In R2 all nontrivial subspaces are isomorphic.

8. Let T be a linear map on a finite dimensional vector space V . Then prove that

(a) Range(T ) ∩ Ker(T ) = {0} if and only if T 2 x = 0 ⇒ T x = 0.


(b) If Rank(T 2 ) = Rank(T ), then Range(T ) ∩ Ker(T ) = {0}.

9. Let T : V −→ V (V is a finite dimensional vector space) be a linear map. If Range(T ) ∩


Ker(T ) = {0}, then V = Range(T ) ⊕ Ker(T ).

10. Let T : U −→ V and S : V −→ W be two linear maps. Then prove that

(a) If T is onto, then Rank(ST ) = Rank(S).

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(b) If S is one-one, then Rank(ST ) = Rank(T ).
11. Let T be a linear map on R3 , defined by T (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (3x1 , x2 , x3 ). Show that T is invertible.
Also find T −1 .
12. Let U and V be finite dimensional vector spaces over the field F such that dim(U ) =
dim(V ) = p. If T is a linear map from U into V , the following are equivalent.
(a) T is non-singular.
(b) T is one one.
(c) T transforms linearly independent subsets of U into linearly independent subsets of V .
(d) T transforms every basis for U into a basis for V .
(e) T is onto.
(f) Rank(T ) = p.
(g) N ullity(T ) = 0.
(h) T −1 exists.
13. If a linear map T on V satisfies the condition T 2 + I = T , then prove that T −1 exists.
14. Consider non-zero finite dimensional real vector spaces V1 , V2 , V3 , V4 and linear transforma-
tions φ1 : V1 −→ V2 , φ2 : V2 −→ V3 and φ3 : V3 −→ V4 such that Ker φ1 = {0}, Range φ1 =
X4
Ker φ2 , Range φ2 = Ker φ3 , Range φ3 = V4 . Then find the value of (−1)i dimVi .
i=1

15. Let T : R3 −→ R3 be the linear map defined by T (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (3x1 + x3 , 12x1 + x2 , −x1 +
2x2 + 4x3 ).
(a) Find the matrix M of T relative to the basis B = (1, 0, 1), (−1, 2, 1), (2, 1, 1).
(b) Find the matrix N of T relative to the standard basis of R3 .
(c) Find a non singular matrix P such that N = P M P −1 .
16. Let T : R3 −→ R2 be the linear map defined by T (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (x1 + x2 , 2x3 − x1 ). Let
B = {(1, 0, −1), (1, 1, 1), (1, 0, 0)} be an ordered basis of R3 .
(a) Find the matrix M of T relative to the pair B and standard basis of R2 .
(b) Find the matrix N of T relative to the standard basis of R3 standard basis of R2 .
(c) Find a non singular 2 × 2 matrix P and a non singular 3 × 3 matrix Q such that
N = P M Q.
17. Let A be an n × n invertible matrix.
(a) Let B be an n × k matrix. Show that Rank(AB) = Rank(B).
(b) Let B be an n×n invertible matrix. Then show that Rank(AB) = Rank(A) = Rank(B).
18. Let A ∈ Mm×n (R). Then Rank(AAt ) = Rank(A).
19. Let A be an m×n matrix and R be the RRE form of A. Then show that Rank(A) = Rank(R).
20. Let V = M2 (R) and W = P3 (R) be two vector spaces over R. Define the linear transformation
T : V → W by
 
a b
T = 2a + (b − d)x − (a + c)x2 + (a + b − c − d)x3 .
c d

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(a) Find the matrix representation of T with respect to the standard ordered bases.
(b) Find a basis for the range of T and a basis for the null space of T.
(c) Find Rank(T ) and Nullity(T ).

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