Institute of Engineering

Purwanchal Campus, Dharan

Engineering Mathematics II (SH 451)
Unit I
Multivariable Calculus
Home Assignment
Submission due date:2079/09/10

Solve the following problems.

∂2z 2
1. If z = f (x + ay) + ϕ(x − ay), then show that ∂y 2
= a2 ∂∂2 xz

ex+y+z ∂u ∂u ∂u
2. If u = ex +ey +ez show that ∂x + ∂y + ∂z = 2u

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∂2u ∂2u ∂2u
3. If u = x2 + y 2 + z 2 ,find the value of ∂x2
+ ∂y 2
+ ∂z 2
.
−1
4. If u = (1 − 2xy + y 2 ) 2 , prove that x ∂u ∂u 2 3
∂x − y ∂y = y u

∂2u ∂2u
5. If u = f (r) and x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, prove that + = f ′′ (r) + 1r f ′ (r)

du
∂x2 ∂y 2

∂u 1 ∂v ∂u
6. If u = er cos θ cos(r sin θ) and v = er cos θ sin(r sin θ), show that ∂r = r ∂θ and ∂r = − 1r ∂u
∂θ .

7. Ifu = 1r f (θ), where x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, evaluate xux + yuy . c. e

FACT 1:The partial derivative fx (a, b) equals the slope of the tangent line to the curve of intersection
of the surface z = f (x, y) and the plane y = b at point (a, b, c) on the surface.
FACT 2:The partial derivative fy (a, b) equals the slope of the tangent line to the curve of intersection
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of the surface z = f (x, y) and the plane x = a at point (a, b, c) on the surface.

8. Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve of intersection of the surface z = f (x, y) = 2x2 − 3y 2

(a) with the plane y = 1 at the point (-2,1,5).

(b) with the plane x = −2 at the point (-2,1,5).
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9. Find the rate of change of z with respect to x along the intersection of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 14
and the plane y = 1 at (2,1,3).
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10. If u = log(x2 + y 2 + z 2 − 3xyz), show that (i) ∂u

∂x +
∂u
∂y + ∂u
∂z = 3
x+y+z
∂2u ∂2u ∂2u 3
(ii) ∂x2
+ ∂y 2
+ ∂z 2
= − (x+y+z)2.

∂ ∂ ∂ 2 9
(iii) ∂x + ∂y + ∂z ) u = − (x+y+z)2
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x2 y 2
x2 +y 2
when (x, y) ̸= (0, 0)
11. If f (x, y)={ , prove that fxy (0, 0)̸=fyx (0, 0).
0 when (x, y) = (0, 0)
12. If x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, prove that
∂r ∂x
(a) ∂x = ∂r
1 ∂x ∂θ
(b) r ∂θ = r ∂x
∂2θ ∂2θ
(c) ∂x2
+ ∂y 2 = 0.

x2 +y 2
13. If u=sin−1 x+y , show that x ∂u ∂u
∂x − y ∂y =tan u.

14. Approximate the change in hypotenuse of a right triangle of sides 60 mm and 80 mm, when shorter
side is lengthened by 2.5 mm and the longer side is shortened by 1.5 mm.

15. The dimensions of a rectangular block of wood are 100, 120 and 200 mm with possible error of 5 mm
in each of measurements. Find (approximately) the greatest error in the surface area of the block and
the percentage error in the area caused by the error in the individual measurements.

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16. A cola company requires cans in the shape of a right circular cylinder of height 10 cm and radius 3
cm. If can manufacturer claims a percentage error of no more than 0.2% in the height and no more
than 0.1% in the radius, what is the maximum error in the volume?

17. Minimize the function x2 + y 2 + z 2 subject to the constraints x + 2y + 3z = 16 and x + 3y + 9z = 9.

18. Find the point nearest to the origin on the line of intersection of the planes y + 2z = 12 and x + y = 6

19. Find the dimension of the closed rectangular box with maximum volume that can be inscribed in the
unit sphere.

20. a rectangular box open at the top has a capicity of 256 cubic feet. Applying the Lagrange’s method
of undetermined multipliers determine the dimension of the box such that least material is required
for the construction of the box.

