The original Black civilizations of Mexico and

Mesoamerica

Ancient Man and His First Civilizations

Mesoamerica

Mexico and Central America

Olmec decline

The circumstances of Olmec decline, whether by military defeat, cultural

exhaustion or environmental catastrophe is unknown, however evidence
does suggest a violent end. What is known, is that Olmec cultural traits and
technology were embraced, and carried forward by the Amerindian peoples
in Mesoamerica and South America. The most prominent Olmec technology
carried forward was building construction, especially Pyramid building. All of
the later major American Indian cultures (south of the United States),
engaged in Pyramid building. Pottery and metallurgy were also important
Olmec contributions to the Americas.
Panama
 Kaminaljuyu Guatemala

Kaminaljuyu is a site of the early Maya civilization that was primarily

occupied from 1500 B.C. to 1200 A.D. Kaminaljuyu has been described as
one of the greatest of all archaeological sites in the New World. The known
parts of Kaminaljuyu lie on a broad plain beneath roughly the western third
of modern Guatemala City. First significant settlement dates to the Arévalo
phase, ca. 1100-1000 B.C, with indications of dense populations no later
than ca. 700 B.C. By the end of the Las Charcas culture (1000-700 B.C.)
Kaminaljuyu was developing religious and civic institutions. Scattered Las
Charcas remains throughout the Valley of Guatemala mark a major
occupation of the area at sites such as El Naranjo; at this latter site, as well
as at El Portón some 50 kilometers to the north and Takalik Abaj, 130
kilometers to the west in the lower piedmont plain, uncarved upright shaft
stones called stelae, mark the first appearance of a cult of time-reckoning,
which became one of the bases for the institution of Maya kingship. The
architecture of Middle Preclassic structures consisted of hardened adobe
bricks that served later, as foundations for raised platforms and pyramidal
temples.
Excavations indicate that from early in the Middle Preclassic period the
community was large enough to produce heavy refuse deposits. Cotton was
grown as well as maize; palaeobotanical research also has identified
anonas, avocados, cacao, black beans, palm nuts, plums, and sapodilla
(zapote blanco). Arboriculture developed - with groves of crop trees grown
in terraces down to the edges of great ravines. Specialists practiced loom-
weaving and were expert potters. Large-scale workshops for obsidian tool-
making were spread around the ancient city. Religious practices that would
later be further developed throughout Mesoamerica were elaborating
during the early Middle Preclassic at Kaminaljuyu, including the erection of
mounds to serve as substructures for small shrines or
funerary/administrative temples, the development of a complex pantheon
of deities - probably based on some primordial mythology and cosmology
of which the Popol Vuh represents a fragment - and euhemerism, an
incensario and stela cult, and warfare to procure captives for royal
sacrifice.
The Caribbean
 The Izapan

Neither the Olmec civilization, nor the Olmec people, died off suddenly. There
was a gradual process of one ascending and the other descending. Though
fundamentally Olmec, the Izapan civilization is a clear example of a midpoint
between the Olmec and the Classic Maya {the next great civilization}, in time
and cultural content. For the following early Maya traits are found there: the
stele–altar complex, long-lipped deities, hieroglyphic writing and Long Count
dates on some monuments, U-shaped motifs, and painted reliefs.
The Maya
The Maya were the first of the Amerindian people to gain hegemony in
MesoAmerica {Mexico and Central America}. From as early as 1500 B.C, the
Maya people had settled in villages and were practicing agriculture based on
the cultivation of corn (maize), beans, and squash. They also began to build
ceremonial centers, and by 200 A.D, these had developed into cities
containing temples, pyramids, palaces, plazas, and courts for playing ball.
There was also a system of hieroglyphic writing and highly sophisticated
calendar and astronomical systems. At this point it is not known how much
of this was uniquely Mayan, and how much was taken directly from the
Olmec.

Mayan hieroglyphs often depict the histories of Mayan rulers who waged war
on rival Mayan cities and took their aristocrats captive. These captives were
then tortured, mutilated, and sacrificed to the Mayan gods.
Torture and human sacrifice were fundamental religious rituals of Mayan
society; they were thought to guarantee fertility, demonstrate piety, and
propitiate the gods, and if such practices were neglected, cosmic disorder
and chaos were thought to result. The drawing of human blood was thought
to nourish the gods and was thus necessary to achieve contact with them;
hence the Mayan rulers, as the intermediaries between the Mayan people
and the gods, had to undergo ritual bloodletting and self-torture.
Maya Vases with Roll-outs
Above is one panel of the oldest known Maya mural, discovered in 2001 at
the ancient Maya city of San Bartolo in the lowlands of northeastern
Guatemala. The mural tells the story of creation, the mythology of kingship,
and the divine right of a king. The first part of the mural shows the
establishment of order in the world. The world is propped up by trees with
roots leading to the underworld and branches holding up the sky. Four
deities, who are representations of the maize god's son, provide a blood
sacrifice and a unique offering before each tree.

