Chapter 3

Research Design and Methodology

This chapter is divided into three parts: (1) Purpose

of the Study and Research Design, (2) Methods, and (3)

Statistical Data Analysis Procedure.

The First Part, Purpose of the Study and Research

Design, restates the main problem and discusses the research

design.

The Second Part, Methods, describes the participants,

data-gathering instruments, and data-gathering procedures

used in the study.

The Third Part, Statistical Data Analysis Procedures,

enumerates the statistical tools used in the analysis of

data.

Purpose of the Study and Research Design

This study will focus on disaster awareness and

disaster preparedness of Grade 10 students of Dao National

High School for the school year 2022-2023.

This study will utilize the quantitative research

design, specifically the survey–correlational research

design.
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Quantitative research is a structured way of collecting

and analyzing data obtained from different sources. It

involves the use of computational, statistical, and

mathematical tools to derive results. It is conclusive in

its purpose as it tries to quantify the problem and

understand how prevalent it is by looking for projectable

results to a larger population (SIS International Research,

2018).

According to Faltado et al. (2016), survey designs are

procedures in quantitative research in which researchers

administer a survey questionnaire to a small group of people

or sample to identify trends in attitudes, opinions,

behaviors or characteristics of a large group of people or

population.

Correlational study, on the other hand, investigates

the possibility of relationships between or among variables

(Fraenkel & Wallen, 2003).

In this study, the independent variable will be the

disaster awareness while the dependent variable will be the

disaster preparedness.
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Methods

Participants

The participants of this investigation will be the

50MSME in Dao Capiz, selected through purposive sampling.

Table 1

Distribution of Students according to Sex and Socio-economic

Status

Category Frequency %

Business Type
Service Business
Manufacturing
Merchandising
Sex
Male
Female
Total

Data-gathering Instruments

The data needed for the study will be gathered using

the researcher made questionnaire on budgetary control and

researcher made questionnaire on the financial performance.

Budgetary Control. To determine the budgetary control

on the MSMEs the researcher made questionnaire will be used,

the Awareness on Disaster Related Issues Questionnaire by

Ejercito (n.d.) will be used. It is composed of three

domains such as emotional pre-existing warning signs,

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potential hazards, and disaster-related services by

concerned agencies. It is a 43–item questionnaire that used

a Likert-type scale for responses.

For statistical purposes, the following numerical

weights will be assigned to respective responses:

5 - Strongly Agree
4 – Moderately Agree
3 – Agree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree

For the descriptive interpretation of mean score, the

scale below will be used:

Mean Score Description

4.21 – 5.00 Very Good

3.41 – 4.20 Good
2.61 – 3.40 Moderate
1.81 – 2.60 Poor
1.00 – 1.80 Very Poor

Disaster Preparedness Questionnaire. To determine the

disaster awareness, the Level of Disaster Preparedness

Questionnaire also made by Ejercito (n.d.) will be used. It

is composed of five domains such as typhoon preparedness,

earthquake preparedness, tsunami preparedness, landslide

preparedness, and flood preparedness. It is a 23–item

questionnaire that used a Likert-type scale for responses.

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For statistical purposes, the following numerical

weights will be assigned to respective responses:

5 - Strongly Agree
4 – Moderately Agree
3 – Agree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree

For the descriptive interpretation of mean score, the

scale below will be used:

Mean Score Description

4.21 – 5.00 Very High

3.41 – 4.20 High
2.61 – 3.40 Moderate
1.81 – 2.60 Low
1.00 – 1.80 Very Low

Data–gathering Procedures

In conducting the study, a permission letter will be

given to the school principal to conduct the study on the

scheduled date. Then, the researcher will distribute the

instruments to the participants at specific time limit.

Together with the instruments will be the students’

information data sheet. The data that will be obtained from

the tests will be processed, encoded, and analyzed using the

Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

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Statistical Data Analysis Procedures

The following statistical tools will be employed in the

analysis of data.

Frequency. This will be used to determine the number of

male and female students as well as their socio-economic

status.

Percentage. This will be used to determine the number

of male and female students as well as their socio-economic

status.

Mean. This will be used to determine the level of

disaster awareness and disaster preparedness of students.

Standard Deviation. This will be used to determine the

homogeneity and heterogeneity of responses of students in

the disaster awareness and disaster preparedness

questionnaire.

Pearson r. This will be used to determine the

relationship between disaster awareness and disaster

preparedness of students.

All inferential tests will be set at 0.05 alpha level

of significance.