21. Find the nearest point on the surface z 2 = xy + 1 nearest to the origin.

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22. Apacecraft in the shape of an ellipsoid 4x2 + y 2 + 4z 2 = 16 enters the earth’s atmosphere and its
surface begins to heat. After on hour, the temperature at the point (x, y, z) on the craft is T (x, y, z) =
8x2 + 4yz − 16z + 600. Find the hottest point on the craft’s surface.

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23. Divide 120 into three parts in such a way that the sum of their products taken two at a time, is
maximum.

24. Show that f (x, y) = y 2 + 2x2 y + 2x4 has a minimum value at (0, 0).
c. e
25. State and prove Euler’s Theorem for homogeneous function of two variables.

26. Find extreme value of x2 + y 2 + z 2 under the condition ax + by + cz = p.

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3 3
27. If u = tan−1 ( xx+y
+y
), show that x ∂u ∂u
∂x + y ∂y = sin 2u

28. Evaluate the following integrals.

R R 1 x2
(a) x e dy dx. y
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0 0
R R 1 x2
y
(b) e dy dx. x
0 0
R R √
1+x2
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1
1
(c) dy dx. 1+x2 +y 2
0 0
R R ∞ ∞
(d) e x dx dy. −x2 (1+y 2 )
0 0
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RR
(e) xy(x + y) dx dy.,where R is the region bounded by the line y = x and the curve y = x . 2
R
R R 3 1
(f) (x + 3y ) dy dx. 2 2
0 0
R R √
2 2x−x2
(g) x dy dx.
0 0
R R √
1 y
(h) (x + y ) dx dy. 2 2
0 y
R R π aθ
(i) r dr dθ. 3
0 0
R R π a sin θ
(j) r dr dθ.
0 0
RR
x2 y2
29. Evaluate (x + y)2 dy dx., where R is the region bounded by the ellipse a2
+ b2
= 1.
R

2
 RR
x2 y2
30. Evaluate xy dy dx., where R is the region bounded by the ellipse a2
+ b2
= 1 in the first
R
quadrant.
RR
31. Evaluate r3 dr dθ, where R is the between the circles r = 2 cos θ and r = 4 cos θ.
R
R R a
R R √
√ x a a2 −x2
2
32. Express x dy dx + a
x dy dx as a single integral and evaluate it.
0 0 √ 0
2
R R 1 2−x
33. Express f (x, y) dx dy as the sum of two double integrals.
0 x2
R R 1 2
2

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34. Evaluate ex dx dy.
0 2y
RR
35. Evaluate xy dy dx., where R is the region bounded by the straight lines y = 4x, x+y = 3, y = 0
R
and y = 2.

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36. Evaluate the following by changing the order of integration.
R R √
a a− a2 −y 2
xy log(x+a)
(a)
0 0
dx dy. (x−a)2
c. e
R 1
R 2−x
x
(b) dx dy. y
0 x
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R 1
R 2−x
(c) xy dx dy.
0 x
R a
√
2
R√ a2 −y 2
(d) x dx dy.
0 y
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R π/2
R p y
2 2
(e) dy cos 2y 1 − a sin x dx.
0 0
R R √
2 2x−x2
√ x
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(f) dy dx.
0 0 x2 +y 2
R a
R x
√ cos y
(g) dy dx.
0 0 (a−x)(a−y)
R a
R 2a−x
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(h) x2
xy dy dx.
0 a
R 2
R 3−x
(i) x2
xy dy dx.
0 4
R R √
3 4−y
(j) (x + y) dx dy.
0 0
R ∞
R x 2
− xy
(k) xe dy dx.
0 0
R a
R a
√ y2
(l) √ dy dx.
0 ax y 4 −a2 x2
R a
R a
x
(m) X 2 +y 2
dx dy.
0 y

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37. Solve by changing into polar form.
R R √
a a2 −x2 p
(a) x2 + y 2 dy dx.
0 0
RR
(b) y 2 dx dy., where R is the region between the circles x2 +y 2 −ax = 0 and x2 +y 2 −2ax = 0.
R
RR
(c) 1
3 dx dy., where R is the region bounded by the straight lines x = 0, y = 0, x = 1
R (1+x2 +y 2 ) 2
and y = 1.
R R √
1 1−y 2 q
1−x2 −y 2
(d) (1+x2 +y 2 )
dx dy.
0 0
R R a a
2
(e) √x dx dy.