The story starts with the deity above, who is patron of kings, standing in
water. He's running a large spear through his own penis, letting blood. Each
additional panel depicts rituals and sacrifice culminating in the crowning of
the king.

The Maya however, were not only interested in ritual and sacrifice: In
mathematics, positional notation and the use of the zero represented a
pinnacle of intellectual achievement. Mayan astronomy underlay a complex
calendar system involving an accurately determined solar year (18 months
of 20 days, plus an unlucky 5-day period), a sacred year of 260 days (13
cycles of 20 named days), and a variety of longer cycles culminating in the
Long Count, based on a zero date in 3114 BC. Mayan astronomers compiled
precise tables of positions for the Moon and Venus and were able to predict
solar eclipses.

Xultun

Science 11 May 2012: Ancient Maya Astronomical Tables from Xultun,

Guatemala - William A. Saturno, David Stuart, Anthony F. Aveni, Franco Rossi.

Maya astronomical tables are recognized in bark-paper books from the Late
Postclassic period (1300 to 1521 C.E.), but Classic period (200 to 900 C.E.)
precursors have not been found. In 2011, a small painted room was
excavated at the extensive ancient Maya ruins of Xultun, Guatemala, dating
to the early 9th century C.E. The walls and ceiling of the room are painted
with several human figures. Two walls also display a large number of
delicate black, red, and incised hieroglyphs. Many of these hieroglyphs are
calendrical in nature and relate astronomical computations, including at
least two tables concerning the movement of the Moon, and perhaps Mars
and Venus. These apparently represent early astronomical tables and may
shed light on the later books.
Composite view of the scene
 Teotihuacán

The next culture to arise was that of Teotihuacán, it was the most important
and largest city of pre-Aztec central Mexico, located about 30 miles
northeast of modern Mexico City. At its height (about 500 A.D.), it
encompassed some 20 square miles and supported a population estimated
at 200,000 people, making it at the time, one of the largest cities in the
world. Their language is unknown, their ethnicity appears to be Olmec.
Unfortunately no ancient Teotihuacano texts are known to exist, but the city
is occasionally referred to in the texts of Maya monuments, these show that
Teotihuacan nobility traveled to and married with the families of local rulers
as far away as Honduras.
Maya hieroglyphs mention a “Spearthrower Owl”, apparently an Emperor of
Teotihuacan, who reigned for over 60 years and apparently imposed his
relatives as kings of the cities of Tikal and Uaxactun, which were cities in
Guatemala. The city also had large numbers of merchants, many of whom
had immigrated there from great distances. The priest-Emperor who
governed the city also staged grand religious pageants and ceremonies that
often involved human sacrifices.
 The Zapotec of Monte Albán

The next great culture was that of the Zapotec, their capital city of Monte
Albán, was built over a period of 2,000 years, starting at about 900 B.C.
Though their early art shows Olmec influence, there can be little doubt that
the people of Monte Albán were Zapotec. Who during Classic times had the
opportunity to develop their civilization, unaffected by the major troubles
that disturbed Teotihuacán and the Maya at the close of the Early Classic
period.
 The Mixtec

Then came the Mixtec people, who flourished between 1200 A.D, and 1521
A.D. They were contemporaneous with the Aztecs but managed to retain
their independence. Their homeland was a mountainous region in Oaxaca,
southern Mexico, known as the Mixteca. They also came to dominate areas
of Oaxaca previously under the control of the Zapotec civilization, notably
the city of Monte Albán. The Mixtecs were renowned for their skilled work
with gold and turquoise mosaic, many of them were employed as artisans by
Aztec kings.
 The Huastec

Next are the Huastec, they are thought to date back to approximately 1000
B.C, however their most productive period is usually considered to be the
Post-Classic era, between the fall of Teotihuacan and the rise of the Aztec
Empire. They constructed temples on step-pyramids, carved independent
standing sculptures, and produced elaborately painted pottery. The Huastec
were unusual for being the only highly advanced people, who built cities, yet
usually wore no clothing.
 Cacaxtla

Cacaxtla is the name of a Late Classic to Epiclassic (600-900 A.D.) city in the
Puebla Valley, Tlaxcala, Mexico. At its height, Cacaxtla had a population of
about 10,000 Olmeca-Xicalanca people. Cacaxtla conquered Cholulu in the
7th century A.D, and became the capital of the valley, blending Nahua,
Mixtecs and Chochopolocans, until they in turn were overthrown by the
Toltecs.

