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Numerical Problems

The document discusses several questions related to networking and distributed systems concepts. It provides solutions and explanations for calculating network length based on token ring protocol specifications, evaluating network length for different bandwidths, designing an IPv4 network model to support 800 cameras, calculating maximum frame length and round-trip time for an Ethernet network, calculating TCP sequence number wrap around time, computing packet transmission time for a given distance, estimating disk block access for storing records, and discusses concepts like database normalization, concurrency control protocols, indexing structures like B and B+ trees.

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aman raj
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
48 views

Numerical Problems

The document discusses several questions related to networking and distributed systems concepts. It provides solutions and explanations for calculating network length based on token ring protocol specifications, evaluating network length for different bandwidths, designing an IPv4 network model to support 800 cameras, calculating maximum frame length and round-trip time for an Ethernet network, calculating TCP sequence number wrap around time, computing packet transmission time for a given distance, estimating disk block access for storing records, and discusses concepts like database normalization, concurrency control protocols, indexing structures like B and B+ trees.

Uploaded by

aman raj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q.10 sensors are connected in ring topology.

If the bandwidth of the channel is 10 Mbps, token size


is 5 Bytes and data transmission speed is 80% of the light then recommend the minimum network
span (length) of the IoT solution.

Solution:

Learn the concept of Token Ring protocol:

In token ring following condition must be satisfied:

Transmission Delay <= Propagation Delay

Length of the packet/Bandwidth of the channel= Length of the Network(D)/ Velocity of the data

5Bytes/ 10 Mbps = D/ 2.1 * 10^8 m/s gives you the length of the network

Q. For the above question if the bandwidth is 24 Mbps then evaluate the length of the channel. Also
state the relation between bandwidth and length of the channel.

Solution: Use above concept and solve this. Compare the answers for both the questions and you
will be able find the relation between length and bandwidth.

Q. ITER wants to deploy 800 cameras at Bhubaneswar. These cameras are IP enabled must have
unique IPv4 addresses for proper communication. Design a network model to satisfy above
requirement (Class of network, Supernetting/Subnetting, etc.)

Solution: Apply the above data and find the answer and observe from your end.

1. ITER wants to deploy 800 cameras. These cameras are IP enabled must have unique IPv4
addresses for proper communication. Design a network model to satisfy above requirement
(Class of network, Supernetting/Subnetting, etc.)

Solution: First identify the suitable class:


Class A will be wasting to many Ips
Class B also waste to many Ips
Class C can accommodate 2^8-2 =254 hosts per network but unable to fulfil the overall
requirement. Therefore, we can club Ceil(800/254) =4 C class networks
For that we need to use supernetting
T
Let the classes of 4 C class n/ws are
192.168.0.1..254
192.168.1.1..254
192.168.2.1..254
192.168.3.1..254
So two bits are sufficient to identify 4 networks
As we know that the default subnet mask for C lass network is 255.255.255.0
Therefore, the mask will become
255.255. 11111100.0
i.e 255.255.252.0

Draw a diagram as well.

Also learn the concept of subnetting with the help of any suitable example, where there is
need to divide a network into multiple parts. Also go through variable subnetting.

Q.One IoT application uses Ethernet 802.3 for connection. If the bandwidth of the channel is 4 Mbps
and RTT is 45 microseconds then recommend the maximum frame length in bytes.

Solution: In ethernet. For proper operation the JAM signal must reach to the sender before
transmission delay, hence;

Transmission delay >= Round Trip Time

Length of the packet/ bandwidth>= RTT

L/B=RTT

L/4Mbps= 45 microseconds

Solve for L, and it will be the answer.

Q. In a smart healthcare IoT application, the bandwidth of the channel is 12 Mbps. For reliable
communication, TCP is used. Calculate the wrap around time (in hours) of sequence number.

Solution:

In TCP, each byte is associated with a unique sequence number i.e 32 bits long

The wrap around time is the time needed when the sequence number will restart with 0

Given: bandwidth: 12 Mbps

i.e in 12*(10^6)/8 bytes are transferred in one sec

then How much time is needed to transfer 2^32 bytes.

Use your mathematics to get the answer:

Q. One big data application sends the packet with the speed of 70% of the light. Let us assume that
the central control room is 100 kilometers far away. Calculate the time required for a packet to
reach to the control room. Also compute the round-trip time.

Solution:

Speed of data is =2.1*10^8 meter/sec

i.e in 2.1*10^8 meter is travelled in 1 sec

then how much time needed to travel 100 Kilometres.


Put the values and get the answer

Q. If the disk block size is 512 bytes and the record length is 100 bytes. Assume that there are 2000
records in relation. Evaluate the number of disk blocks access in worst case.

Solution:

# of records per block: 512/100= 5 records/ block

How many blocks needed to store the data: 2000/5= 400 Blocks

In works case all 400 blocks needed to scan if the data is not at all available in database.

Q. In above question, if primary indexing is used (where the index record size is 20 bytes) then
compute the number of disk block access in worst case.

Solution: Check class notes or take help of your DBMS text book

Q. Solve questions on Normalization from your own (upto 4NF)

Q. Read two phase locking protocol, its variants and time stamp ordering protocol with suitable
example. Also read the problems associated with concurrent transactions and 2PL protocol.

Refer your DBMS text book

Q. Solve questions on multilevel indexing

Refer internet

Q. Solve questions on B and B+ Trees. Create B and B+ tree. Delete items from b and B+ Tree.

Refer internet

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