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0 0 x2 +y 2
R R a y
y
√
(f) y2
dx dy.
0 (a−x) ax−y 2
a
R R

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∞ ∞
38. By changing the order of integration in the integral e−xy sin px dx dy , show that
R 0 0
∞
sin px
x dx = π2 . c. e
0
R R ∞ ∞
2 +y 2 )
39. Evaluate the integral e−(x dx dy,by transforming it into polar co-ordinates. Hence
R 0 0
∞
2
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find e−x dx.

0
RR
r dr dθ
40. Evaluate √
r2 +a2
over one loop of r2 = a2 cos 2θ.

41. Evalauate the following integrals.

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R R R 1 2 2
(a) x yz dx dy dz., 2
0 0 1
R R R
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1 1 1−x
(b) x dz dy dx.,
0 y2 0
RRR
(c) (x + y + z) dx dy dz.,
R
R R R√
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√
1 1−x2 1−x2 −y 2
√ dz dy dx
(d) .,
0 0 0 1−x2 −y 2 −z 2
a2 −r 2
R R R π/2 a sin θ a
(e) r dz dr dθ.,
0 0 0
R R R log 2 x x+log y
(f) e dz dy dx., x+y+z
0 0 0
R R R a x x+y
(g) e dz dy dx., x+y+z
0 0 0
R R R e log y ex
(h) log z dz dx dy.,
1 1 1
R R R 1 z x+z
(i) (x + y + z) dx dy dz.,
0 0 x−z
R R R√ 1
√
1−x2 1−x2 −y 2
(j) xyz dz dy dx.,
0 0 0

4
 R R R 1 1−x 1−x−y
dz dy dx
(k) (x+y+z+1)3
.
0 0 0
R R R √ √
4 2 z 4z−x2
(l) dz dy dx.,
0 0 0

42. Evaluate the following integrals chnging into polar co-ordinates.

R R R √ √
1 1−x2 1−x2 −y 2
√ dz dy dx
(a) .
0 0 0 1−x2 −y 2 −z 2
R R R p
∞ ∞ ∞
2 +y 2 +z 2 )
(b) x2 + y 2 + z 2 e−(x dx dy dz.
0 0 0

43. If a denotes the radius of the base and h the altitude of a right circular cone, express its volume as a
triple integral and evaluate using cylindrical polar co-ordinates.

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44. Apply diritchlett’s integral to find the volume of an octant of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 25.

45. Apply diritchlett’s integral to find the volume of the solid bounded by the surface ( xa )2/3 + ( yb )2/3 +
( zc )2/3 = 1

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x2 y2 z2
46. Apply diritchlett’s integral to find the volume of the ellipsoid a2
+ b2
+ c2
= 1 in the first octatant.
RRR c. e
47. Evaluate xl−1 y m−1 z n−1 dx dy dz over the region V bounded by x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, z ≥ 0 and
V
x + y + z = 1.
RRR
48. Evaluate xl−1 y m−1 z n−1 dx dy dz over the region V bounded by x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, z ≥ 0 and
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V
x p

q z r
+ yb +



a c ≤ 1.
RRR
49. Evaluate (x − 2y + z) dx dy dz, where V is the region bounded by 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤
V
x2 , ; 0 ≤ z ≤ x + y.
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RRR
50. Evaluate x2 dx dy dz, where V is the region bounded by the planes x = 0, y = 0, z = 0
V
esh

and x + y + z = a.
RRR
51. Evaluate dx dy dz, where V is the region bounded by the planes x = 0, y = 0, z =
V
0 and y = 8 and by the cylinder x2 + z 2 = 9.
din

RRR
52. Evaluate x dv, where V is the region bounded by the co-ordinates planes and and the
V
plane x + y + z = 1.
RRR
53. Evaluate x dx dy dz, where V is the region in the first octant bounded by the surface
V
2 2 2
x +y +z =1
3 3 3