Nearby Xochitecatl, unlike other contemporary sites, appears to have been a

purely ceremonial center for a population dispersed through the surrounding
countryside rather than the center of an urban area.
 The Toltecs

Then there were the Toltecs, who dominated much of central Mexico around
1200 A.D. Their language “Nahuatl”, was also spoken by the Aztecs. They
were a militaristic nomadic people, and they or their ancestors may have
sacked the city of Teotihuacan in 750 A.D.
Priest wearing the Human skin of sacrificed victims
Above, and to the right, we have a priest wearing the skin of a sacrificed
victim. A living human, clothed in a sacrificial victim's skin, (this is clearly
visible around the mouth and wrists). This type of image is among the most
awesome and most disturbing ever created by Mesoamerican artists. It
expresses the deeply held belief that death is necessary to life. Accordingly,
such figures were associated with fertility, rain, and the springtime renewal
of the earth's vegetation. Perhaps the wearer, upon shedding the skin, was
perceived as a sprout, emerging from a withered husk. Such figures also had
military meanings.

The Tlaxcalteca

The Tlaxcalteca were originally a conglomeration of three distinct ethnic

groups who spoke Nahuatl, Otomi and Pinome, respectively. Eventually, the
Nahuatl speakers became the dominant ethnic group. Despite early
attempts by the Mexica, the Tlaxcalteca were never conquered by the Aztec
Triple Alliance. The Aztecs allowed them to maintain their independence so
that they could participate in the xochiyaoyatl (flower wars) with them,
which provided victims for the Aztec rituals requiring human sacrifice.

The Tlaxcaltecas served as allies to Hernán Cortés and his fellow Spanish
conquistadors, and were instrumental in the invasion of Tenochtitlan,
capital of the Aztec empire: and helping the Spanish reach the Valley of
Anahuac, they provided most of the invasion force.

Due to their alliance with the Spanish Crown in the conquest of Mexico, the
Tlaxcalteca enjoyed some privileges among the indigenous peoples of
Mexico, including the right to carry firearms, ride horses, hold noble title
and to rule their settlements autonomously. The Tlaxcalteca were also
instrumental in the establishment of a number of settlements in Northern
Mexico (including parts of present-day southeastern Texas), where
conquest of local tribes by the Spaniards had proved unfruitful. They were
taken to areas inhabited by nomadic bellicose tribes (known as the
Chichimeca) to serve as examples for the local indigenous groups of model
subjects of the Spanish Crown, and to work in mines and haciendas. The
Tlaxcaltec colonies in the Chichimeca included settlements in the modern
states of San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas, Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo León —
Nueva Tlaxcala de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Horcasistas, today
known as Guadalupe, and Santiago de las Sabinas, today known as Sabinas
Hidalgo — and Jalisco (Villa de Nueva Tlaxcala de Quiahuistlán, today
known as Colotlán).

Because the Tlaxcalans allied themselves with the Spanish to defeat the
Aztecs, they were rewarded with concessions from the Spanish that
allowed the territory to remain mostly intact throughout 300 years of
colonial period. After Mexican Independence, Tlaxcala was declared a
federal territory, until 1857 when it was admitted as a state of the
federation.
 The Aztec

The last of the great MesoAmerican cultures were the Aztec, they were a
Nahuatl-speaking people, who in the 15th and early 16th centuries, ruled a
large empire in what is now central and southern Mexico. The Aztec are so-
called from the word Aztlán (“White Land”), an allusion to their place of
origin, possibly in northern Mexico. They were also called the "Tenochca"
from a mythical ancestor "Tenoch" and the "Mexica" probably from
Metzliapán (“Moon Lake”), the mystical name for Lake Texcoco. From
“Tenochca” was derived the name of their great city, Tenochtitlán; and from
“Mexica” came the name for the city that succeeded the Aztec capital, and
the surrounding valley. This name was applied later to the whole Mexican
nation.
By 1492 A.D, Europeans (the Spaniards), had discovered the "New World"
(smile: it had a 100 million people)
Christopher Columbus, had earlier landed in the Caribbean, and had set in
motion the killing, looting and subjugation of the Arawak and Caribe indians
that he had found there. This precipitated the mass influx of Europeans,
(mostly at this time from Spain and Portugal), who all had the same thing in
mind, plundering and looting.

WAS COLUMBUS BLACK?

Judge the evidence for yourself:

 Click here: >>>
(http://www.realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Images_O
lmec/Columbus.htm)
Now enters Hernando Cortes: After several years as a gentleman farmer on
the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (now Haiti and the Dominican republic).
Hernando Cortes (a Spaniard), now felt the desire for adventure and booty,
accordingly he joined the military expedition of Diego de Velazquez, which
was bent on capturing Cuba. After that victory, Cortes became the mayor of
Santiago Cuba, and married the sister-in-law of Velazquez. In 1518,
Velazquez gave Cortes permission to form a small force of about 550 men,
with a fleet of eleven ships, to conduct an exploration of Mexico.

In 1519 Cortez landed in Mexico, the first great cities that Cortes
encountered, were the cities of the Totonacs, he first went to Cempoala,
(population about 80,000). Here they told Cortes of the great and rich Empire
of the Aztec people further inland, {and it is here at this time that Cortes is
offered twenty young women as his slaves, one of them is an Aztec maiden,
later to be known as Malinche, she will serve as his interpreter with the
Aztec}.

"La Malinche" Slave, interpreter, secretary, mistress, and mother of the first
"Mexican", their son "Don Mahin Cortes", her very name still stirs up
controversy. Many Mexicans continue to revile the woman called Doña
Marina by the Spaniards and La Malinche by the Aztecs, labeling her a traitor
and harlot for her role as the alter ego of Hernando Cortes as he conquered
Mexico. Her ability to communicate also enabled the Spaniards to introduce
Christianity. Herself a convert and baptized Marina, she was an advocate for
her new faith.

Her story, is one that causes great consternation to the non-European

people of Mexico. There is however, no room to go into it here.
Likewise, there is no room to go in-depth into the relationship between the
Aztec people, and the people that they maintained Hegemony over. Suffice to
say, that the Aztec required the people that they had conquered, to
participate in what were called, “Flowery Wars”. These were mock battles,
where the Aztec, after symbolically capturing an enemy (who would be un-
injured), would then have an un-blemished candidate, for sacrifice to their
gods.

Needless to say, the tribes saw Cortez and his cannon as a god-sent. Each
tribe raised its army, and rallied to Cortez, (these numbered in the many tens
of thousands). Of course the tribes would quickly come to regret this, after
the Aztec had been defeated.

Next Cortez encountered the Tlaxcalans, they also joined. And on they went
to confront the Aztec. In Tenochtitlan Montezuma hears of the pale invaders.
He considers Cortés to be Quetzacoatl, the great god who left Mexico many
years before, on a raft of snakes, vowing to return. And who, according to
legend, had taught them about agriculture and government and whose return
they were to welcome with great ceremony. Believing the Spanish to be
descendants of the god Quetzalcoatl, Montezuma tries to persuade them to
leave by offering rich gifts.
Also knowing of this Aztec myth (probably from Malinche) Cortes exploits
the Aztec myth of a pale skinned, bearded god-king named Quetzalcoatl as
he approaches Tenochtitlan. Montezuma made an attempt to stop Cortes,
but his defenses lacked unity and tenacity both because of the Quetzalcoatl
legend, which dictated that his people welcome the return of the "white
god," and the fear generated by the sight of Spanish horses and firearms,
which the Aztecs had never seen before. As a result of their quandary, as
well as the the tactic used by the Spanish conquistadors and their allies of
actually killing their enemies in battle as opposed to capturing them for
sacrifice. By the time the Aztecs had caught on and changed their tactics, it
was too late. Cortes quickly defeated their army and on November 18, 1519,
Cortes entered the Aztec capital and imprisoned Montezuma. Later, after
seeing that Montezuma had no value as a hostage, he was later killed.

Note the Black soldier with Cortes

The Aztec continued to battle for quite a bit longer, but the die was already
cast, with all of the other tribes against them, the Aztec cause was hopeless.
Of course after the Aztec were defeated, the Spanish turned on the tribes,
and one by one they were defeated and enslaved. Then the plundering and
looting, which had already begun, could proceed in ernest. The subsequent
killing, slavery and disease would destroy over 75% of the population, and
bring an end to the MesoAmerican cultures and most of their people.