RRR
54. Evaluate xα−1 y β−1 z γ−1 dx dy dz over the region V in the first octant bounded by the
V
surface x2 + y 2 + z2 = 1.
Application of double and triple integrals.
x2 y2
55. Find the area of the plate in the form of a quadrant of the ellipse a2
+ b2
= 1. [Use double integral ]

56. Find the area betweeb the parabolas y 2 = 4ax and x2 = 4ay. [Use double integral ]

57. Find the area lying between the parabola y = 4x − x2 and the line y = x. [Use double integral ]

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58. Find the smaller area bounded by the curves x2 + y 2 = 9 and x + y = 3. [Use double integral ]

59. Find the area outside the circle r=2 and inside the cardioid r = 2(1 + cos θ). [Use double integral ]

60. Find the area of the curve r = a(1 + cos θ). [Use double integral ]

61. Find the volume of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 . [Use double integral/ triple integral ]

62. Find the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by the co-ordinate planes and the plane xa + yb + zc = 1. [Use
double integral/Diritchlet’s integral ]

63. Find the volume bouned by the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 4 and the planes y + z = 4 and z = 0. [Use double
integral ]

64. Find the volume bounded by the plane z = 0,surface z = x2 + y 2 + 2 and the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 4.[Use
double integral ]

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65. Find the volume of the region bounded by the surface y = x2 and x = y 2 and the planes z = 0, z = 3.
[Use triple integral ]

66. Find the volume common to the cylinders x2 + y 2 = a2 and x2 + z 2 = a2 .

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67. The plane xa + yb + z
c = 1. meets the co-ordinate axes in points A, B, C. Find the volume of the
tetrahedron OABC.

68. Find the area bounded by y = x2 and y = 2x + 3.

c. e
69. Find the area enclosed by the curves y = 2 − x and y 2 = 2(2 − x).
x2 y2
70. Find the smaller area bounded by the ellipse + = 1 and the sraight line 2x + 3y = 6.
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a2 b2

71. Find the area of the region bounded by y 2 = x3 and y = x.

72. Find the area of the region bounded by x2 + y 2 = a2 and x + y = a in the first quadrant.
x2 y2
73. Find the area of the ellipse + = 1.
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a2 b2

74. Find the area lying inside the circle r = a sin θ and outside the cardioid r = a(1 − cos θ).

75. Find the area common to the cardioids r = a(1 + cos θ) and r = a(1 − cos θ).
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76. Find the area of the curve r2 = a2 cos 2θ.

x2 y2 z2
77. Find the volume of the ellipsoid a2
+ b2
+ c2
= 1. [Use double integral/triple integral ]

78. Find the volume of the solid bounded by the planes x = 0, y = 0, x + y + z = 1 and z = 0.
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79. Find the volume of the solid bounded by the surfaces z = 0, x2 + y 2 = 1 and x + y + z = 3.

80. A circular hole of radius b is made centrally through a sphere of radius a. Find the volume of the
remaining portion of the sphere.
RRR
81. z 2 dx dy dz over the region common to the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 and the cylinder
x2 + y 2 = ax.
R R R
a α β √
82. Evaluate (x2 + y 2 + z 2 ) dx dy dz, where a is constant, α = a2 − z 2 and β =
p 0 0 0
a2 − y 2 − z 2 .

6
83. Evluate
RRR
(a) x2 y z dx dy dz throughout the volume and
V
RRR
(b) x2 dx dy dz
V
x y z
bounded by the planes x = 0, y = 0, z = 0 and a + b + c = 1.
RR
84. Evluate (x2 + y 2 ) dx dy where R is the region bounded by x + y = 0, x + y = 2, x − y = 2
R
and x − y = 0. [Use change of variables]
RR
85. Evluate (x+y)2 dx dy where R is the parallelogram in xy-plane with vertices (1, 0), (3, 1), (2, 2)

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R
and (0, 1). [Use change of variables]
RRR
86. Evaluate x2 y 2 z 2 dx dy dz over the volume bounded by xy = 4, xy = 9, yz = 1, yz =

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4, zx = 25, zx = 49. [Use change of variables]

87. Find the volume of the portion of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 lying inside the cylinder x2 + y 2 = ax.
c. e
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esh
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