The People behind the Destruction

King Ferdinand's letter to the Taino/Arawak Indians

Below is a letter, which King Ferdinand sent along with Columbus on his
second voyage to Haiti. It was to be communicated to the Taino/Arawak
Indians. It is a fascinating document. The King wants the Indians to
acknowledge the Christian religion and God, and to accept the authority of
the King of Spain.
The letter..

In the name of King Ferdinand and Juana, his daughter, Queen of Castile
and Leon, etc., conquerors of barbarian nations, we notify you as best we
can that our Lord God Eternal created Heaven and earth and a man and
woman from whom we all descend for all times and all over the world. In
the 5,000 years since creation the multitude of these generations caused
men to divide and establish kingdoms in various parts of the world, among
whom God chose St. Peter as leader of mankind, regardless of their law,
sect or belief. He seated St. Peter in Rome as the best place from which to
rule the world but he allowed him to establish his seat in all parts of the
world and rule all people, whether Christians, Moors, Jews, Gentiles or any
other sect. He was named Pope, which means admirable and greatest
father, governor of all men. Those who lived at that time obeyed St. Peter as
Lord and superior King of the universe, and so did their descendants obey
his successors and so on to the end of time.

The late Pope gave these islands and mainland of the ocean and the
contents hereof to the above-mentioned King and Queen, as is certified in
writing and you may see the documents if you should so desire. Therefore,
Their Highnesses are lords and masters of this land; they were
acknowledged as such when this notice was posted, and were and are being
served willingly and without resistance; then, their religious envoys were
acknowledged and obeyed without delay, and all subjects unconditionally
and of their own free will became Christians and thus they remain. Their
Highnesses received their allegiance with joy and benignity and decreed
that they be treated in this spirit like good and loyal vassals and you are
under the obligation to do the same.

Therefore, we request that you understand this text, deliberate on its

contents within a reasonable time, and recognize the Church and its highest
priest, the Pope, as rulers of the universe, and in their name the King and
Queen of Spain as rulers of this land, allowing the religious fathers to
preach our holy Faith to you. You own compliance as a duty to the King and
we in his name will receive you with love and charity, respecting your
freedom and that of your wives and sons and your rights of possession and
we shall not compel you to baptism unless you, informed of the Truth, wish
to convert to our holy Catholic Faith as almost all your neighbors have done
in other islands, in exchange for which Their Highnesses bestow many
privileges and exemptions upon you. Should you fail to comply, or delay
maliciously in so doing, we assure you that with the help of God we shall
use force against you, declaring war upon you from all sides and with all
possible means, and we shall bind you to the yoke of the Church and of
Their Highnesses; we shall enslave your persons, wives and sons, sell you
or dispose of you as the King sees fit; we shall seize your possessions and
harm you as much as we can as disobedient and resisting vassals. And we
declare you guilty of resulting deaths and injuries, exempting Their
Highnesses of such guilt as well as ourselves and the gentlemen who
accompany us. We hereby request that legal signatures be affixed to this
text and pray those present to bear witness for us, etc.
 Banquet of Chestnuts

The Banquet of Chestnuts, known more properly as the Ballet of Chestnuts,

refers to a fête in Rome, and particularly to a supper held in the Papal
Palace by Don Cesare Borgia, son of Pope Alexander VI on October 30,
1501. An account of the banquet is preserved in a Latin diary by
Protonotary Apostolic and Master of Ceremonies Johann Burchard (it is
entitled Liber Notarum).

The banquet was given in Cesare's apartments in the Palazzo Apostolico.

Fifty prostitutes or courtesans were in attendance for the entertainment of
the banquet guests. After the food was eaten, lamp stands holding lighted
candles were placed on the floor and chestnuts strewn about. The clothes
of the courtesans were auctioned; then the prostitutes and the guests
crawled naked among the lamp stands to pick up the chestnuts.
Immediately following the spectacle, members of the clergy and other party
guests together engaged with the prostitutes in sexual activity. According
to Burchard, "prizes were offered--silken doublets, pairs of shoes, hats and
other garments--for those men who were most successful with the
prostitutes".

According to William Manchester, "Servants kept score of each man's

orgasms, for the pope greatly admired virility and measured a man's
machismo by his ejaculative capacity." Another source states that Pope
Alexander VI was actually there and himself suggested the scorekeeping
method. Manchester also refers to the use of sex toys; Burchard, however,
makes no reference to this in his account of the banquet.

Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, tried to save the native

Americans, but the White greed was too great, he failed.
Charles oversaw the Spanish colonization of the Americas, including the
conquest of both the Aztec Empire and the Inca Empire. Uncomfortable
with how his viceroys were governing the Americas vis-à-vis the Native
Americans, Charles consulted figures such as Francisco de Vitoria and
Bartolomé de las Casas on the morality of colonization.

Though always at war, Charles was essentially a lover of peace, and all his
wars were virtually defensive. "Not greedy of territory", wrote Marcantonio
Contarini in 1536, "but most greedy of peace and quiet." Charles retired in
1556. The Habsburg Monarchy passed to Charles' younger brother
Ferdinand, whereas the Spanish Empire was inherited by his son Philip II.
 Mexico's Black President

Mexico's 2nd President and First (and only) Black President - Vicente
Guerrero (10 August 1782 – 14 February 1831)
He was a major military leader during Mexico's war For Independence and as
president ended slavery in his nation on September 15, 1829 (In office
1 April 1829 – 17 December 1829).

(Posthumous 1850 portraits - he was probably not so mulatto)

 Naturally - The Albinos have a fake painting, depicting Vicente
Guerrero as an Albino!

His Proclamation:

The President of the United States of Mexico, know ye: That desiring to
celebrate in the year of 1829 the anniversary of our independence with an
act of justice and national beneficence, which might result in the benefit
and support of a good, so highly to be appreciated, which might cement
more and more the public tranquility, which might reinstate an unfortunate
part of its inhabitants in the sacred rights which nature gave them, and
which the nation protects by wise and just laws, in conformance with the
30th article of the constitutive act, in which the use of extraordinary powers
are ceded to me,

I have thought it proper to decree:

1st. Slavery is abolished in the republic.

2nd. Consequently, those who have been until now considered slaves are
free.
3rd. When the circumstances of the treasury may permit, the owners of the
slaves will be indemnified in the mode that the laws may provide.

And in order that every part of this decree may be fully complied with, let it
be printed, published, and circulated. Given at the Federal Palace of Mexico,
the 15th of September, 1829. Vicente Guerrero to José María Bocanegra.
However, Guerrero immediately received strong warnings from Texas,
where most of the slaveholders were located, of "serious inconvenience
apprehended by the execution of the decree of the 15th of September last,
on the subject of abolition of slavery in that department and the fatal
results to be expected, prejudicial to the tranquility and even to the political
existence of the state." Thus, scarcely two months later, Guerrero sent a
note dated 20 November communicating to the governor and military
garrisons of Texas that the Texas slaves would remain enslaved.
 On 4 December 1829, Vice-President Anastasio Bustamante

rose in revolt against Guerrero (Plan de Jalapa).

Guerrero received permission from Congress to take the field to combat the
rebels. Later, the military garrison of Mexico City joined the Plan de Jalapa
against Guerrero and installed an executive triumvirate of Pedro Vélez, Lucas
Alamán and Luis de Quintanar. Guerrero hoped to come back to power, but
Bustamante captured him through bribery and had him executed. After his
death, Mexicans loyal to Guerrero revolted, driving Bustamante from his
presidency and forcing him to flee for his life. Picaluga, a former friend of
Guerrero, who conspired with Bustamante to capture Guerrero, was
executed. Honors were conferred on surviving members of Guerrero's family,
and a pension was paid to his widow. In 1842, Vicente Guerrero's body was
returned to Mexico City and interred there.
 After the death of Vicente Guerrero, the fortunes of Mexico's

Blacks and Darks went down, and stayed down:

Click here for modern Mexico's Blacks and other Dark Skinned
people: Click here >>>>>
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mericas/Dark_Mexicans.htm)

Albinos and History

Throughout the pages of Realhistoryww we have cautioned our readers that

Albinos are degenerate liars on issues of Race, and their Near-Albino
Mulattoes are sometimes even worst, because they are trying to elevate their
"Believed" status (who but an Albino, or near Albino, would WANT to be an
Albino?), to Same-as-White status, while at the same time ingratiating
themselves to full Albinos (perhaps "making the best of a bad situation" is
apropos). Of course the Albinos greatest impediment is his weakness to
Sunlight. Which is of course why they needed to Enslave "Normal"
(Pigmented) people to do their farming and other "Outside" work for them, (if
they wanted to eat, and not starve, that is).

In the United States, in the lead-up to the Civil War, each state
gave its reason for leaving the Union.

This is the state of Mississippi's reason:

Mississippi quote: Our position is thoroughly identified with the institution of
slavery—the greatest material interest of the world. Its labor supplies the
product which constitutes by far the largest and most important portions of
commerce of the earth. These products are peculiar to the climate verging
on the tropical regions, and by an “imperious” (meaning power or authority
without justification; one arrogant and domineering), law of nature, none but
the "BLACK RACE" can bear exposure to the Tropical Sun: (today they claim
to be the most pious Americans, “The Good, God Fearing People”. Yet they
call the supposed works of God “imperious”??) . These products have
become necessities of the world, and a blow at slavery is a blow at
commerce and civilization. That blow has been long aimed at the institution,
and was at the point of reaching its consummation. There was no choice left
us but submission to the mandates of abolition, or a dissolution of the
Union, whose principles had been subverted to work out our ruin.

Thus it is with this knowledge and understanding that we must vet and
scrutinize the Clinical and Theoretical studies of Albinos. Since there is no
telling when Blacks will have the "Wherewithal" to do their own studies, we
had best get good at vetting Albino studies like the one below.

But before we get to the study, let us get a few things straight. First, we have
said that Albinos lie, but we have not made clear "Why" Albinos lie. First and
foremost, Albinos do not like it that each of them are merely the product of a
Black Man and a Black Woman who had defective Melanin producing genes.
Even though most European Albinos have Albino parents today (due to
breeding among themselves in Central Asia): somewhere in time, they
started out with Black Parents. Another reason is that Albinos took over the
world less that 500 years ago, so they are still trying to cement their Fake
history of the World. Thus admitting that original Americans were Black
Negroid's and Black Mongoloids puts to lie their Fake history of Albino
everyone, everywhere. Central to their stupid, delusional, lie history; is that All
Blacks in the Americas are the result of the importation of African Slaves to
the Americas. The problem for their lie history is that it's easily provable that
Mexico and the United States actually imported few African Slaves. (See
chart below).
Naturally our job is to show that racist, lying Albinos are indeed
lying, so on the issue of the race of the original Americans, here is
the scientific proof: provided by non-racist, non-lying Albinos (not
all Albinos are degenerates).
 And here, a similar study 10 years later, says the same thing:

"Original Americans" from the Olmec to the Aztec and Inca, THEY
WERE ALL BLACK PEOPLE!
 So on to the Study...

Admixture and population structure in Mexican-Mestizos based on paternal

lineages.
A total of 186,766 Africans were imported into Mexico during the
300 years of the Spanish Slave Trade: The current population of
Mexico is 126.2 million (2018). Looking at the appearance of
modern Mexicans, it becomes clear that the Albinos "Make-it-up-
as-they-go". There is no way 186,766 Africans and a few thousands
of Black Skinned Mongols could be responsible for the
"pigmented" side of well over a 100 million "Light and Dark
Skinned" Mestizos. To see pictures of modern Mexicans of every
hue, click here: >>>
(http://www.realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Misc/Am
ericas/Dark_Mexicans.htm)
 Also, please note that in all of South America and Central
America, the Spanish imported ONLY 658,015 Africans!!

That means that in no Spanish ruled mainland country, could

AFRICANS account for the Black and Brown skinned populations.

But Millions of Black natives could and do!

Notes:

Guatemala is not a part of Mexico - it just happen to be in the list for Spanish
Mainland Americas.

New Spain - Written by the Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Viceroyalty of New Spain, the first of the four viceroyalties that Spain created
to govern its conquered lands in the New World. Established in 1535, it
initially included all land north of the Isthmus of Panama under Spanish
control. This later came to include upper and lower California, the area that
is now the central and southwestern portion of the United States, and
territory eastward along the Gulf of Mexico to Florida. The Viceroyalty of
New Spain was also charged with governing Spain’s Caribbean possessions.
Later, in 1565, the newly conquered Philippines were placed under the
jurisdiction of New Spain.
Remembering that this study was done in 2012, perhaps before the lies of
commercial genome testing companies was documented: so as a service to
the authors of this study; NO!!! SNPs and STRs CANNOT establish where
people came from. Here at Realhistoryww we provide many exhibits to prove
that they lie. Among them, we have one of our own pages debunking the
claims of Ancestry DNA companies: Click here>>.
(http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Misc/Ancestry_DNA_Tests
/Ancestry_DNA_Tests.htm) And for those who don't feel that we are
authoritative enough for them, we have a "60 Minutes" program titled
"Rebuilding the Family Tree:" A CBS News expose of the "Wildly" false claims
of Genetic Testers. Click here: >>> (https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=vWXbXfVr07g)

(We just started, and already we know that these Albinos lie).
 Like so many Albinos doing studies, this bunch depends on the
ignorance of its readers:

and once again, Realhistoryww comes to the rescue to "EDUCATE"

its readers.
(No idiot authors, R* in NOT a European haplogroup; and YAP is NOT
exclusively African).

Haplogroup R (Y-DNA) - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Possible time of origin about 27,000 years BP. Possible place of origin
possibly Central Asia, Siberia, or South Asia.

Haplogroup R, or R-M207, is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is both

numerous and widespread amongst modern populations. Some descendant
subclades have been found since pre-history in Europe, Central Asia and
South Asia. Others have long been present, at lower levels, in parts of West
Asia and Africa. Some authorities have also suggested, more
controversially, that R-M207 has long been present among Native
Americans in North America – a theory that has not yet been widely
accepted.

Haplogroup DE (YAP) - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Possible time of origin 70,000-75,000 or already 141,000 years split between

CF and DE, ca. 73,100 years ago, or ca. 76,000 years ago
Possible place of origin Africa or Eurasia, Ancestor CT, Descendants E, D:
Defining mutations M1/YAP, M145 = P205, M203, P144, P153, P165, P167,
P183

Haplogroup DE is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is defined by

the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutations, or UEPs, M1(YAP),
M145(P205), M203, P144, P153, P165, P167, P183. DE is unique because it
is distributed in several geographically distinct clusters. An immediate
subclade, haplogroup D (also known as D-CTS3946), is mainly found in
Eastern Asia, parts of Central Asia, and the Andaman Islands, but also
sporadically in West Africa and West Asia. The other immediate subclade,
haplogroup E, is common in Africa, and to a lesser extent the Middle East
and Europe.

Here is what some people with the YAP polymorphism look like.

Seems like it would be kind of hard to distinguish Africans with it.

Note that above, YAP was used as an indicator of Africans: but YAP is a part of
haplogroup E*, so how can haplogroup E1b1b1 now be an indicator of Europeans?
Albinos make it up as they go!
Above: YAP and haplogroup E* are indicators of European ancestry, now they use it as
proof of AFRICAN ancestry. Though it is true that Blacks and their Albinos have the
same haplogroups, those haplogroups cannot be used to exclude one or the other. They
SHARE the genes!
As discussed in the Columbus "Special Subject Page", Black Europeans were indeed a
part of Columbus's crew.
Considering the errors and lies of this study, some must wonder WHY we
featured it. Two reasons: first it gave us a good opportunity to highlight what
the degenerate Racists do under the guise of science and education.

And two, it is one of the few studies that mention the wealth of genetic types
(Haplogroups) found in Mexico. These are the Y-dna haplogroups so-far
found in Mexico: O, C, C3, R, R1a1, R1b1, E1b1b1, FH, G, J, K, P, Q, Q1a3a.
Looking at AB only: Quote from Wikipedia: Haplogroup A is the NRY
macrohaplogroup from which all modern paternal haplogroups descend. It is
sparsely distributed in Africa, being concentrated among Khoisan
populations in the southwest, (the genetically OLDEST Humans) and Nilotic
populations toward the northeast in the Nile Valley (The Ancient Egyptians).

Some might now enjoy reading this Realhistory page and seeing what other
people around the World share these same haplogroups with Mexicans, and
realize just how much about Mexico that the Albinos and their near-
mulattoes are hiding. Click here: >>>
(http://www.realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Misc/Haplo_E/Haplo
group_E.htm)

Oh, and as a point of fact, the degenerate Spanish imported few

Africans to their territories (except for Cuba).

Rather, it was the degenerate Portuguese in Brazil, and the

degenerate British in the Caribbean,

who killed-off so many natives, that they needed to import

Africans.
 The term "North America" is sometimes used to refer only to Mexico,
Canada, the United States, and Greenland.

The creators of the database have not made clear what their definition of
"Mainland North America" is.

Note that the REAL Black population of the United States is around 100
million, (See results of the 2008 election):

Then note that whatever it is, they couldn't possibly come from less than a
HALF A MILLION AFRICANS (see above - 365,713)!!!

Nowhere is the lies and falsifications of the Albinos more apparent than with
the descendants of the Maya, in their old Homeland in what is now the
country of Belize (formerly British Honduras). The Spanish imported only
1,023 African Slaves into Maya-land - and as it happened, they were isolated
from the Native people. To properly show what happened in the Maya
Homeland, we have created a Special Subject Page titled "Belize." Click here
for the Belize page: >>>
(http://www.realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Misc/Belize/Belize.ht
m)
Now lets go down to South America, and see what is happening there.